Yığın MIMO Sistemlerde Spektral ve Enerji Verimliliklerine Farklı Devre Gücü Seviyelerinde Zeki Optimizasyon Tekniklerinin Uygulanması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 102 - 111, 29.04.2021

Burak Kürşat Gül Necmi Taşpınar

https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.893643

Cited By: 2

Öz

Kullanımı her geçen gün artamaya devam eden hücresel iletişimlerde, trafik yoğunluğu sorunu yaşanmaması adına alan iş çıkarım yeteneğinin artırılması gereklilik olarak görülmektedir. Bunun için yığın çok girişli çok çıkışlı sistemler kullanılarak spektral verimliliğin artırılması ve beraberinde enerji verimliliğin yüksek tutulması hedeflenmektedir. Hücre içerisinde hizmet verilen kullanıcı sayısı, kullanılan aktif anten sayısı ve iletim gücünün çeşitli değerleri için spektral ve enerji verimliliklerinin artabildiği bilinmektedir. Zeki optimizasyon teknikleri kullanılarak bahsi geçen üç değişkene ait optimum kombinasyonlar tespit edilerek spektral ve enerji verimliliklerinin aynı anda yüksek olduğu örnekler elde edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada çok amaçlı genetik algoritma, çok amaçlı parçacık sürü optimizasyonu ve çok amaçlı diferansiyel gelişim algoritması üç farklı devre gücü seti üzerinde uygulanmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yığın MIMO, Spektral Verimliliği, Enerji Verimliliği, Zeki Optimizasyon Teknikleri

Application of Intelligent Optimization Techniques to Spectral and Energy Efficiencies in Massive MIMO Systems at Different Circuit Power Levels

Öz

In cellular communications, whose usage continues to increase day by day, it is seen as a necessity to increase the area throughput in order to avoid data traffic density problems. For this, it is aimed to increase spectral efficiency by using massive multi-input multi-output systems and also to keep energy efficiency high. It is known that spectral and energy efficiencies can increase with different number of user equipments served in the cell, number of active antennas and values of the transmission power. By using intelligent optimization techniques, optimum combinations of these three variables can be determined and samples with both high spectral and energy efficiencies at the same time can be obtained. In this paper, multi-objective genetic algorithm, multi-objective particle swarm optimization and multi-objective differential evolution algorithm are applied on three different circuit power sets and then results obtained are evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Massive MIMO, Spectral Efficiency, Energy Efficiency, Intelligent Optimization Techniques

Kaynakça

• [1] E. Björnson, J. Hoydis, and L. Sanguinetti, “Massive MIMO Networks: Spectral, Energy and Hardware Efficiency”, Foundation and Trends in Signal Processing, pp. 154-655, 2017.
• [2] A. Fehske, G. Fettweis, J. Malmodin, and G. Biczok, “The Global Footprint of Mobile Communications: The Ecological and Economic Perspective”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 49(8), pp. 55-62, 2011.
• [3] W. Tan, S. Jin, and C. K. Wen, “Spectral efficiency of multi-user millimeter wave systems under single path with uniform rectangular arrays”, J Wireless Com Network, 181, pp. 1-13, 2017.
• [4] W. B. Hasan, P. Harris, A. Doufexi, and M. Beach, “Real-time maximum spectral efficiency for massive MIMO and its limits”, IEEE Access 6, pp. 46122-46133, 2018.
• [5] H. Pirzadeh, and A. L. Swindlehurst, “Spectral efficiency of mixed-ADC massive MIMO”, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 66(13), pp. 3599-3613, 2018.
• [6] Q. Lv, J. Li, P. Zhu, and X. You, “Spectral Efficiency Analysis for Bidirectional Dynamic Network with Massive MIMO Under Imperfect CSI”, IEEE Access 6,8421208, pp. 43660-43671, 2018.
• [7] H. Q. Ngo, E. Larsson, and T. Marzetta, “Energy and spectral efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems”, IEEE Trans Commun 61(4), pp. 1436–1449, 2013.
• [8] J. Fan, and Y. Zhang, “Energy efficiency of massive MU-MIMO with limited antennas in downlink cellular networks”, Digit Signal Process 86, pp. 1–10, 2019.
• [9] E. Sharma, R. Budhiraja, K. Vasudevan, and L. Hanzo, “Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Multi-Pair Two-Way AF Relaying: Energy Efficiency Optimization”, IEEE Transactions on Communications 66(8),8329521, pp. 3322-3340, 2018.
• [10] H. Q. Ngo, L-N. Tran, T. Q. Duong, M. Matthaiou, and E. G. Larsson, “Energy Efficiency Optimization for Cell-Free Massive MIMO”, IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, SPAWC 8227722, pp. 1-5, 2017.
• [11] D. Chen, F. Liu, C. Feng, J. Shi, and X. Han, “Energy Efficiency Optimization Based Self-interference Cancellation in Massive MIMO Full-duplex System” IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC), Qingdao, pp. 1-6, 2017.
• [12] Y. Huang, S. He, J. Wang, and J. Zhu, “Spectral and Energy Efficiency Tradeoff for Massive MIMO”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 8, pp. 6991-7002, 2018.
• [13] Y. Xin, D. Wang, J. Li, H. Zhu, J. Wang and X. You, “Area Spectral Efficiency and Area Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO Cellular Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 3243-3254, 2016.
• [14] O. Amin, E. Bedeer, M. H. Ahmed and O. A. Dobre, “Energy Efficiency–Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff: A Multiobjective Optimization Approach”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 1975-1981, 2016.
• [15] L. Deng, Y. Rui, P. Cheng, J. Zhang, Q. T. Zhang and M. Li, “A Unified Energy Efficiency and Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff Metric in Wireless Networks”, IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 55-58, 2013.
• [16] L. You, J. Xiong, A. Zappone, W. Wang and X. Gao, “Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Tradeoff in Massive MIMO Downlink Transmission With Statistical CSIT”, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 68, pp. 2645-2659, 2020.
• [17] O. Amin, E. Bedeer, M. H. Ahmed and O. A. Dobre, “Energy efficiency and spectral efficiency trade-off for OFDM systems with imperfect channel estimation”, IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 3553-3558, 2014.
• [18] S. M. Nimmagadda, “Optimal spectral and energy efficiency trade-off for massive MIMO technology: analysis on modified lion and grey wolf optimization”, Soft Comput 24, pp. 12523–12539, 2020. [19] K. E. Purushothaman, and V. Nagarajan, “Multiobjective optimization based on self‐organizing Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for massive MIMO 5G wireless network”, International Journal of Commun Systems, e4725, pp. 1-15, 2020.
• [20] S. Cetinkaya and H. Arslan, “A Distributed User-Cell Association for Spectral and Energy Efficiency Tradeoff in Massive MIMO UDHNs”, IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), pp. 1-6, 2019.
• [21] Z. Liu, W. Du and D. Sun, “Energy and Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff for Massive MIMO Systems With Transmit Antenna Selection”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 4453-4457, 2017.
• [22] Y. Hei, C. Zhang, and W. Song, “Energy and spectral efficiency tradeoff in massive MIMO systems with multi-objective adaptive genetic algorithm”, Soft Comput 23, pp. 7163–7179, 2019.