Araştırma Makalesi
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U14 Yaş Grubu Futbolcuların Çift Kariyer Deneyimleri

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1 , 90 - 107 , 30.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.61962/bsd.1886081
https://izlik.org/JA32SY49CE

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, U14 yaş kategorisinde oynayan futbolcuların LGS hazırlığı ile eş zamanlı olarak yaşadıkları çift kariyer deneyimlerini keşfetmektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırmada fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Ölçüt örnekleme ile belirlenen, Ankara’da profesyonel kulüp altyapılarında en az iki yıldır lisanslı olan, U14 gelişim liginde oynayan ve LGS’ye hazırlanan 10 futbolcu araştırmaya katılmıştır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle kodlanmış ardından temalara dönüştürülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, “Zaman Yönetimi ve Günlük Rutinler”, “Zorluklar ve Stres Kaynakları”, “Destek Sistemleri ve Sosyal Çevre”, “Ergenlik ve Kimlik Gelişimi”, “Gelecek Planları” ve “Futbolun Katkıları” olarak altı tema altında toplanmıştır. Katılımcılar yoğun bir okul–antrenman döngüsü içinde ciddi fiziksel ve mental yorgunluk yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Aile desteği merkezi bir rol oynamakla birlikte, kulüplerin akademik destek sunmaması ve okulların gerekli esnek düzenlemeleri sağlamaması önemli bir yapısal eksiklik olarak saptanmıştır. Tüm sporcular kendilerini öncelikli olarak futbolcu kimliğiyle tanımlarken, hepsi profesyonel futbolcu olmayı hedeflemiş ve eğitimi bir güvence olarak değerlendirmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, çift kariyer süreçlerinin yüksek talep, rol çatışması ve sınırlı kurumsal destek nedeniyle zorlayıcı olduğunu; sürdürülebilirliğin ise aile–okul–kulüp iş birliğini güçlendiren, akademik esneklik ve destek programlarını içeren çok paydaşlı politikalarla mümkün olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aquilina, D. (2013). A study of the relationship between elite athletes’ educational development and sporting performance. İnternati̇onal Journal Of The Hi̇story Of Sport, 30(4), 374–392. Araújo, C. G. S., & Scharhag, J. (2016). Athlete: A working definition for medical and health sciences research. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 26(1), 4-7.
  • Aunola, K., Selänne, A., Selänne, H., & Ryba, T. V. (2018). The role of adolescent athletes' task value patterns in their educational and athletic career aspirations. Learning and Individual Differences, 63, 34-43.
  • Bussmann, G., Alfermann, D., & Hackfort, D. (1994). Drop-out and the female athlete: A study with track-and-field athletes. Psycho-Social Issues and Interventions in Elite Sport, 89-128.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. (S. B. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.
  • Cosh, S., & Tully, P. J. (2015). Stressors, coping, and support mechanisms for student athletes combining elite sport and tertiary education: Implications for practice. The Sport Psychologist, 29(2), 120-133.
  • Çakır, R. (2022). Türkiye'deki çift kariyerli öğrencilerin spora bağlılığı [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Giresun Üni̇versi̇tesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Çuhadaroğlu, F. (2000). Ergenlik döneminde psikolojik gelişim özellikleri. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi, 21(6), 863-868.
  • De Brandt, K. (2017). A holistic perspective on student-athletes’ dual career demands, competencies, and outcomes. PhD Diss Vrije Universiteit Brussel.
  • De Maio, M., Montenegro, S., Papale, O., Serafini, S., Prestanti, I., Izzicupo, P., ... & Fusco, A. (2025). A scoping review of student Athletes’ perspectives on dual career policies, provisions and challenges. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 7, 1566208.
  • Doğusan, S. N. (2024). Üst düzey Türk sporcuların çift kariyer deneyimlerinin holistik perspektiften incelenmesi [Doktora tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • European Commission. (2012). EU guidelines on dual careers of athletes. http://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/sport/library/documents/dual-career-guidelines-final_en.pdf
  • Ferrante, A. P., & Etzel, E. F. (2009). College student-athletes and counseling services in the new millennium. Counseling and psychological services for college student-athletes, 1-49.
  • Gerber, M., Lang, C., Brand, S., Gygax, B., Ludyga, S., Müller, C., ... & Jakowski, S. (2022). Perceived recovery and stress states as predictors of depressive, burnout, and insomnia symptoms among adolescent elite athletes. Sports Psychiatry.
  • Glesne C. (2020). Nitel araştırmaya giriş. (A. Ersoy ve P. Yalçınoğlu, Çev.). Anı Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Graczyk, M., Wylleman, P. I., Nawrocka, A., Atroszko, P. A., Moska, W., Tomiak, T., & Krzysztofiak, H. (2017). The importance of the type of sport and life experience in the dual career in elite sport based on the analysis of Poland. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 9(4), 11.
