Yeni Ahit’te Vaaz ve Vaizlik

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 19, 279 - 306, 30.06.2021

Harun Dündar Karahan

https://doi.org/10.51553/bozifder.892023

Öz

Vaaz bütün dinlerde dinin akide, ahlak, emir ve yasaklarını inananlarına tebliğ etmek için en önemli araçlardan bir tanesidir. Dinlerin mensupları dinlerine ait bilgileri ve ahlaki öğretileri sadece okuyarak değil, aynı zamanda vaazlar aracılığıyla da öğrenmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda Hıristiyanlık’ta da vaaz, dinin anlaşılmasında ve anlatımında büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Her ne kadar Yeni Ahit’te doğrudan vaaz ile ilgili çok fazla bilgi bulunmasa da tarihi süreç içerisindeki uygulamaları ile Hıristiyanlık vaaz ve usulü ile ilgili olarak geniş bir müktesebata sahip olmuştur. İsa, sadece kendisi vaaz etmemiş, aynı zamanda havarilerini de vaaz etmek için görevlendirmiştir. Hıristiyanlık’ta vaaz, referanslarını Kutsal Kitap’tan alan, Kutsal Kitap’ı tefsir mahiyetinde açıklama ve izahları içeren bir hitabet türüdür. Vaaz görevi bütün Hıristiyan mezheplerince 325 İznik Konsili ile birlikte uygulanmasına karar verilmiştir. Vaizlik görevi Katoliklik ve Ortodoksluk’ta piskopos, papaz gibi ruhban sınıfı tarafından yerine getirilirken, Protestanlık’ta ise din adamı sınıfındaki kişilerin dışındakiler tarafından da icra edilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda Hıristiyanlık’taki vaaz ve vaizlik kültürünü mezheplerin bakış açısından ziyade Yeni Ahit bağlamında incelemeye çalıştık. Zira Yeni Ahit vaaz ve vaizlikte metotla ilgili zengin bir materyal sunmaktadır. Genellikle vaaz ve vaizlikle ilgili müktesebat zaman içerisindeki uygulamalar ile ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dinler Tarihi, Kutsal Kitap, Vaaz, Vaizlik, Hıristiyanlık, Hitabet

Sermon and Preaching in The New Testament

Öz

Preaching is one of the most important tools in all religions to communicate the aqidah, morality, Commandments and prohibitions of religion to its believers. Members of religions learned the knowledge and moral teachings of their religion not only by reading, but also through sermons. In this context, preaching in Christianity is also of great importance in the understanding and expression of religion. Although there is not much information about direct preaching in the New Testament, with its practices in the historical process, Christianity has had a wide understanding of preaching and procedure. Jesus not only preached himself, but also commissioned his apostles to preach. In Christianity, preaching is a type of oratory that takes its references from the Bible and includes explanations and explanations of the Bible in the nature of exegesis. It was decided that the preaching mission should be carried out by all Christian denominations together with the 325 Council of Nicaea. In Catholicism and Orthodoxy, the duty of preaching is performed by the clergy, such as the Bishop, the priest, while in Protestantism it is performed by those other than those in the clergy class. In this study, we tried to examine the culture of preaching and preaching in Christianity in the context of the New Testament, rather than from the point of view of denominations. Because the New Testament offers a rich material on the method in preaching and preaching. Often related to preaching and preaching, the practice emerged over time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The History of Religions, New Testament, Sermon, Preaching, Preacher, Christianity, Oratory

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