Görme Engelli Bireylerin Erişilebilirlik Deneyimleri: Engeller ve Çözümler

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 , 153 - 171 , 27.04.2026

Yasin Erdurak , Fatih Altun , Göktuğ Poyraz , Ahmet Yangıncı

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1708255

https://izlik.org/JA59UF63ZG

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma görme engelli bireylerin fiziksel, dijital ve sosyo-kültürel ortamlarda karşılaştıkları erişilebilirlik engellerini derinlemesine inceleyerek bu engellerin toplumsal katılıma etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Fenomenolojik desende yürütülen nitel çalışma Bandırma’da yaşayan 11 görme engelli katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar kartopu örnekleme ile seçilmiş ve veriler ses kayıtlarından deşifre edilerek MAXQDA ile tematik analiz uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: On ana tema altında toplanan veriler, fiziksel mekânlarda yönlendirme çizgileri ve sesli trafik ışığı eksiklikleri, toplu taşımada sesli anons ve öngörülebilirlik sorunları, dijital arayüz uyumsuzlukları, eğitim materyallerinde alternatif format yetersizlikleri, işyerinde ulaşım ve görev uyumu eksiklikleri, sağlık kurumlarında navigasyon sorunları, kamu hizmetlerinde personel tutumları, afet yönetiminde bilgilendirme yetersizlikleri ve sosyal/kültürel katılımda betimleme eksiklikleri gibi çok boyutlu engelleri göstermiştir.
Sonuç: Erişilebilirlik yalnızca teknik düzenlemelerle değil planlama, denetim, kurumsal farkındalık ve kullanıcı deneyimini merkez alan politikalarla sağlanmalıdır. Bu bulgular kapsayıcı tasarım ve sürdürülebilir uygulama stratejilerine ihtiyaç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Erişilebilirlik , Görme Engelli , Sosyal Katılım

Accessibility Experiences of Visually Impaired Individuals: Barriers and Solutions

https://izlik.org/JA59UF63ZG

Öz

Aim: This research aims to examine the accessibility barriers that visually impaired individuals face in physical, digital and socio-cultural environments and to reveal the effects of these barriers on social participation.
Material and Method: The qualitative phenomenological study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 11 visually impaired participants living in Bandırma. The participants were selected by snowball sampling and the data were transcribed from the audio recordings and thematic analysis was applied with MAXQDA.
Results: The data collected under ten main themes showed multidimensional barriers such as lack of directional lines and audible traffic lights in physical spaces, audible announcements and predictability problems in public transportation, digital interface incompatibilities, alternative format inadequacies in educational materials, transportation and task compatibility deficiencies in the workplace, navigation problems in health institutions, staff attitudes in public services, lack of information in disaster management, and lack of description in social/cultural participation.
Conclusion: Accessibility should be ensured not only through technical regulations but also through planning, supervision, institutional awareness and policies that center on user experience. These findings reveal the need for inclusive design and sustainable implementation strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Accessibility , Visually Impaired , Social Inclusion

Kaynakça

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