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The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 487 - 497, 07.08.2025

Yeliz Suna Dağ , Mehmet Ali Akdemir Emriye Hilal Yayan , Fatma İlknur Varol

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583

Öz

Aim: Chronic illnesses and their associated processes in children can significantly impact their parents. This study was carried out to examine the effect of perceived social support on the levels of hopelessness among parents of children with celiac disease.
Material and Method: The study was performed as a correlational descriptive study with 99 parents who attended the paediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic of a university hospital. ‘Parent Descriptive Information Form’, ‘Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support’, and ‘Beck Hopelessness Scale’ were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data.
Results: In our study, it was established that as the economic situation of the parents improved and their education level increased, the perceived social support increased and the level of hopelessness decreased. Additionally, it was found that the father's education level had a more positive effect on perceived social support and feelings of hopelessness (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study found that parents' perceptions of social support negatively influenced their levels of hopelessness. It is suggested that improving perceptions of social support in parents of children diagnosed with celiac disease will be beneficial in preventing them from feeling hopeless.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Celiac disease Child Parent Social support Hopelessness

Kaynakça

  • Abdulla, A., & Garemo, M. (2018). High cost of gluten-free products might be challenging for people with celiac disease in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Celiac Disease, 6(2), 37–41. doi: 10.12691/ijcd-6-2-2
  • Araújo, H. M. C., & Araújo, W. M. C. (2011). Coeliac disease: Following the diet and eating habits of participating individuals in the Federal District, Brazil. Appetite, 57(1), 105–109. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.04.007
  • Bassi, G., Mancinelli, E., Di Riso, D., & Salcuni, S. (2021). Parental stress, anxiety and depression symptoms associated with self-efficacy in paediatric type 1 diabetes: A literature review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 1–20. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010152
  • Burden, M., Mooney, P. D., Blanshard, R. J., White, W. L., Cambray-Deakin, D. R., & Sanders, D. S. (2015). Cost and availability of gluten-free food in the UK: In store and online. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 91(1081), 622–626. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133395
  • Cassidy, A., McConkey, R., Truesdale-Kennedy, M., & Slevin, E. (2008). Preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders: The impact on families and the supports available to them. Early Child Development and Care, 178(2), 115–128. doi: 10.1080/03004430701491721
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
  • Cummings, A. J., Knibb, R. C., King, R. M., & Lucas, J. S. (2010). The psychosocial impact of food allergy and food hypersensitivity in children, adolescents and their families: A review. Allergy, 65(8), 933–945. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02342.x
  • Czaja-Bulsa, G., & Bulsa, M. (2018). Adherence to gluten-free diet in children with celiac disease. Nutrients, 10(10), 1–9. doi: 10.3390/nu10101424
  • De Lorenzo, C. M., Xikota, J. C., Wayhs, M. C., Nassar, S. M., & De Souza Pires, M. M. (2012). Evaluation of the quality of life of children with celiac disease and their parents: A case-control study. Quality of Life Research, 21(1), 77–85. doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-9930-7
  • Dinleyici, M., Çarman, K. B., Özdemir, C., Harmancı, K., Eren, M., Kirel, B., Şimşek, E., Yarar, C., Çamurdan, A. D., & Dağlı, F. Ş. (2020). Quality-of-life evaluation of healthy siblings of children with chronic illness. Balkan Medical Journal, 37(1), 34–42. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2019.2019.7.142
  • do Nascimento, A. B., Fiates, G. M. R., dos Anjos, A., & Teixeira, E. (2014). Availability, cost and nutritional composition of gluten-free products. British Food Journal, 116(12), 1842–1852. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0131
  • Dolgun, G., & Bozkurt, G. (2013). Çocuklarda dolaşım sistemi hastalıkları ve hemşirelik bakımı. In Z. Conk, Z. Başbakkal, & B. Bolışık (Eds.), Pediatri hemşireliği (pp. 401–403).
  • Durualp, E., Nur, K. F., Yılmaz, V., & Alaybeyoğlu, K. (2010). Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin görüşlerine göre yaşam kalitelerinin karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 63(2), 55–63. doi: 10.1501/tipfak_0000000761
  • Eker, D., & Arkar, H. (1995). Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 45–55.
  • Epifanio, M. S., Genna, V., Vitello, M. G., Roccella, M., & La Grutta, S. (2013). Parenting stress and impact of illness in parents of children with coeliac disease. Pediatric Reports, 5(4), 81–85. doi: 10.4081/pr.2013.e19
  • Er, D. M. (2006). Çocuk, hastalık, anne-babalar ve kardeşler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 49(2), 155–168.
  • Errichiello, S., Esposito, O., Di Mase, R., Camarca, M. E., Natale, C., Limongelli, M. G., …. Greco, L. (2010). Celiac disease: Predictors of compliance with a gluten-free diet in adolescents and young adults. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 50(1), 54–60. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31819de82a