  • Henriksen, K., Storm, L. K., Kuettel, A., Linnér, L., & Stambulova, N. (2020). A holistic ecological approach to sport and study: The case of an athlete friendly university in Denmark. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 101637.
  • Jiang, X., & Wang, K. (2025). Exploring relationships between identities, dual career competency, and burnout among young talented athletes. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 190.
  • Kimball, A., & Freysinger, V. J. (2003). Leisure, stress, and coping: The sport participation of collegiate student-athletes. Leisure Sciences, 25(2-3), 115-141.
  • Knight, C. J., Harwood, C. G., & Sellars, P. A. (2018). Ergen sporcuların çift kariyerini desteklemek: Bir sporcunun sosyal destek ağının rolü. Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi, 38, 137-147.
  • Koçak, F., Yaşar Sönmez, B., & Doğusan, S. N. (2023). Türkiye’de çift kariyer yolunda öğrenci sporcular: Eğitim mi spor mu ikilemi? Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 243-263.
  • Kuokkanen, J., Romar, J. E., & Hirvensalo, M. (2022). Toward adjustment profiles for lower secondary student-athletes in the Finnish dual career context: A mixed-methods approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 58, 102065.
  • Kuokkanen, J., Saarinen, M., Romar, J. E., & De Brandt, K. (2025). “I can join a sport class, but school has to come first”: adolescent athletes’ dual career construction styles in lower secondary sport schools. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 23(7), 1189-1206.
  • Lally, P. S., & Kerr, G. A. (2005). The career planning, athletic identity, and student role identity of intercollegiate student athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(3), 275-285.
  • Li, M., & Sum, R. K. W. (2017). A meta-synthesis of elite athletes’ experiences in dual career development. Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science, 6(2), 99-117.
  • Love, M. (2019). Creating scholar athletes: Investigating the academic support provided to high school student athletes in southern California high schools [Master's thesis]. Loyola Marymount University.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel Araştırma. (S. Turan, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Merriam SB. (2018). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Ohla, N., Erikstad, M., & Sæther, S. A. (2025). Athlete transitions in a Norwegian professional football academy: Transition experiences and parental support. Soccer & Society, 26(5), 850-861.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel Araştırma ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Relvas, H., Littlewood, M., Nesti, M., Gilbourne, D., & Richardson, D. (2010). Organizational structures and working practices in elite European professional football clubs: Understanding the relationship between youth and professional domains. European Sport Management Quarterly, 10(2), 165-187.
  • Ronkainen, N. J., Ryba, T. V., & Selänne, H. (2019). “She is where I’d want to be in my career”: Youth athletes’ role models and their implications for career and identity construction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 45, 101562.
  • Ryba, T. V., Stambulova, N. B., Selänne, H., Aunola, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2017). “Sport has always been first for me” but “all my free time is spent doing homework”: Dual career styles in late adolescence. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 33, 131-140.
  • Semiz, K. (2018). Okul ve spor bir arada gider mi? Üniversite sporcu-öğrencilerinin ihtiyaç analizi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(2), 123-133.
  • Stambulova, N., Franck, A., & Weibull, F. (2012). Assessment of the transition from junior-to-senior sports in Swedish athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10(2), 79-95.
  • Stambulova, N., & Harwood, C. (2022). A “dual career”: Combining sport and studies. Frontiers for Young Minds, 10, 692422.
  • Stambulova, N., & Wylleman, P. (2014). Athletes' career development and transitions. In Routledge companion to sport and exercise psychology (pp. 605-620). Routledge.
  • Stambulova, N. B., & Wylleman, P. (2019). Psychology of athletes' dual careers: A state-of-the-art critical review of the European discourse. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, 74-88.
  • Taş, Z. (2024). Experiences of student athletes with dual career regarding official leave problems in formal higher education. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(3), 10-30.
  • Urhan, Ş., & Fişne, M. (2022). Çift kariyer yapan milli sporcu öğrencilerin yaşadıkları problemlerin incelenmesi. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 59-67.
  • Wylleman, P., De Knop, P., & Reints, A. (2013). Transitions in competitive sports. In Lifelong engagement in sport and physical activity (pp. 63-76). Routledge.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yıldırım A., Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık. Ankara.

