INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAMSTRING STRENGTH AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE ACROSS VARIOUS SPORTS DISCIPLINES

Öz

This study primarily aims to [1] investigate the relationship between hamstring muscle strength and vertical jump performance in athletes from football, volleyball, basketball, handball, and individual sports and [2] identify differences in eccentric hamstring strength based on athletes' performance indicators. A total of 107 athletes aged 18-22 years, engaging in exercise 3 to 5 days per week with no history of injuries in the past six months, participated in the study. Vertical jump performance was measured using the iVMES Athlete device, while eccentric hamstring muscle strength was assessed with the iVMES H-BORD system. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 23. Skewness and kurtosis values between -2 and +2 were used to confirm normal data distribution. One-way ANOVA was applied for comparisons among three or more variables, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to evaluate relationships between variables, and frequency analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of variables. Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, were calculated, and a significance level of p <.05 was adopted for all analyses. The results revealed a significant relationship between unilateral (right-left leg) hamstring strength and the corresponding leg’s vertical jump performance. Football players demonstrated significantly higher hamstring strength compared to athletes from other sports disciplines. This finding suggests that the demands for high-speed and explosive movements in football may promote hamstring muscle development. The study highlights the differences in hamstring strength among athletes in different sports and underscores the critical role of hamstring muscle strength in vertical jump performance. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of sport-specific training programs in improving athletes' hamstring strength and jump performance. Future research is recommended to examine the long-term impact of hamstring strength imbalances on injury risk in greater detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hamstring strength
• vertical jump
• performance
• soccer
• volleyball
• basketball

ÇEŞİTLİ SPOR BRANŞLARINDA HAMSTRİNG KUVVETİ İLE DİKEY SIÇRAMA PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, öncelikli olarak [1] futbol, voleybol, basketbol, hentbol ve bireysel spor dallarındaki sporcularda hamstring kas kuvveti ile dikey sıçrama performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi ve [2] sporcuların performans göstergeleri doğrultusunda hamstring eksantrik kuvvet farklılıklarını tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya 18-22 yaş aralığında, haftada 3 ila 5 gün egzersiz yapan, en az 6 aydır yaralanma geçmişi bulunmayan 107 sporcu katılmıştır. Çalışmada, sporcuların dikey sıçrama performansı (İvmes Athlete) ve eksantrik hamstring kas kuvveti (iVMES H-BORD) ölçülmüştür. Verilerin analizi SPSS 23 programı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Normal dağılımı test etmek amacıyla çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri +2 ile -2 aralığında kabul edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Üç veya daha fazla değişkenin karşılaştırılması için tek yönlü ANOVA testi, değişkenler arası ilişkileri incelemek amacıyla pearson korelasyon kat sayısı analizi ve değişkenlerin frekans dağılımını belirlemek için frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Verilerin tanımlayıcı istatistikleri hesaplanmış ve ortalama ile standart sapma değerleri analiz edilmiştir. Tüm analizlerde anlamlılık düzeyi p < .05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, tek taraflı (sağ-sol bacak) hamstring kuvveti ile ilgili bacakların sıçrama performansı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Futbolcuların hamstring kuvvetlerinin, diğer spor dallarındaki sporculardan belirgin şekilde daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgu, futbolda yüksek hız ve patlayıcı hareket gereksinimlerinin hamstring kaslarının gelişimini teşvik edebileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma sonuçları, farklı spor branşlarındaki sporcular arasında hamstring kuvvetindeki farklılıkları ortaya koymaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, hamstring kas kuvvetinin dikey sıçrama performansı üzerindeki kritik rolünü vurgulamakta ve spor dalına özgü antrenman programlarının, sporcuların hamstring kuvveti ile sıçrama performansları üzerindeki etkisini göstermektedir. Gelecek çalışmaların, hamstring kuvveti dengesizliklerinin uzun vadeli yaralanma riski üzerindeki etkilerini daha ayrıntılı incelemesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hamstring kuvveti
• dikey sıçrama
• performans
• futbol
• voleybol
• basketbol

Kaynakça

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