Araştırma Makalesi

ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS

Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2 15 Haziran 2026
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ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS

Öz

Objective: Pressure ulcers are a common complication in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. While traditional risk assessment tools primarily focus on mechanical and functional factors, the role of systemic inflammation in determining the timing of ulcer development remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between inflammation-based markers, particularly the C-reactive protein-albumin ratio (CAR), and time to pressure ulcer development.

Material and Methods: Seventy-four ICU patients who developed pressure ulcers were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was defined as the time (in days) from ICU admission to pressure ulcer occurrence. Associations between variables were assessed using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of earlier pressure ulcer development. Due to potential collinearity, separate multivariable models were constructed for CAR and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare time to ulcer development between groups, and differences were assessed using the log-rank test.

Results: CAR was strongly and negatively correlated with time to pressure ulcer development (rho=−0.599, p<0.001). Age and body mass index showed weaker negative correlations, while the Braden score was not significantly associated with time to ulcer development. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, CAR was independently associated with earlier pressure ulcer development (HR=1.41, 95% CI 1.24-1.60, p<0.001). In a separate model, mGPS was also independently associated with earlier pressure ulcer development (HR=5.20, 95% CI 2.86-9.43, p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly shorter time to ulcer development in patients with higher CAR levels (log-rank p<0.001).

Conclusion: Inflammation-based markers, particularly CAR, are associated with earlier pressure ulcer development and may improve risk stratification beyond conventional assessment tools.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Plastik, Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi, Yoğun Bakım

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Nisan 2026

Kabul Tarihi

27 Mayıs 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Işıktekin, E., & Demir İsiktekin, M. (2026). ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 16(2), 322-328. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.1921159
AMA
1.Işıktekin E, Demir İsiktekin M. ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2026;16(2):322-328. doi:10.16919/bozoktip.1921159
Chicago
Işıktekin, Emrah, ve Melike Demir İsiktekin. 2026. “ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 16 (2): 322-28. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.1921159.
EndNote
Işıktekin E, Demir İsiktekin M (01 Haziran 2026) ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 16 2 322–328.
IEEE
[1]E. Işıktekin ve M. Demir İsiktekin, “ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS”, Bozok Tıp Dergisi, c. 16, sy 2, ss. 322–328, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.16919/bozoktip.1921159.
ISNAD
Işıktekin, Emrah - Demir İsiktekin, Melike. “ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 16/2 (01 Haziran 2026): 322-328. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.1921159.
JAMA
1.Işıktekin E, Demir İsiktekin M. ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2026;16:322–328.
MLA
Işıktekin, Emrah, ve Melike Demir İsiktekin. “ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, c. 16, sy 2, Haziran 2026, ss. 322-8, doi:10.16919/bozoktip.1921159.
Vancouver
1.Emrah Işıktekin, Melike Demir İsiktekin. ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS WITH EARLIER PRESSURE ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 01 Haziran 2026;16(2):322-8. doi:10.16919/bozoktip.1921159