  • Gainer, C. L. (2011). Celiac disease. The Nurse Practitioner, 36(19), 15–19.
  • García-Manzanares, Á., & Lucendo, A. J. (2011). Nutritional and dietary aspects of celiac disease. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 26(2), 163–173. doi: 10.1177/0884533611399773
  • Germone, M. M., Ariefdjohan, M., Stahl, M., Shull, M., Mehta, P., Nagle, S., Tarbell, S., & Liu, E. (2022). Family ties: The impact of celiac disease on children and caregivers. Quality of Life Research, 31(7), 2107–2118. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-03078-8
  • Gülkesen, K. H., Bora, F., Ilhanli, N., Avsar, E., & Zayim, N. (2022). Cohen’s d and physicians’ opinion on effect size: A questionnaire on anemia treatment. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 70(3), 814–819. doi: 10.1136/jim-2021-002031
  • Hameed, S., & Sondhi, V. (2023). Experiences and difficulties for primary caretakers of children with celiac disease—A qualitative study. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology, 42(6), 791–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-023-01413-0
  • Khorshid, L., & Gürol Arslan, G. (2006). Hemşirelik ve sosyal desteğin önemi. Dirim, 1(1), 182–188.
  • Kutahyalioglu, N. S., & Kaş Alay, G. (2024). Lived experiences of children with celiac disease: A descriptive qualitative study. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 27(43), 146–157. doi: 10.1177/09731342241277425
  • Lee, A., & Newman, J. M. (2003). Celiac diet: Its impact on quality of life. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 103(11), 1533–1535. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2003.08.027
  • Macedo, L., Catarino, M., Festas, C., & Alves, P. (2024). Vulnerability in children with celiac disease: Findings from a scoping review. Children, 11(6), 1–58. doi: 10.3390/children11060729
  • O’Donnell, O., Rosati, F. C., & van Doorslaer, E. (2005). Health effects of child work: Evidence from rural Vietnam. Journal of Population Economics, 18(3), 437–447. doi: 10.1007/s00148-004-0197-y
  • Olsson, M. B., & Hwang, C. P. (2001). Depression in mothers and fathers of children with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 45(6), 535–543. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2001.00372.x
  • Öztürk, C., & Ayar, D. (2013). Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus’lu çocuklarda yaşam kalitesi ve önemi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 6(2), 99–101.
  • Rosland, A.-M., Heisler, M., & Piette, J. D. (2012). The impact of family behaviors and communication patterns on chronic illness outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 35(2), 221–239. doi: 10.1007/s10865-011-9354-4
  • Russo, C., Wolf, R. L., Leichter, H. J., Lee, A. R., Reilly, N. R., Zybert, P., Green, P. H. R., & Lebwohl, B. (2020). Impact of a child’s celiac disease diagnosis and management on the family. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 65(10), 2959–2969. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06316-0
  • Şahin Akkelle, B., Tutar, E., & Ertem, D. (2022). Pediatrik çölyak hastalarında glutensiz diyet tedavisine uyumu etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 50(2), 48–55. doi: 10.33076/2022.bdd.1589
  • Santos, S., Crespo, C., Silva, N., & Canavarro, M. C. (2012). Quality of life and adjustment in youths with asthma: The contributions of family rituals and the family environment. Family Process, 51(4), 557–570. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01416.x
  • Seber, G., Dilbaz, N., Kaptanoğlu, C., & Tekin, D. (1993). Umutsuzluk Ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Kriz Dergisi, 1(3), 139–142.
  • Sevinç, N., Öztürk, A., & Sevinç, E. (2019). Çocuklardaki çölyak hastalığının annelerin yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon düzeylerine etkisi. Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi, 18(2), 59–63. doi: 10.17941/agd.619639
  • Singh, J., & Whelan, K. (2011). Limited availability and higher cost of gluten-free foods. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 24(5), 479–486. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01160.x
  • Sverker, A., Hensing, G., & Hallert, C. (2005). "Controlled by food" - Lived experiences of coeliac disease. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 18(3), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2005.00591.x
  • Sverker, A., Östlund, G., Hallert, C., & Hensing, G. (2007). Sharing life with a gluten-intolerant person: The perspective of close relatives. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 20(5), 412–422. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2007.00815.x
  • Taşdelen Baş, M., & Çavuşoğlu, H. (2020). Evaluation of daily lives of children and adolescents with celiac disease and nursing approaches. Gastroenterology Nursing, 43(6), 202–213. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0000000000000509
  • Toros, F. (2002). Kronik hastalığı olan çocuklar, anne ve babalarındaki depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri. Klinik Psikiyatri, 5, 240–247.
  • White, L. E., Bannerman, E., & Gillett, P. M. (2016). Coeliac disease and the gluten-free diet: A review of the burdens; factors associated with adherence and impact on health-related quality of life, with specific focus on adolescence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 29(5), 593–606. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12375
  • Zarkadas, M., Dubois, S., Macisaac, K., Cantin, I., Rashid, M., Roberts, K. C., La Vieille, S., Godefroy, S., & Pulido, O. M. (2013). Living with coeliac disease and a gluten-free diet: A Canadian perspective. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 26(1), 10–23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01288.x