U14 Age Group Footballers' Dual Career Experiences

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1 , 90 - 107 , 30.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.61962/bsd.1886081
https://izlik.org/JA32SY49CE

Öz

This study looks at the experiences of U14 football players who are also getting ready for the LGS exam. The research used a qualitative method with a phenomenological design. Ten football players took part. They were chosen because they had a license for at least two years in youth academies of professional clubs in Ankara, played in the U14 development league, and were preparing for the LGS. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed and turned into themes. The findings were grouped into six themes: "Time Management and Daily Routines," "Challenges and Sources of Stress," "Support Systems and Social Environment," "Adolescence and Identity Development," "Future Plans," and "Contributions of Football." The players felt a lot of physical and mental tiredness from balancing school and training. Family support was important, but there was not enough academic help from clubs and schools were not flexible enough. All players saw themselves mainly as football players and wanted to become professionals, but they also valued education as a backup. The study shows that managing both school and sports is hard due to high demands, role conflicts, and lack of support. However, it might be possible with better cooperation between families, schools, and clubs, and with more academic flexibility and support programs.

Kaynakça

  • Aquilina, D. (2013). A study of the relationship between elite athletes’ educational development and sporting performance. İnternati̇onal Journal Of The Hi̇story Of Sport, 30(4), 374–392. Araújo, C. G. S., & Scharhag, J. (2016). Athlete: A working definition for medical and health sciences research. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 26(1), 4-7.
  • Aunola, K., Selänne, A., Selänne, H., & Ryba, T. V. (2018). The role of adolescent athletes' task value patterns in their educational and athletic career aspirations. Learning and Individual Differences, 63, 34-43.
  • Bussmann, G., Alfermann, D., & Hackfort, D. (1994). Drop-out and the female athlete: A study with track-and-field athletes. Psycho-Social Issues and Interventions in Elite Sport, 89-128.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. (S. B. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.
  • Cosh, S., & Tully, P. J. (2015). Stressors, coping, and support mechanisms for student athletes combining elite sport and tertiary education: Implications for practice. The Sport Psychologist, 29(2), 120-133.
  • Çakır, R. (2022). Türkiye'deki çift kariyerli öğrencilerin spora bağlılığı [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Giresun Üni̇versi̇tesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Çuhadaroğlu, F. (2000). Ergenlik döneminde psikolojik gelişim özellikleri. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi, 21(6), 863-868.
  • De Brandt, K. (2017). A holistic perspective on student-athletes’ dual career demands, competencies, and outcomes. PhD Diss Vrije Universiteit Brussel.
  • De Maio, M., Montenegro, S., Papale, O., Serafini, S., Prestanti, I., Izzicupo, P., ... & Fusco, A. (2025). A scoping review of student Athletes’ perspectives on dual career policies, provisions and challenges. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 7, 1566208.
  • Doğusan, S. N. (2024). Üst düzey Türk sporcuların çift kariyer deneyimlerinin holistik perspektiften incelenmesi [Doktora tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • European Commission. (2012). EU guidelines on dual careers of athletes. http://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/sport/library/documents/dual-career-guidelines-final_en.pdf
  • Ferrante, A. P., & Etzel, E. F. (2009). College student-athletes and counseling services in the new millennium. Counseling and psychological services for college student-athletes, 1-49.
  • Gerber, M., Lang, C., Brand, S., Gygax, B., Ludyga, S., Müller, C., ... & Jakowski, S. (2022). Perceived recovery and stress states as predictors of depressive, burnout, and insomnia symptoms among adolescent elite athletes. Sports Psychiatry.
  • Glesne C. (2020). Nitel araştırmaya giriş. (A. Ersoy ve P. Yalçınoğlu, Çev.). Anı Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Graczyk, M., Wylleman, P. I., Nawrocka, A., Atroszko, P. A., Moska, W., Tomiak, T., & Krzysztofiak, H. (2017). The importance of the type of sport and life experience in the dual career in elite sport based on the analysis of Poland. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 9(4), 11.
  • Henriksen, K., Storm, L. K., Kuettel, A., Linnér, L., & Stambulova, N. (2020). A holistic ecological approach to sport and study: The case of an athlete friendly university in Denmark. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 101637.
  • Jiang, X., & Wang, K. (2025). Exploring relationships between identities, dual career competency, and burnout among young talented athletes. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 190.
  • Kimball, A., & Freysinger, V. J. (2003). Leisure, stress, and coping: The sport participation of collegiate student-athletes. Leisure Sciences, 25(2-3), 115-141.
