9-12 YAŞ ERKEK YÜZÜCÜLERDE 8 HAFTALIK PLİOMETRİK ANTRENMANIN SPRİNT YÜZME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı; 9-12 yaş arası erkek yüzücülerde, 8 hafta boyunca, yüzme egzersizine ek olarak kombine bir şekilde uygulanan pliometrik egzersizin, sprint yüzme performansı üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmaya 20 erkek sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar deney grubu (n: 9) ve kontrol grubu (n: 9) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmışlardır. Deney grubuna pliometrik egzersiz öncesi adaptasyon için haftalık antrenman programına ek olarak 3 haftalık genel kuvvet egzersizi uygulandıktan sonra 8 hafta boyunca haftalık antrenman programına ek olarak pliometrik egzersiz yaptırılmıştır. Pliometrik egzersiz 72 saat aralıklarla ve haftada 2 gün olacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. Pliometrik egzersizler 2 saatlik antrenman seansının ilk saatine entegre edilerek uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubu yalnızca haftalık antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Yüzücülere 8 haftalık pliometrik egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası 25 m ve 50 m serbest stil yüzme performans ölçümü uygulanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Windows için SPSS 22 paket program kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada testler arasındaki farklılıkların belirlenmesi amacıyla bağımsız örneklem t testi ve eşleştirilmiş örneklem t testi analizi kullanılmıştır Yapılan 8 haftalık antrenman periyodu sonrasında; yüzme antrenmanına entegre edilmiş bir şekilde pliometrik egzersiz uygulayan, deney grubu sporcularının, 25 m serbest stil yüzme ve 50 m serbest stil yüzme performanslarında gelişme gözlemlenmiştir. Yalnızca yüzme antrenmanı uygulayan kontrol grubu sporcularının ise, 25 m serbest stil yüzme ve 50 m serbest stil yüzme performanslarında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ergenlik öncesi dönemdeki erkek yüzücülerde pliometrik egzersizin sprint yüzme performansını geliştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalarda; ergenlik öncesi dönemdeki yüzücüler üzerinde farklı kuvvet antrenmanlarının, yüzücülerin performansı üzerine etkileri araştırılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plyometric training
• combined training
• sprint swimming
• pre-adolescence

EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF AN 8-WEEK PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON SPRINT SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN MALE SWIMMERS AGED 9-12 YEARS

Öz

The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of combining plyometric exercises with swimming exercises on the sprint swimming performance of male swimmers aged 9–12 over an 8-week period. 20 athletes participated in the study voluntarily, but 2 athletes voluntarily left the study during the testing phase. Participants were divided into two groups: the study group (n = 9) and the control group (n = 9). The study group underwent 3 weeks of general strength training as part of their weekly training programme to adapt before starting plyometric training. After the adaptation period, the group continued with plyometric training for 8 weeks, in addition to their weekly training programme. Plyometric training was applied at 72-hour intervals, twice a week, and was integrated into the first hour of the 2-hour training session. The control group only continued their weekly training. The SPSS 22 package programme for Windows was used to evaluate the data. In the study, independent sample t-tests and paired sample t-tests were used to determine the differences between the tests. 25- and 50-m freestyle swimming performance measurements were taken from swimmers before and after 8 weeks of plyometric training. After the 8-week training period, a significant difference was observed in the 25- and 50-m freestyle swimming performances of the athletes in the study group who incorporated plyometric exercises into their swimming training. No significant difference was found in the 25- and 50-m freestyle swimming performances of the control group athletes who only underwent swimming training. The results obtained from this study showed that plyometric exercise improved sprint swimming performance in pre-adolescent male swimmers. In light of this information, future studies can investigate the effects of different strength training programmes on performance in pre-adolescent swimmers

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