İnşaat Şantiyesinde NOSACQ-50 ile İş Güvenliği Kültürünün Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Öz

Amaç: Bu kesitsel araştırma, İstanbul’daki bir inşaat şantiyesinde çalışan işçilerin iş güvenliği kültürü algılarını ve bunun bazı sosyodemografik özellikler, iş tatmini düzeyi ve iş kazası deneyimi ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. Güvenlik kültürü, bireylerin güvenliğe ilişkin tutum, inanç ve davranışlarını şekillendiren çok boyutlu bir yapıdır ve iş kazalarının önlenmesinde önemli bir rol oynar. Yöntem: Araştırma, Kasım–Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında bir villa inşaatında çalışan 190 işçiyle yürütülmüştür. Veriler, demografik bilgileri içeren sorular ve Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) ile toplanmış, yüz yüze görüşmelerle uygulanmıştır. SPSS 25.0 programı ile analiz edilen verilerde gruplar arası farklar Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 32 olup, %95,3’ü erkek ve %79,5’i işinden memnun olduğunu belirtmiştir. İş kazası geçirme oranı %5,8 bulunmuştur. İş tatmini yüksek olan bireyler, “yönetimin güvenlik önceliği”, “güvenliği desteklemesi” ve “adil davranması” gibi alt boyutlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek puan almıştır. Eğitim düzeyi güvenlik kültürü üzerinde anlamlı etki göstermiş; üniversite mezunları daha yüksek puanlar elde etmiştir. Ancak iş kazası deneyimi ile güvenlik algısı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: Bulgular, çalışan memnuniyeti ve eğitimin, iş güvenliği kültürünü geliştirmede temel unsurlar olduğunu göstermektedir. Kurumsal güvenlik önceliği ve düzenli eğitimlerle bu kültürün güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güvenlik kültürü
• inşaat sektörü
• iş kazaları

Etik Beyan

Çalışma için 29.09.2023 tarihinde 2125753 numarası ile İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlığı Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alınmıştır.

Evaluation of Safety Culture at a Construction Site Using the NOSACQ-50: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Aim: This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the perceptions of occupational safety culture among construction workers at a worksite in Istanbul and to examine the relationship between these perceptions and certain sociodemographic characteristics, job satisfaction levels, and experience of work accidents. Safety culture is a multidimensional concept that shapes individuals’ attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding safety and plays a critical role in the prevention of occupational accidents. Method: The study was conducted between November and December 2023 with 190 workers employed at a villa construction site. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included demographic questions and the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50), and were administered via face-to-face interviews. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0; group differences were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests (significance level p<0.05). Results: The mean age of participants was 32 years; 95.3% were male, and 79.5% reported being satisfied with their jobs. The rate of experiencing a work accident was 5.8%. Participants with higher job satisfaction scored significantly higher in NOSACQ-50 subscales such as “management’s safety priority,” “support for safety,” and “fairness in safety.” Education level significantly affected safety culture scores; university graduates had higher scores than those with primary or secondary education. However, no significant relationship was found between accident experience and safety culture perception. Conclusion: The findings suggest that employee satisfaction and education are key factors in improving safety culture. Promoting institutional safety priorities and providing regular safety training are recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Safety management
• construction industry
• occupational accident

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Dean’s Office, on 29 September 2023 with the approval number 2125753.

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