Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde Görev Yapan Hemşire ve Ebelerin Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 233 - 241, 26.12.2022

Hacer Kabakoğlu Hatice Tambağ

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1088197

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada çocuk istismarı ve ihmalinin tanılanması aynı zamanda önlenmesinde önemli bir rolü olan hemşire ve ebelerin konuyla ilgili bilgi düzeyi ile farkındalıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kesitsel olarak 2017-2018 yılları arasında Hatay ili Antakya ve Defne merkez ilçesinde bulunan 51 aile sağlığı merkezinde yapılmıştır. Veri toplanmasında hemşire ve ebelerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini belirleyen 20 sorudan oluşan tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve 67 sorudan oluşan “Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmalinin Belirti ve Risklerinin Tanılanmasına Yönelik Ölçek Formu’’ kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Ölçek ortalama puanları, hemşire ve ebelerin ölçek puan ortalamalarının meslek yaşamları boyunca çocuk ihmal ve istismarı vakalarıyla karşılaşma, çocuk ihmal-istismarını tanıma, hukuk hakkında bilgi sahibi olma gibi değişkenlerden etkilendiğini göstermiştir (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak hemşire ve ebelerin çocuk istismarı konusundaki bilgilerinin ortalamanın biraz üzerinde kaldığı görülmüştür. Bu durum sağlık profesyoneli olan hemşireler için yeterli düzeyde değildir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk istismarı, Ebe, Hemşire, İhmal, İstismar

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi

Proje Numarası

16712

Teşekkür

*Bu çalışma 23-26 Nisan 2018 tarihinde yapılan 1. Uluslararası 2. Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Hemsireliği Kongresinde özet bildiri/poster olarak sunulmuştur (Yayın No:5567739). *Çalışmaya katılan tüm sağlık çalışanlarına teşekkür ederiz.

An Evaluation of the Knowledge Level of Nurses and Midwives Working in Family Health Centers about Child Abuse and Neglect

Öz

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of nurses and midwives, who have an important role in the diagnosis and prevention of child abuse and neglect.
Material and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 51 family health centers located in the central district of Antakya and Defne in Hatay province between 2017-2018. In data collection, a introductory information form consisting of 20 questions determining the sociodemographic characteristics of nurses and midwives, and a " Diagnosis Scale of the Risk and Symptoms of Child Abuse and Neglect" consisting of 67 questions were used.
Results: The results showed that 27.6% of the midwives and nurses who encountered cases did not report them Average scale scores showed that nurses’ and midwives’ scale mean scores were affected by the variables such as encountering cases of child neglect and child abuse throughout their professional life, recognizing child neglect-abuse, and being knowledgeable about the law (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, it was observed that the knowledge of nurses and midwives on child abuse was slightly above the average. This situation is not sufficient for nurses who are health professionals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child abuse, Midwife, Nurse, Neglect, Abuse

