MEZENŞİMAL KÖK HÜCRELERİN UTERUS VE PLASENTA ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, mezenkimal kök hücre (MKH) uygulamasının gebe Wistar Albino sıçanlarda implantasyon bölgesinde hücre dışı matriks proteinleri fibronektin, matriks metalloproteinaz-2 (MMP-2) ve matriks metalloproteinaz-9 (MMP-9) ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Otuz iki yetişkin dişi Wistar Albino sıçan gebeliğin 10. ve 21. günlerinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır (kontrol, n=8; kök hücre, n=8). Kök hücre grubuna sıçan kemik iliğinden elde edilen MKH'ler verilirken, kontrol grubuna Fosfat Tamponlu Salin (PBS) verilmiştir. İmplantasyon bölgeleri ve plasentalar toplandı ve fibronektin, MMP-2 ve MMP-9 ekspresyonları immünohistokimya kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgu: Gebeliğin 10. gününde, desidual yapıdaki fibronektin reaktivitesi hem kontrol hem de kök hücre gruplarında benzerdi ve anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0.05). 21. günde, fibronektin ekspresyonu kontrol grubuna kıyasla kök hücre grubunun labirent alanında ve spongiotrofoblastlarında önemli ölçüde artmıştır (p=0,02). MMP-2 immünoreaktivitesi kök hücre grubunda trofoblastik dev hücrelerin çevresinde azalmış, ancak desidua hücrelerinde, bez epitelinde ve damar duvarlarında sabit kalmıştır. MMP-9 seviyeleri kök hücre grubundaki trofoblastik dev hücrelerde daha yüksekti, ancak fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p>0.05). 21. günde, hem MMP-2 hem de MMP-9 aktiviteleri her iki grupta da daha az yoğundu. Sonuç: MSC uygulaması, gebeliğin 21. gününde labirent bölgesinde ve spongiotrofoblastlarda fibronektin ekspresyonunu önemli ölçüde artırarak MSC'lerin implantasyon bölgesinde hücre dışı matriks yeniden şekillenmesini artırmada rol oynadığını düşündürmüştür. Bununla birlikte, MSC tedavisi MMP-2 veya MMP-9 immünoreaktivitesini önemli ölçüde değiştirmemiştir, bu da etkilerinin plasental gelişim sırasında fibronektin aracılı süreçlere özgü olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İmplantasyon
• Mezenşimal Kök Hücre
• Fibronektin
• MMP-2
• MMP-9

EFFECT OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ON UTERUS AND PLACENTA

Öz

Objective: This study investigated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) application on the expression of extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) at the implantation site in pregnant Wistar Albino rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult female Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups (control, n=8; stem cell, n=8) on the 10th and 21st days of gestation. The stem cell group received MSCs derived from rat bone marrow, while the control group received Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). Implantation sites and placentas were collected, and fibronectin, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expressions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results: On day 10 of gestation, fibronectin reactivity in the decidual structure was similar in both control and stem cell groups, with no significant difference (p>0.05). On day 21, fibronectin expression was significantly elevated in the labyrinth area and spongiotrophoblasts of the stem cell group compared to the control group (p=0.02). MMP-2 immunoreactivity was reduced around trophoblastic giant cells in the stem cell group but remained consistent in decidua cells, gland epithelium, and vessel walls. MMP-9 levels were higher in trophoblastic giant cells in the stem cell group, though the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). On day 21, both MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were less intense in both groups. Conclusion: MSC administration significantly increased fibronectin expression in the labyrinth area and spongiotrophoblasts on day 21 of gestation, suggesting a role for MSCs in enhancing extracellular matrix remodeling at the implantation site. However, MSC treatment did not significantly alter MMP-2 or MMP-9 immunoreactivity, indicating that their effects may be specific to fibronectin-mediated processes during placental development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Implantation
• Mesenchymal Stem Cell
• Fibronectin
• MMP-2
• MMP-9

Kaynakça

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