Pediatrik Trakeostomi Bakımı' Çevrimiçi Kursunun Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Bilgi ve Bakım Verici Rollerine Ilişkin Tutumlarına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Hemşirelerin lisans eğitimleri sürecinde trakeostomi bakımı konusunda yeterli bilgi ve beceri öğrenmeleri önemlidir. Araştırma, pediatrik trakeostomi bakımı' çevrimiçi kursunun hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bilgi ve bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Türkiye'de bir devlet üniversitesinin sağlık bilimleri fakültesinde Şubat-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği dersini alan toplam 76 hemşirelik üçüncü sınıf öğrencisi dahil edildi. Veriler tanımlayıcı özellikler formu, pediatric trakeostomi bakımı bilgi testi ve hemşirelerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutum ölçeği ile toplandı. Öğrencilere çevrimiçi ön test gönderildi. Ön testten sonra öğrenciler, basit randomizasyon yöntemi ile deney (n=37) ve kontrol grubuna (n=39) ayrıldı. Deney grubundaki öğrencilere üniversitenin uzaktan eğitim sistemi kullanılarak belirli günlerde pediatrik trakeostomi kursu verildi. Kurstan sonra gruplardaki tüm öğrencilere çevrimiçi son test gönderildi. Veriler t testi ve Ki-kare testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Araştırmada p<0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin trakeostomi bakım bilgi testi ve bakım verici rollerine ilişkin alt boyut 2, alt boyut 3 ve toplam puanları kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Pediatrik trakeostomi bakımı çevrimiçi kursu, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin trakeostomi bakımı bilgisini ve bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarını artırmada etkilidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uzaktan eğitim
• hemşirelik eğitimi
• hemşirelik öğrencileri
• trakeostomi

The Effect of 'Pediatric Tracheostomy Care' Online Course on Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Caregiver Roles

Öz

Aim: It is important for nurses to learn sufficient knowledge and skills about tracheostomy care during their undergraduate education. The study was conducted to determine the effect of pediatric tracheostomy care online course on nursing students' knowledge levels and attitudes regarding their role as caregivers. Material and Method: The study was conducted between February and June 2020 at the faculty of health sciences at a state university in Turkey. A total of 76 third-year nursing students registered in the course of Child Health and Diseases Nursing were included in the study. The data were collected with a descriptive features form, a tracheostomy care knowledge test, an attitude scale regarding nurses' caregiver roles. Students were sent online pretest. After pretesting, students were assigned to experimental group (n=37) and control group (n=39) by randomization. The students in the experimental group were given pediatric tracheostomy online course on certain days using the distance education system of the university. After the course, all students in the groups were sent online post-test. The data were analyzed using t test and Chi-square test. Significance was assessed at the level of p <0.05 in the study Results: It was determined that the students in the experimental group had higher scores in sub-dimension 2, sub-dimension 3 and total scores on tracheostomy care knowledge test and caregiver roles compared to the control group. Conclusion: The online course of pediatric tracheostomy care is effective in increasing nursing students' knowledge of tracheostomy care and their attitudes towards caregiver roles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Distance education
• nursing education
• nursing students
• tracheostomy

Kaynakça

1. Frost EA. Tracing the tracheostomy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 1976;85(1):618-24. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/000348947608500509
2. Zeitels SM, Broadburst MS, Akst LM, Lopez-Guerra G. The History of Tracheotomy and Intubation. Myers EN, Johnson JT, editors. Tracheotomy: Airway Management, Communication, and Swallowing. 2.nd ed. San Diego: Singular;1998. P.1-23.
3. Dawson D. Essential principles: tracheostomy care in the adult patient. Nurs Crit Care. 2014;19(2):63-72. doi: 10.1111/nicc.12076
4. Tolunay İ, Yıldızdaş RD, Horoz ÖÖ, Sürmelioğlu Ö, Ekinci F., Petmezci E, et al. Evaluation of our patients who underwent tracheostomy in our pediatric intensive care unit. J Pediatr Emerg Intensıve Care Med. 2015;2:60-4.
5. Morris LL, Whitmer A, McIntosh E. Tracheostomy care and complications in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Nurse 2013;33(5):18-30. doi: 10.4187/respcare.05366
6. Myatt R. Nursing care of patients with a temporary tracheostomy. Nurs Stand. 2015;29(26): 42–9. doi: 10.7748/ns.29.26.42.e9742
7. Ramsey AM, Brennan S, Stricker A, Riek K, Brown D, Gurtowsky R, et al. Emergency airway and ventilator procedures for community based home care staff validation of an educational program. Pediatric Pulmonology 2018;53(3):374-80. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23936
8. Shay S, Shapiro NL, Bhattacharyya N. Revisits after pediatric tracheotomy: airway concerns result in returns. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 2018;104(2018):5-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.10.021