Proje Numarası

16712

Kaynakça

• Akcan, A, Demiralay, Ş. (2016). Perceptıons of department of nursıng students on chıld neglect and abuse. Journal of Research in Education and Teaching, 5(32), 275-281.
• Aktay, M. (2020). Effects and Treatment of Abuse and Neglect on Children. Journal of Development and Psychology, 1(2), 169-184.
• Ben Yehuda, Y., Attar-Schwartz, S., Ziv, A., Jedwab, M., Benbenishty, R. (2010). Child abuse and neglect: reporting by health professionals and their need for training. The Israel Medical Association Journal: IMAJ, 12(10), 598–602.
• Büyük, E.T. (2019). The effect of training program on the knowledge level of midwifery students about child abuse. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, 6(4), 171-176. doi: 10.4103/JNMS.JNMS_54_18
• Canbaz, S., Turla, A., Aker, S., Pekşen, Y. (2005). Knowledge and attitude of general practitioners working in primary health-care centers in Samsun-city center about child abuse and neglect. Journal of Continuing Medical Education,14(11), 241-246.
• Çatık, A., Çam, O. (2006). Determining nurses’ and midewives’ level of knowledge on symptoms and risk of child abuse and neglect. Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty, 22(2), 103-119.
• Child Protection Law Turkey, 2005. Release Date:15/07/2005 Sayı: 25876.
• Eckenrode, J., Ganzel, B., HendersonJr, C. R., Smith, E., Olds, D. L., Powers, J., … Sidora, K. (2000). Preventing child abuse and neglect with a program of nurse home visitation: The limiting effects of domesticviolence. Jama, 284(11), 1385-1391. doi:10.1001/jama.284.11.1385
• Ezzati M., Lopez AD., Rodgers A., Murray, C. (2004). Child sexual abuse. Comparative Quantification of Health Risks, Geneva, Switzerland, WHO, 1(1), 29-88.
• Gardner, M. J., Thomas, H. J., & Erskine, H. E. (2019). The association between five forms of child maltreatment and depressive and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Child abuse & neglect, 96, 104082.
• Gölge, ZB., Hamzaoglu, N., Türk, B. (2012). Assesment of medical staff awareness about child abuse and neglect. Turkish Journal of Forensic Medicine, 6(2), 86-96. doi: 10.5505/adlitip.2012.36349.
• Han, K., & Oh, S. (2022). The effectiveness of home visiting programs for the prevention of child maltreatment recurrence at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Health Nursing Research, 28(1), 41.
• Henry, B. M., Ueda, R., Shinjo, M., Yoshikawa, C. (2003). Health education for nurses in Japan to combat child abuse. Nursing & Health Sciences, 5(3), 199-206. doi: 10.1046/j.1442-2018.2003.00153.x.
• Kim, H., Flowers, N., & Song, E. J. (2022). Community home visiting services and child maltreatment report rates, Illinois zip codes, 2011–2018. Child Abuse & Neglect, 134, 105884.
• Lansford, J. E., Miller-Johnson, S., Berlin, L. J., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., Pettit, G. S. (2007). Early physical abuse and later violent delinquency: a prospective longitudinal study. Child Maltreatment, 12(3), 233–245. doi: 10.1177/1077559507301841.
• Lee I. S., Kim K. J. (2018). Factors That Influence Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Attitudes of Pediatric Nurses in Korea. J Forensic Nurs, 14(1), 31-41. doi: 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000186.
• Lines, L. E., Hutton, A., & Grant, J. M. (2020). Navigating and negotiating meanings of child abuse and neglect: Sociocultural contexts shaping Australian nurses’ perceptions. Health & social care in the community, 28(3), 941-949.
• Metinyurt, H., Sarı, H. (2016). Awareness of Health Professionals About Child Abuse and Neglect. Çocuk ve Medeniyet Dergisi, 1(3), 101-121.
• Özbey, H., Gökçe, A. Ö., Gül, U., Kahriman, İ. (2018). Knowledge and awareness of nursing students about child abuse and neglect. Journal of Nursing Research and Practice, 2(3),21-24.
• Pala, B., Ünalacak, M., Ünlüoğlu, İ. (2011). Child maltreatment: Abuse and neglect. Dicle Medical Journal, 38(1).
• Simon, J., Luetzow, A., Conte, J. R. (2020). Thirtyyears of the Convention on theRights of the Child: developments in child sexual abuse and exploitation. Child Abuse & Neglect, 104399. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104399
• Tanşu, A., Karadaş, E. (2011, Ekim). Acil servise başvuran çocuk hastalar ile çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmaline yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Sözel Bildiri, Milli Pediatri Kongresi, Antalya.
• Turhan, E., Sangün, Ö., İnandı, T. (2006). Child abuse and prevention in primary care. Journal of Continuing Medical Education, 15(9), 153-157.
• Turkish Statistical Institute 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2021, https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dunya-Nufus-Gunu-2022-45552
• U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (2011). Child Maltreatment, Children’s Bureau. Retrieved December 20, 2021,https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/cb/cm11.pdf.
• Unicef (2016). Preventing child maltreatment: a guide to taking action and generating evidence. Retrieved December 19, 2021, https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43499/9241594365_tur.pdf?sequence=21&isAllowed=y
• Children’s Bureau. (2018). Child Maltreatment. Retrieved December 04, 2022, https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/cb/cm2018.pdf.
• Uysal, A (1998). Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmalinin Belirti ve Risklerini Tanılamada Hemşire ve Ebelerin Bilgi Düzeylerinin Saptanması. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Zusman, N., Saporta‐Sorozon, K. (2022). Organizational factors affecting nurses’ tendency to report child abuse and neglect. Public health nursing, 39(3), 601-608.