Çölyak Hastalıklı Çocukların Ebeveynlerinin Algıladıkları Sosyal Desteklerinin Umutsuzluklarına Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 487 - 497, 07.08.2025

Yeliz Suna Dağ , Mehmet Ali Akdemir Emriye Hilal Yayan , Fatma İlknur Varol

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583

Öz

Amaç: Çocuklarda görülen kronik hastalıklar ve süreçler ebeveynlerini ciddi şekilde etkileyebilir. Bu çalışma, çölyak hastalığı olan çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerde algılanan sosyal desteğin umutsuzluk düzeylerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinin çocuk gastroenteroloji polikliniğine başvuran 99 ebeveyn ile ilişkisel tanımlayıcı bir çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında ‘Ebeveyn Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu’, ‘Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’ ve ‘Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ANOVA ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda, ebeveynlerin ekonomik durumları iyileştikçe ve eğitim düzeyleri arttıkça algılanan sosyal desteğin arttığı ve umutsuzluk düzeyinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, babanın eğitim düzeyinin algılanan sosyal destek ve umutsuzluk duyguları üzerinde daha olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, ebeveynlerin sosyal destek algısı arttıkça umutsuzluk düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Çölyak hastalığı tanısı almış çocukların ebeveynlerinin sosyal destek algılarının iyileştirilmesinin, onların umutsuzluk duygularını önlemede faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çölyak hastalığı Çocuk Ebeveyn Sosyal destek Umutsuzluk

