MEKSİKA’DA SU ALT YAPI HİZMETLERİNİN YÖNETİMİ: YENİ SU KÜLTÜRÜ MODELİ

Öz

Yönetimde geleneksel anlayış, kendisini gücün yeni yollardan kullanımına bırakmaktadır. İlk olarak Yeni Kamu Yönetimi (YKY) modeli, hizmet sunumunda verimliliği artırmak için geleneksel modele en iyi alternatif olarak desteklenmiştir; ama YKY, kamu eylemlerinin maddi varlıklardan ziyade aktörler arasındaki ilişkilere ayrıcalık tanıması gerektiği fikri ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu model, demokrasilerde sorunları çözmek için en iyi yol olan toplum, özel sektör ve kamu arasındaki iyi ilişkileri cesaretlendiren yönetişimin temelinde yer almaktadır. Suyun yönetiminde, birçok deneyim, kamu, özel sektör ve toplumun katılımına izin veren ve kaynakların yönetimini garanti eden bir model olarak üçlü yönetim modelinin kullanımını önermektedir. Geleneksel model (problemin talep tarafına odaklanan ve kamu işleri ile çözüm geliştiren model) ve Kamu-Özel Ortaklığı modellerinden (sosyal sektörü sadece müşteri olarak değerlendiren model) kamu, özel sektör ve toplumsal katılım ile üçlü yönetim modeli oluşturmak için ayrılan Yeni Su Kültürü (YSK) modeli de bir seçenektir. Meksika’nın YSK konusunda hiç bir deneyimi olmamasına rağmen uygulaması için bir temeli mevcuttur. Meksika’da bunu uygulayabilmek için, yeni kurumsal koşulların geliştirilmesine, su kaynaklarının yönetiminde servis kalitesini denetleyecek komşuluk ilişkileri komitesi gibi yaratıcı figürlerin oluşturulmasına ve hizmet kalitesini arttırmak için özel sektörün kamu işletmecisi ile nasıl işbirliği yapabileceğinin idari otorite ile tanımlanmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeni Kamu Yönetimi, Yeni Su Kültürü, Kamu-Özel Ortaklığı, Meksika, Su Yönetimi

AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE GOVERNANCE OF WATER SERVICES IN MEXICO: THE MODEL OF THE NEW WATER CULTURE

Öz

The conventional image of governance is yielding to novel ways of exercising power. Initially The New Public Management (NPM) was promoted as the best alternative to the conventional model to increase the efficiency in the delivery of services; but the NPM is confronted with the idea that public action should favor the interaction between actors rather than the material aspects of the management. This concept is at the root of governance, which encourages good relations between public, private and social, promising to be the best way to resolve matters in democracies. In water management, several experiments suggest that the use of a "tripartite” model guarantees resource governance by allowing the participation of public, private and social sectors. The model of the New Water Culture (NWC) is an option that departs from the conventional approach (which focuses on the demand side of the problem and promotes solutions through public works) and public-private-partnership (PPP) models (which considers the social sector only as a "client") to create a tripartite model of administration with public-private-social participation. Although Mexico has no experience of the NWC, there is a basis for implementation. In order to implement it in Mexico there is a need to develop new institutional conditions, to create innovative figures such as neighborhood committees for water management to oversee the quality of services and define together with the administrative authority the way the private sector associates with the public operator in order to improve the quality of the service

Anahtar Kelimeler

• New Public Management, New Water Culture, Public-Private-Partnership, Mexico, Water Management

Kaynakça

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