İslâm Ekonomisi ve Kavâid-i Fıkhıyye ile İlişkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 13, 309 - 336, 28.06.2018

Ercan Eser

Öz

İslâm ekonomisi, İslâmî bilgi topluluğunun bir parçası olarak,
çağdaş İslâm dünyasındaki çeşitli yüksek öğrenim kurumlarında tanınan ve
geçerlilik kazanan yeni bir sosyal bilim disiplini olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. İslâmî
bilginin farklı kaynakları, evrimini ve gelişimini şekillendirmeye önemli
katkıda bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, “İslâmî hukuk kurallarının”, mevcut
ekonomik düşüncede bağlamlaştırma konusunda pek fazla dikkat çekmediği
görülüyor. İçerik analizi yaklaşımını kullanarak, bu makale, beş normatif kurala
ve bazı türlerine vurgu yaparak, kavâid-i fıkhıyyenin İslâm ekonomisini
anlamaya uygun olduğunu incelemektedir. Amaç, bunların İslâmî ekonomik hayatla
olan ilgisini, zaman ve mekan içerisindeki bağlamsallaştırmalarını
değerlendirmektir.

İslâm’ın ikinci derecede öğrenim
araştırmalarında bir disiplin olarak kavâid-i fıkhiyye'nin İslâmî
iktisat anlayışına önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu kurallar
bazı ekonomik teorileri İslâm ahlakına göre anlamaya yardımcı olurlar. Bu
nedenle, Müslüman sosyal bilimcilerin, özellikle de Müslüman iktisatçıların, bu
fıkıh dalına büyük bir ilgi ve bağlılıkla sarılmaları ve onu takip etmeleri halinde
iktisat teorilerinin İslâm açısından daha iyi değerlendirilmesine imkan
verecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslâm, iktisat, el-kâvaidi’l-fıkhiyye, şerîat, ahlak

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