Aenasius arizonensis Girault 1915 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)’in farklı sıcaklıklarda gelişme süresi, parazitleme oranı ve sabit sıcaklıkta parazitleme davranışının belirlenmesi

Öz

Aenasius arizonensis Girault, 1915 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)’in önemli parazitoitlerinden biri olarak bilinmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada A. arizonensis’in farklı sıcaklıklarda bazı biyolojik özellikleri belirlenerek P. solenopsis’e karşı biyolojik mücadelede kullanım potansiyeli değerlendirilmiştir. Bu parazitoit için en uygun parazitleme sıcaklığını belirlemek için 6 farklı sıcaklık (15, 20, 25, 30, 35±2 ve 25/35±2 °C) çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre parazitleme ile ergin çıkışı arasında en iyi gelişme süresi (16-17 gün) ve en yüksek parazitleme oranı (79%) 25 °C’de elde edilmiştir. 30 ve 35 °C’de daha kısa gelişme süresi bulunmasına rağmen parazitleme oranının yüksek sıcaklıklarda düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. En uzun gelişme süresi ve en düşük parazitleme oranı 20 °C’de bulunmuştur. A. arizonensis’in parazitlemede farklı konukçuları tercih çalışmaları yapılmış ve sadece P. solenopsis’i parazitlediği belirlenmiştir. En iyi parazitlemenin elde edildiği 25 °C’de A. arizonensis’in artan konukçu yoğunluğuna bağlı parazitleme davranışı çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen regresyon eğrisine göre bu parazitoit Holling Tip II olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, A. arizonensis, P.solenopsis ile mücadelede etkili bir parazitoit olarak kullanılabileceği ve bu parazitoitin kitle üretiminin 25 °C’de başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aenasius arizonensis
• farklı sıcaklık
• parazitleme davranışı
• Phenacoccus solenopsis

The determination of developmental time, parasitism rate at different temperatures and parasitism behavior at constant temperature of Aenasius arizonensis Girault 1915 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)

Abstract

Aenasius arizonensis Girault, 1915 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a primary parasitoid species of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Some biological characteristics of A. arizonensis at different temperatures were studied to evaluate its potential role against P. solenopsis in biological control. Six temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35±2, and 25/35±2 °C) were studied to determine the most suitable temperature for parasitism. The results showed that the highest parasitism rate (79%) and the optimum developmental time from parasitism to adult emergence (16-17 days) were recorded at 25 °C. Although developmental periods were shorter at 30 and 35 °C, parasitism rate was lower at higher temperatures. The longest developmental period and lowest parasitism rate were recorded at 20 °C.The host preference of A. arizonensis was studied on different mealybug species and this parasitoid parasitized only P. solenopsis. The parasitism behavior of A. arizonensis based on the increasing the number of the host was carried out at 25 °C, where the best results were obtained in terms of parasitism rate during this study. The regression curve showed that A.arizonensis can be classified as Holling Type II. In conclusion, this study revealed that A. arizonensis can be an effective biological control agent to use against P. solenopsis and 25 °C is an optimum temperature for the mass-rearing of this parasitoid.

Keywords

• Aenasius arizonensis
• different temperature
• parasitism behavior
• Phenacoccus solenopsis

Kaynakça

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