Kaynakça

  • Abdulla, A., & Garemo, M. (2018). High cost of gluten-free products might be challenging for people with celiac disease in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Celiac Disease, 6(2), 37–41. doi: 10.12691/ijcd-6-2-2
  • Araújo, H. M. C., & Araújo, W. M. C. (2011). Coeliac disease: Following the diet and eating habits of participating individuals in the Federal District, Brazil. Appetite, 57(1), 105–109. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.04.007
  • Bassi, G., Mancinelli, E., Di Riso, D., & Salcuni, S. (2021). Parental stress, anxiety and depression symptoms associated with self-efficacy in paediatric type 1 diabetes: A literature review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 1–20. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010152
  • Burden, M., Mooney, P. D., Blanshard, R. J., White, W. L., Cambray-Deakin, D. R., & Sanders, D. S. (2015). Cost and availability of gluten-free food in the UK: In store and online. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 91(1081), 622–626. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133395
  • Cassidy, A., McConkey, R., Truesdale-Kennedy, M., & Slevin, E. (2008). Preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders: The impact on families and the supports available to them. Early Child Development and Care, 178(2), 115–128. doi: 10.1080/03004430701491721
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
  • Cummings, A. J., Knibb, R. C., King, R. M., & Lucas, J. S. (2010). The psychosocial impact of food allergy and food hypersensitivity in children, adolescents and their families: A review. Allergy, 65(8), 933–945. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02342.x
  • Czaja-Bulsa, G., & Bulsa, M. (2018). Adherence to gluten-free diet in children with celiac disease. Nutrients, 10(10), 1–9. doi: 10.3390/nu10101424
  • De Lorenzo, C. M., Xikota, J. C., Wayhs, M. C., Nassar, S. M., & De Souza Pires, M. M. (2012). Evaluation of the quality of life of children with celiac disease and their parents: A case-control study. Quality of Life Research, 21(1), 77–85. doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-9930-7
  • Dinleyici, M., Çarman, K. B., Özdemir, C., Harmancı, K., Eren, M., Kirel, B., Şimşek, E., Yarar, C., Çamurdan, A. D., & Dağlı, F. Ş. (2020). Quality-of-life evaluation of healthy siblings of children with chronic illness. Balkan Medical Journal, 37(1), 34–42. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2019.2019.7.142
  • do Nascimento, A. B., Fiates, G. M. R., dos Anjos, A., & Teixeira, E. (2014). Availability, cost and nutritional composition of gluten-free products. British Food Journal, 116(12), 1842–1852. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0131
  • Dolgun, G., & Bozkurt, G. (2013). Çocuklarda dolaşım sistemi hastalıkları ve hemşirelik bakımı. In Z. Conk, Z. Başbakkal, & B. Bolışık (Eds.), Pediatri hemşireliği (pp. 401–403).
  • Durualp, E., Nur, K. F., Yılmaz, V., & Alaybeyoğlu, K. (2010). Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin görüşlerine göre yaşam kalitelerinin karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 63(2), 55–63. doi: 10.1501/tipfak_0000000761
  • Eker, D., & Arkar, H. (1995). Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 45–55.
  • Epifanio, M. S., Genna, V., Vitello, M. G., Roccella, M., & La Grutta, S. (2013). Parenting stress and impact of illness in parents of children with coeliac disease. Pediatric Reports, 5(4), 81–85. doi: 10.4081/pr.2013.e19
  • Er, D. M. (2006). Çocuk, hastalık, anne-babalar ve kardeşler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 49(2), 155–168.
  • Errichiello, S., Esposito, O., Di Mase, R., Camarca, M. E., Natale, C., Limongelli, M. G., …. Greco, L. (2010). Celiac disease: Predictors of compliance with a gluten-free diet in adolescents and young adults. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 50(1), 54–60. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31819de82a
  • Gainer, C. L. (2011). Celiac disease. The Nurse Practitioner, 36(19), 15–19.
  • García-Manzanares, Á., & Lucendo, A. J. (2011). Nutritional and dietary aspects of celiac disease. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 26(2), 163–173. doi: 10.1177/0884533611399773
  • Germone, M. M., Ariefdjohan, M., Stahl, M., Shull, M., Mehta, P., Nagle, S., Tarbell, S., & Liu, E. (2022). Family ties: The impact of celiac disease on children and caregivers. Quality of Life Research, 31(7), 2107–2118. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-03078-8
  • Gülkesen, K. H., Bora, F., Ilhanli, N., Avsar, E., & Zayim, N. (2022). Cohen’s d and physicians’ opinion on effect size: A questionnaire on anemia treatment. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 70(3), 814–819. doi: 10.1136/jim-2021-002031
  • Hameed, S., & Sondhi, V. (2023). Experiences and difficulties for primary caretakers of children with celiac disease—A qualitative study. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology, 42(6), 791–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-023-01413-0
  • Khorshid, L., & Gürol Arslan, G. (2006). Hemşirelik ve sosyal desteğin önemi. Dirim, 1(1), 182–188.
  • Kutahyalioglu, N. S., & Kaş Alay, G. (2024). Lived experiences of children with celiac disease: A descriptive qualitative study. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 27(43), 146–157. doi: 10.1177/09731342241277425
  • Lee, A., & Newman, J. M. (2003). Celiac diet: Its impact on quality of life. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 103(11), 1533–1535. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2003.08.027
  • Macedo, L., Catarino, M., Festas, C., & Alves, P. (2024). Vulnerability in children with celiac disease: Findings from a scoping review. Children, 11(6), 1–58. doi: 10.3390/children11060729
  • O’Donnell, O., Rosati, F. C., & van Doorslaer, E. (2005). Health effects of child work: Evidence from rural Vietnam. Journal of Population Economics, 18(3), 437–447. doi: 10.1007/s00148-004-0197-y
  • Olsson, M. B., & Hwang, C. P. (2001). Depression in mothers and fathers of children with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 45(6), 535–543. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2001.00372.x
  • Öztürk, C., & Ayar, D. (2013). Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus’lu çocuklarda yaşam kalitesi ve önemi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 6(2), 99–101.
  • Rosland, A.-M., Heisler, M., & Piette, J. D. (2012). The impact of family behaviors and communication patterns on chronic illness outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 35(2), 221–239. doi: 10.1007/s10865-011-9354-4
  • Russo, C., Wolf, R. L., Leichter, H. J., Lee, A. R., Reilly, N. R., Zybert, P., Green, P. H. R., & Lebwohl, B. (2020). Impact of a child’s celiac disease diagnosis and management on the family. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 65(10), 2959–2969. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06316-0
  • Şahin Akkelle, B., Tutar, E., & Ertem, D. (2022). Pediatrik çölyak hastalarında glutensiz diyet tedavisine uyumu etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 50(2), 48–55. doi: 10.33076/2022.bdd.1589
  • Santos, S., Crespo, C., Silva, N., & Canavarro, M. C. (2012). Quality of life and adjustment in youths with asthma: The contributions of family rituals and the family environment. Family Process, 51(4), 557–570. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01416.x
  • Seber, G., Dilbaz, N., Kaptanoğlu, C., & Tekin, D. (1993). Umutsuzluk Ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Kriz Dergisi, 1(3), 139–142.
  • Sevinç, N., Öztürk, A., & Sevinç, E. (2019). Çocuklardaki çölyak hastalığının annelerin yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon düzeylerine etkisi. Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi, 18(2), 59–63. doi: 10.17941/agd.619639
  • Singh, J., & Whelan, K. (2011). Limited availability and higher cost of gluten-free foods. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 24(5), 479–486. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01160.x
  • Sverker, A., Hensing, G., & Hallert, C. (2005). "Controlled by food" - Lived experiences of coeliac disease. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 18(3), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2005.00591.x
  • Sverker, A., Östlund, G., Hallert, C., & Hensing, G. (2007). Sharing life with a gluten-intolerant person: The perspective of close relatives. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 20(5), 412–422. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2007.00815.x
  • Taşdelen Baş, M., & Çavuşoğlu, H. (2020). Evaluation of daily lives of children and adolescents with celiac disease and nursing approaches. Gastroenterology Nursing, 43(6), 202–213. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0000000000000509
  • Toros, F. (2002). Kronik hastalığı olan çocuklar, anne ve babalarındaki depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri. Klinik Psikiyatri, 5, 240–247.
  • White, L. E., Bannerman, E., & Gillett, P. M. (2016). Coeliac disease and the gluten-free diet: A review of the burdens; factors associated with adherence and impact on health-related quality of life, with specific focus on adolescence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 29(5), 593–606. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12375
  • Zarkadas, M., Dubois, S., Macisaac, K., Cantin, I., Rashid, M., Roberts, K. C., La Vieille, S., Godefroy, S., & Pulido, O. M. (2013). Living with coeliac disease and a gluten-free diet: A Canadian perspective. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 26(1), 10–23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01288.x
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Yazarlar

