Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet Perspektifinden Yoğun Bakım Hastalarına Yönelik Sorunlar ve İhtiyaçlar: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 525 - 549, 07.08.2025

Resul Duran

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1599969

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yoğun bakım deneyimi olan bireylerin karşılaştığı zorlukları inceleyerek, tıbbi sosyal hizmetin bu süreçteki rolünü değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Nitel yöntem olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmada, fenomenolojik bir araştırma deseni kullanılarak, yoğun bakım deneyimi olan 15 hasta ve 15 sosyal hizmet uzmanı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bulgular, yoğun bakım sürecinin yalnızca fiziksel zorluklarla sınırlı kalmayıp, aynı zamanda önemli psikolojik ve sosyal etkiler yarattığını ortaya koymaktadır. Hastalar, fiziksel kısıtlılıklar, tıbbi cihazlara bağımlılık, yalnızlık, ölüm korkusu ve kontrol kaybı gibi zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Sağlık personelinin tutumu ve çevresel faktörler, hastaların deneyimlerini şekillendirirken; psikososyal hizmetlere erişim konusundaki farkındalık eksikliği, hem hastalar hem de aileleri için ek bir engel oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, yoğun bakım sürecinde sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının sağladığı psikososyal destek ve rehberlik hizmetlerinin kritik bir rol oynadığını, ancak hastane koşulları ve kaynaklara erişimdeki yetersizliklerin bu hizmetlerin etkinliğini sınırladığını göstermektedir.
Sonuç: Sonuçlar, sosyal hizmetlerin yoğun bakım süreçlerine daha etkili bir şekilde entegre edilmesi, psikolojik destek mekanizmalarının güçlendirilmesi ve sosyal hizmetlere erişim konusunda farkındalığın artırılması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Aynı zamanda, sosyal hizmet uzmanları ve sağlık personeli arasındaki iş birliğinin artırılması, yoğun bakım sürecindeki hastalar ve aileleri için bütüncül bir destek sisteminin oluşturulması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yoğun Bakım , Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet , Yoğun Bakımda Yaşanan Sorunlar , Psikososyal Destek , Bütüncül Bakım Önerileri

Problems and Needs of Intensive Care Patients from the Perspective of Medical Social Work: A Qualitative Study

Öz

Aim: This study aims to examine the challenges faced by individuals with intensive care experience and to evaluate the role of medical social work in this process.
Material and Method: Designed as a qualitative study, it employs a phenomenological research design, conducting semi-structured interviews with 15 intensive care patients and 15 social work professionals.
Results: The findings reveal that the intensive care process is not limited to physical difficulties but also generates significant psychological and social impacts. Patients face challenges such as physical limitations, dependency on medical devices, loneliness, fear of death, and loss of control. The attitudes of healthcare staff and environmental factors shape patients’ experiences, while a lack of awareness regarding access to psychosocial services poses an additional barrier for both patients and their families. The study highlights the critical role of social workers in providing psychosocial support and guidance during the intensive care process but also points out that hospital conditions and resource constraints limit the effectiveness of these interventions.
Conclusion: The results emphasize the need for better integration of social services into intensive care processes, strengthening psychological support mechanisms, and raising awareness about accessing social services. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of enhancing collaboration between social workers and healthcare professionals to establish a holistic support system for patients and their families during intensive care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intensive Care , Medical Social Work , Challenges in İntensive Care , Psychosocial Support , Holistic Care Recommendations

Kaynakça

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