Türkiye'de Göçmenlere Yönelik Tutumların Belirleyicileri Nelerdir? Dünya Değerler Araştırmasından Kanıtlar

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 23, 49 - 59, 30.06.2023

Hüseyin Safa Ünal

https://doi.org/10.55589/bsbd.1304741

Öz

Bu çalışmada, sosyal değerlerin ve demografik karakteristiklerin Türkiye'deki göçmenlere yönelik tutumlar üzerindeki etkisini bulmak amaçlanmıştır. Ampirik analiz için World Values Survey’in 7. dalga verileri kullanılmıştır. 2018 yılına ait birey düzeyindeki veriler, göçmenlere yönelik olumsuz tutumların artmasında din ve milliyetçiliğin kilit rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Bireylerin sosyal sınıfı iyileştikçe, göçmen karşıtı düşünceleri azalma eğilimindedir. Ancak, işgücü piyasasındaki kıt iş olanakları üzerinde potansiyel bir rekabet endişesi ortaya çıktığında, sosyal sınıf sıçramaları göçmenlere karşı ayrımcılıkla sonuçlanmaktadır. Siyasi görüş, eğitim, yaş ve medeni durum için logit regresyon katsayıları istatistiksel olarak sağlam değildir. Olumsuz tutumlara dair farklı bağımlı değişkenler kullanıldığında bu katsayıların istatistiksel anlamlılıkları değişmektedir. Dolayısıyla, demografik özellikler Türkiye'de göçe yönelik düşünceleri sistematik olarak etkilememektedir. Daha çok, değerler ve toplumdaki sosyoekonomik konum göçmenlere yönelik görüşler üzerinde etkilidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göçmenler, Göç, Din, Milliyetçilik, Sosyoekonomik Değerler

What are the Determinants of Attitudes Towards Immigrants in Turkey? Evidence from the World Values Survey

Öz

In this study, I aim to find the impact of social values and demographic characteristics on attitudes toward immigrants in Turkey. For the empirical analysis, wave 7 data from the World Values Survey (WVS) is used. Individual-level data from 2018 shows that religion and nationalism play a key role in increasing negative attitudes toward immigrants. As individuals' social class improves, their anti-immigrant sentiments tend to decrease. However, when there is concern about potential competition for scarce jobs in the labor market, social class jumps result in discrimination against immigrants. The logit regression coefficients for political opinion, education, age and marital status do not show robust results in different models using different measures of negative attitudes. Thus, demographic characteristics do not systematically influence opinions toward immigration in Turkey. Rather, values and socioeconomic position in society have an impact on opinions toward immigrants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Immigrants, Immigration, Religion, Nationalism, Socioeconomic Values

Kaynakça

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