9. Colwell JC. Skin Integrıty and Wound Care. Potter P, Perry A, editors. Fundamentals of Nursing. 9th ed. USA: Mosby Elsevier Publishing. 2016. P. 1184.
10. Panwar PK, Tiwai N. Medical-Surgical Nursing. 5th ed. India: Aıtbs Publishing. 2012. p.495-504.
11. Watters KF. Tracheostomy in infants and children, Respir. Care 2017;62(6):799-825. doi: 10.4187/respcare.05366
12. Freeman S. Care of adult patients with a temporary tracheostomy. Nurs Stand. 2011;26(2):49-56. doi: 10.7748/ns2011.09.26.2.49.c8706
13. Can FK, Anıl AB, Anıl M, Gümüşsoy M, Çitlenbik H, Kandoğan T, et al. The outcomes of children with tracheostomy in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit in Turkey. Turkish Pediatrics Archive 2018;53(3):177-184.
14. Doğru A, Resul Yılmaz R. Our tracheostomy experiences in pediatric ıntensive care unit. Pediatric Practice and Research 2019;7(4):604-7.
15. Estis JM, Rudd AB, Pruitt B, Wright T. Inter-professional simulation-based education enhances student knowledge of health professional roles and care of patients with tracheostomies and Passy-Muir® Valves. Journal of Nurse Education Practice 2015;5(6),123-8. doi: 10.5430/jnep.v5n6p123
16. Kanakalmath RC, Patali CS, Pinnapati SS, Ronad SKA. Study to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding tracheostomy care among final year gnm students in selected schools of nursing at Bagalkot, Karnataka. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 2018;3(11):129-137.
17. Bıyık-Bayram S, Çalışkan N. Effect of a game-based virtual reality phone application on tracheostomy care education for nursing students: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Education Today 2019;79(2019):25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.05.010
18. Pradhan A, Neupane N, Sah SK, Kuwar S, Shah S. Knowledge regarding tracheostomy care among nursing students, Int. Journal of Adv. Microbiol. Health. Res. 2018;2(2):23-29.
19. Koçak C, Albayrak SA, Büyükkayacı-Duman N. Developing an attitude scale for nurses' caregiver roles: a validity and reliability study. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 2014;11(3):16-21.
20. Ogilvie LN, Kozak JK, Chiu S, Adderley RJ, Kozak FK. Changes in pediatric tracheostomy 1982-2011, a Canadian tertiary children’s hospital review. J Pediatr Surg. 2014;49(11):49-1553.
21. Jacob B, Ramesh A. Efficacy of planned teaching on knowledge regarding tracheostomy suctioning among staff nurses. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 2015;4(7):169-75.
22. Dorton LH, Lintzenich CR, Evans AK. Simulation model for tracheotomy education for primary health-care providers. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2014;123(1):11-18. doi: 10.1177/0003489414521144
23. Yelverton JC, Nguyen JH, Wan W, Kenerson MC, Schuman TA. Effectiveness of a standardized education process for tracheostomy care. The Laryngoscope 2015;125(2):342-7. doi: 10.1002/lary.24821
24. McDonough K, Crimlisk J, Nicholas P, Cabral H, Quinn EK, Jalisi S. Standardizing nurse training strategies to improve knowledge and self-efficacy with tracheostomy and laryngectomy care. Applied Nursing Research 2016;32(2016):212-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2016.08.003
25. Abdelazeem E, Fashafsheh I, Fadllalah H, 2019. Effect of training program on nurses’ knowledge and competence regarding endotracheal tube and tracheostomy care in mechanically ventilated patients. International Journal of Nursing 2019;6(1):48-57. doi: 10.15640/ijn.v6n1a6
26. Agarwal A, Marks N, Wessel V, Willis D, Bai S, Tang X, et al. Improving knowledge, technical skills, and confidence among pediatric health care providers in the management of chronic tracheostomy using a simulation model. Pediatric Pulmonology 2016;51(7):696-704. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23355
27. Gaur R, Mudgal SK. Efficacy of interventional package on knowledge regarding tracheostomy care among staff nurses in tertiary care Hospitals, Udaipur (Rajasthan). International Journal of Nursing Education 2018;10(3):87-90. doi: 10.5958/0974-9357.2018.00073.9
28. Lowe G, Plummer V, O’brien AP, Boyd L. Time to clarify the value of advanced practice nursing roles in health care. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2012;68(3):677-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05790.x
29. Uzelli-Yılmaz D, Dilemek H, Yılmaz D, Akın-Korhan E, Çelik E, Rastgel H. Attitudes and related factors for nurses in caregiving roles. International Refereed Journal of Nursing Researches 2017;10(10):83-100.