Yeliz Suna Dağ 0000-0002-4547-5494

Mehmet Ali Akdemir Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-7345-7461

Emriye Hilal Yayan 0000-0003-0075-4171

Fatma İlknur Varol 0000-0001-5212-218X

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 6 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 14 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Suna Dağ, Y., Akdemir, M. A., Yayan, E. H., Varol, F. İ. (2025). The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 487-497. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583
AMA Suna Dağ Y, Akdemir MA, Yayan EH, Varol Fİ. The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. Ağustos 2025;7(2):487-497. doi:10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583
Chicago Suna Dağ, Yeliz, Mehmet Ali Akdemir, Emriye Hilal Yayan, ve Fatma İlknur Varol. “The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 7, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2025): 487-97. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583.
EndNote Suna Dağ Y, Akdemir MA, Yayan EH, Varol Fİ (01 Ağustos 2025) The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 7 2 487–497.
IEEE Y. Suna Dağ, M. A. Akdemir, E. H. Yayan, ve F. İ. Varol, “The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease”, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 487–497, 2025, doi: 10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583.
ISNAD Suna Dağ, Yeliz vd. “The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 7/2 (Ağustos2025), 487-497. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583.
JAMA Suna Dağ Y, Akdemir MA, Yayan EH, Varol Fİ. The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2025;7:487–497.
MLA Suna Dağ, Yeliz vd. “The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 487-9, doi:10.46413/boneyusbad.1560583.
Vancouver Suna Dağ Y, Akdemir MA, Yayan EH, Varol Fİ. The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Hopelessness in Parents of Children With Celiac Disease. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2025;7(2):487-9.
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