  • Knight, C. J., Harwood, C. G., & Sellars, P. A. (2018). Ergen sporcuların çift kariyerini desteklemek: Bir sporcunun sosyal destek ağının rolü. Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi, 38, 137-147.
  • Koçak, F., Yaşar Sönmez, B., & Doğusan, S. N. (2023). Türkiye’de çift kariyer yolunda öğrenci sporcular: Eğitim mi spor mu ikilemi? Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 243-263.
  • Kuokkanen, J., Romar, J. E., & Hirvensalo, M. (2022). Toward adjustment profiles for lower secondary student-athletes in the Finnish dual career context: A mixed-methods approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 58, 102065.
  • Kuokkanen, J., Saarinen, M., Romar, J. E., & De Brandt, K. (2025). “I can join a sport class, but school has to come first”: adolescent athletes’ dual career construction styles in lower secondary sport schools. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 23(7), 1189-1206.
  • Lally, P. S., & Kerr, G. A. (2005). The career planning, athletic identity, and student role identity of intercollegiate student athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(3), 275-285.
  • Li, M., & Sum, R. K. W. (2017). A meta-synthesis of elite athletes’ experiences in dual career development. Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science, 6(2), 99-117.
  • Love, M. (2019). Creating scholar athletes: Investigating the academic support provided to high school student athletes in southern California high schools [Master's thesis]. Loyola Marymount University.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel Araştırma. (S. Turan, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Merriam SB. (2018). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Ohla, N., Erikstad, M., & Sæther, S. A. (2025). Athlete transitions in a Norwegian professional football academy: Transition experiences and parental support. Soccer & Society, 26(5), 850-861.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel Araştırma ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Relvas, H., Littlewood, M., Nesti, M., Gilbourne, D., & Richardson, D. (2010). Organizational structures and working practices in elite European professional football clubs: Understanding the relationship between youth and professional domains. European Sport Management Quarterly, 10(2), 165-187.
  • Ronkainen, N. J., Ryba, T. V., & Selänne, H. (2019). “She is where I’d want to be in my career”: Youth athletes’ role models and their implications for career and identity construction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 45, 101562.
  • Ryba, T. V., Stambulova, N. B., Selänne, H., Aunola, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2017). “Sport has always been first for me” but “all my free time is spent doing homework”: Dual career styles in late adolescence. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 33, 131-140.
  • Semiz, K. (2018). Okul ve spor bir arada gider mi? Üniversite sporcu-öğrencilerinin ihtiyaç analizi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(2), 123-133.
  • Stambulova, N., Franck, A., & Weibull, F. (2012). Assessment of the transition from junior-to-senior sports in Swedish athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10(2), 79-95.
  • Stambulova, N., & Harwood, C. (2022). A “dual career”: Combining sport and studies. Frontiers for Young Minds, 10, 692422.
  • Stambulova, N., & Wylleman, P. (2014). Athletes' career development and transitions. In Routledge companion to sport and exercise psychology (pp. 605-620). Routledge.
  • Stambulova, N. B., & Wylleman, P. (2019). Psychology of athletes' dual careers: A state-of-the-art critical review of the European discourse. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, 74-88.
  • Taş, Z. (2024). Experiences of student athletes with dual career regarding official leave problems in formal higher education. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(3), 10-30.
  • Urhan, Ş., & Fişne, M. (2022). Çift kariyer yapan milli sporcu öğrencilerin yaşadıkları problemlerin incelenmesi. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 59-67.
  • Wylleman, P., De Knop, P., & Reints, A. (2013). Transitions in competitive sports. In Lifelong engagement in sport and physical activity (pp. 63-76). Routledge.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yıldırım A., Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık. Ankara.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Pedagojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Esma Yilmaz 0009-0005-1206-3660

Hidayet Suha Yüksel 0000-0002-3841-6568

Sevda Akbulut İnan 0000-0001-9523-4894

Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Şubat 2026
Kabul Tarihi 18 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.61962/bsd.1886081
IZ https://izlik.org/JA32SY49CE
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yilmaz, E., Yüksel, H. S., & Akbulut İnan, S. (2026). U14 Yaş Grubu Futbolcuların Çift Kariyer Deneyimleri. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(1), 90-107. https://doi.org/10.61962/bsd.1886081

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