AEROBİK YÜZME ANTRENMANLARININ SEDANTER KADINLARDA BAZI FİZİKSEL VE FİZYOLOJİK PARAMETRELERE ETKİLERİ

Öz

Sedanter kadınlarda 6 haftalık aerobik yüzme antrenmanlarının vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı fizyolojik parametreler üzerine etkisinin değerlendirildiği çalışmanın örneklemini 19-47 yaşlarındaki 21 gönüllü kadın oluşturdu. Aerobik yüzme antrenmanlarının öncesinde ve sonrasında deneklerin boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ yüzdesi, endomorfi, mezomorfi, ektomorfi ve vital kapasite gibi vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı fizyolojik parametrelerini belirlemeye yönelik ölçümler gerçekleştirildi. Yapılan istatistiki analizlerden deneklerin vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı fizyolojik parametrelerine ilişkin ön test ve son test sonuçları arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı bulgusu elde edildi p>0.05 . Bu bulgudan 6 haftalık aerobik yüzme antrenmanlarının sedanter kadınlarının vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı fizyolojik parametreleri üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu nedenle daha uzun süreli ve kapsamı daha geniş aerobik yüzme antrenmanların sedanter kadınların vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı fizyolojik parametrelerinin gelişimine katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sedanter,yüzme,aerobik egzersiz,vücut kompozisyonu,fizyolojik parametre

AEROBIC SWIMMING TRAINING’S EFFECTS ON SOME PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN SEDANTARY WOMEN

Öz

The sample of the present research, which studies the effects of 6-week aerobic swimming training on the body composition and some physiological parameters among sedentary women, consists of 21 volunteering 19-47 years old women. Before and after aerobic swimming training, some measurements such as height, body weight, body fat percentage, endomorphy, mesomorphy, ectomorphy and vital capacity were taken in order to define body composition and some physiological parameters of the participants. According to the statistical analyses, there aren’t any significant differences between pre-test and post-test body composition and some physiological parameters of the participants p>0.05 . Accordingly, 6-week aerobic swimming training doesn’t have a significant effect on body composition and some physiological parameters among sedentary women. For this reason, it is considered that longer term and more comprehensive aerobic swimming trainings can contribute to the development of body composition and some physiological parameters among sedentary women

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sedentary,swimming,aerobic exercise,body composition,physiological parameter

Kaynakça

1. 1. Anderson, M., Hopkins, W., Roberts, A., & Pyne, D. (2008). Ability of test measures to predict competitive performance in elite swimmers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(2), 123-130.
2. 2. Barbosa, T.M., Costa, M., Marinho, D.A., Coelho, J., Moreira, M., & Silva, A.J. (2010). Modeling the links between young swimmers' performance: energetic and biomechanic profiles. Pediatric Exercise Science, 22(3), 379.
3. 3. De Mello Vitor, F., & Silveira Böhme, M. T. (2010).Performance of young male swimmers in the 100-meters front crawl. Pediatric Exercise Science, 22(2), 278.
4. 4. Figueiredo, P., Zamparo, P., Sousa, A., Vilas-Boas, J. P., & Fernandes, R.J. (2011). An energy balance of the 200 m front crawl race. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(5), 767-777.
5. 5. Gastin, P.B. (2001). Energy system interaction and relative contribution during maximal exercise. Sports Medicine, 31(10), 725-741.
6. 6. Gobatto, C.A., De Mello, M.A.R., Sibuya, C.Y., De Azevedo, J.R.M., Dos Santos, L.A., & Kokubun, E. (2001). Maximal lactate steady state in rats submitted to swimming exercise. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 130(1), 21-27.
7. 7. Grasgruber, P., & Cacek, J. (2008). Sportovnígeny. Antropometrie a fyziologiesportů. Sport a rasa. Doping.
8. 8. Jebb, S.A., Cole, T.J., Doman, D., Murgatroyd, P.R., & Prentice, M. (2000). Evaluation of the novel Tanita body-fat analyser to measure body composition by comparison with a four-compartment model. British Journal of Nutrition, 83,115-122.

