COMPARISON OF BREASTSTROKE AND BUTTERFLY FINALISTS' PERFORMANCES OVER THREE YEARS IN THE WORLD LONG COURSE SWIMMING CHAMPIONSHIPS

Öz

The study aimed to compare performance parameters (age, reaction time, finishing time, FINA points, speed, lap times, and lap speeds) of breaststroke and butterfly finalists at the World Swimming Championships organized in the last three years. In the study, the finalists (n=69 women, n=77 men) in the 50 meters (m), 100 m and 200 m butterfly and breaststroke events at the World Long Course Swimming Championships held in 2022, 2023 and 2024 were analysed. The results of the races analysed in the study were obtained from the publicly available World Aquatics website. All data derived from the MS Excel 16.0 file were transferred to the IBM SPSS Statistics 24.00 analysis programme. The age, reaction time, finishing time, points, speed, lap time and lap speed of the finalists in 50 m, 100 m, 200 m butterfly and breaststroke events, according to the World Championships held in three different years, were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The Bonferroni post hoc test was used to determine the differences between the variables, with the significance level set at p < 0.05. Significant differences were found in women's and men's 200 m breaststroke and butterfly points, women's 200 m butterfly, and men's 50 m and 100 m butterfly finishing times. A statistically significant difference was observed between 2022 and 2024 in the second lap time and speed of men's 100 m breaststroke. A significant difference was observed in the 200 m butterfly first lap time and speed of men between 2022 and 2024. A difference was observed in the second lap time of women's 200 m butterfly and speed between the years. Consequently, it was established that the speed, finishing time, lap time, lap speed, points in butterfly and breaststroke events exhibited fluctuations in the World Championships over the past three years, whereas there was no discernible change in reaction time. The findings show that the changes in butterfly and breaststroke styles do not show a regular development over the years and the differences in training methods may have contributed to these results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• World Aquatics
• breastroke
• butterfly
• race analyses

DÜNYA UZUN KULVAR YÜZME ŞAMPİYONASINDA KURBAĞALAMA VE KELEBEK FİNALİSTLERİNİN ÜÇ YIL BOYUNCA GÖSTERDİKLERİ PERFORMANSLARIN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, son üç yılda düzenlenen Dünya Yüzme Şampiyonalarında kurbağalama ve kelebek finalistlerinin performans parametrelerini (yaş, reaksiyon zamanı, bitiş zamanı, FINA puanları, hız, tur zamanları ve tur hızları) karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmada, 2022, 2023 ve 2024 yıllarında düzenlenen Dünya Uzun Kulvar Yüzme Şampiyonası'nda 50 metre (m), 100 m ve 200 m kelebek ve kurbağalama yarışlarında yer alan finalistler (n=69 kadın, n=77 erkek) analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada analiz edilen yarışların sonuçları kamuya açık “World Aquatics” web sitesinden elde edilmiştir. MS Excel 16.0 dosyasından elde edilen tüm veriler IBM SPSS Statistics 24.00 analiz programına aktarılmıştır. Üç farklı yılda düzenlenen Dünya Şampiyonalarına göre 50 m, 100 m, 200 m kelebek ve kurbağalama yarışlarındaki finalistlerin yaş, reaksiyon zamanı, bitiş zamanı, puan, hız, tur zamanı ve tur hızı tek yönlü ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için Bonferroni post hoc testi kullanılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kadın ve erkeklerin 200 m kurbağalama ve kelebek puanlarında, kadınların 200 m kelebek ve erkeklerin 50 m ve 100 m kelebek bitiş zamanlarında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Erkekler 100 m kurbağalama ikinci tur zamanı ve hızında 2022 ve 2024 yılları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmiştir. Erkeklerin 200 m kelebek ilk tur süresi ve hızında 2022 ve 2024 yılları arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlenmiştir. Kadınların 200 m kelebek ikinci tur süresinde ve hızında yıllar arasında farklılık bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, kelebek ve kurbağalama yarışlarında hız, bitiş zamanı, tur zamanı, tur hızı ve puanların son üç yılda Dünya Şampiyonalarında dalgalanmalar gösterdiği, reaksiyon süresinde ise belirgin bir değişiklik olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, kelebek ve kurbağalama stillerinde yıllara bağlı olarak değişikliklerin düzenli bir gelişim göstermediğini ve antrenman yöntemlerindeki farkların bu sonuçlara katkı sağlamış olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dünya Su Sporları
• kurbağalama
• kelebek
• yarış analizleri

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