9. 9. Joyner, M.J., & Coyle, E.F. (2008). Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions. The Journal of Physiology, 586(1), 35-44.
10. 10. Jurimae, J., Haljaste, K., Cicchella, A., Latt, E., Purge, P., Leppik, A., &Jurimae, T. (2007).Analysis of swimming performance from physical, physiological, and biomechanical parameters in young swimmers. Pediatric Exercise Science, 19(1), 70.
11. 11. Kürkçü, R., Hazar, F., Özdağ, S. (2009). Futbolcuların vücut kompozisyonu, vücut bileşenleri ve somatotip özellikleri üzerine bir çalışma. Niğde Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 113-119.
12. 12. Libicz, S., Roels, B., & Millet, G. P. (2005). Responses to intermittent swimming sets at velocity associated with max. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 30(5), 543-553.
13. 13. Maglischo, E. W. (2003). Swimming fastest. Human Kinetics.
14. 14. Morais, J.E., Garrido, N.D., Marques, M.C., Silva, A. J., Marinho, D.A., & Barbosa, T.M. (2013).The influence of anthropometric, kinematic and energetic variables and gender on swimming performance in youth athletes. Journal of Human Kinetics, 39(1), 203-211.
15. 15. Okičić, T., Ahmetović, Z., Madić, D., Dopsaj, M., & Aleksandrović, M. (2007). Plivanje-praktikum. Niš: Autonomous edition of authors.
16. 16. Olbrecht, J. (2015). The science of winning: planning, periodizing and optimizing swim training. F&G Partners.
17. 17. Özer, K. (2009). Kinantropometri ve sporda morfolojik planlama (2. Baskı.). Ankara: Nobel. [InTurkish]
18. 18. Petersen, H.L., Peterson, C.T., Reddy, M.B., Hanson, K.B., Swain, J.H., Sharp, R.L., & Alekel, D.L. (2006). Body composition, dietary intake, and iron status of female collegiate swimmers and divers. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 16(3), 281.
19. 19. Pietraszewska, J., &Jakubowski, W. (2013).Use of different methods for testing morphological characteristics and evaluation of body tissue composition of swimmers. Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine, 1(3).
20. 20. Sideravičiūtė, S., Gailiūniene, A., Visagurskiene, K., & Vizbaraite, D. (2006). The effect of long-term swimming program on body composition, aerobic capacity and blood lipids in 14-19-year aged healthy girls and girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Medicina (Kaunas), 42(8).
21. 21. Smerecká, V. (2014). Kinanthropometric parameters of swimmers placed in talented youth groups. Česká Kinantropologie/Czech Kinanthropology/, 18(3).
22. 22. Sperlich, B., Zinner, C., Heilemann, I., Kjendlie, P.L., Holmberg, H.C., & Mester, J. (2010). High-intensity interval training improves VO2peak, maximal lactate accumulation, time trial and competition performance in 9–11-year-old swimmers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 110 (5), 1029-1036.
23. 23. Tamer, K. (2000). Sporda fiziksel ve fizyolojik performansın ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilnesi (2. Baskı). Ankara: Bağırgan.
24. 24. Ünveren, Ş.Ş., Cengiz, A., & Karavelioğlu, M.B. (2013).The Effect of Regular Basketball Education on Children's Some Anthropometric Parameters and Vertical Jump. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 15(3), 7-10.
25. 25. Vongsavan, N., & Matthews, B. (1993).Some aspect of the use of the laser Doppler flow meters for recording tissue blood flow, Experimental Physiology, 78, 1-14.
26. 26. Warburton, D. E., Nicol, C. W., & Bredin, S. S. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. Canadian M edical Association Journal, 174(6), 801- 809.
27. 27. Zarzeczny, R., Kuberski, M., Deska, A., Zarzeczna, D., Rydz, K., Lewandowska, A., ...& Bosiacki, J. (2011). Effects of 8-week training on aerobic capacity and swimming performance of boys aged 12 years. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 3, 49-52.