FUTBOLCULARDA E VITAMINI KULLANIMININ OKSIDAN VE ANTIOKSIDAN KAPASITE ÜZERINE ETKISI

Öz

Bu çalışmada E vitamininin futbolcularda oksidan ve antioksidan kapasite üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada, 15 antrenmanlı futbolcudan oluşan deney grubu ve 12 erkekten oluşan kontrol grubu olmak üzere toplamda 27 erkek gönüllü olarak yer aldı. Fiziksel özelliklerin belirlenmesi için vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksi parametrelerine bakıldı. Fizyolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi için sistolik ve diastolik kan basıncı, kalp atım hızı ve oksijen saturasyonu değerlerine bakıldı. Total antioksidan kapasite, tiyobarbitürik asit-reaktif substans, kreatin kinaz ve laktat dehidrojenaz aktiviteleri değerlendirildi. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada, egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası fiziksel ve fizyolojik bulgularda herhangi bir farklılık bulunmazken P≥0.05 , egzersiz öncesi kalp atım hızında anlamlı bir farklılık bulundu p≤0.05 . Grup içi ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda ise, egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası TAC, TBARS, CK ve LDH değerlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı p≥0.05 . Sonuç olarak, antioksidan takviye sporcularda fiziksel aktivitenin tipi, süresi ve şiddetine göre oksidatif stresi azaltmak ve antioksidan kapasiteyi artırmak için faydalı olabilir. Egzersizin vitamin ve diğer antioksidan takviyelerle desteklenmesinin, oksidan kapasiteyi azaltma ve antioksidan seviyeyi yükseltmede etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol,Oksidatif stress / Antioksidan,Alfa-tokoferol

EFFECT OF VITAMIN E ON OXIDANT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS ABSTRACT

Öz

1234In this study,investigating the effect of vitamin E on oxidant and antioxidant capacity in footballplayers was aimed. A total of 27 volunteer men composed of 15 trained football players assupplement group and 12 men as control group participated in the study.Body weight and body mass index parameters were taken to determine physicalcharacteristics. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and oxygen saturation valueswere taken to determine the physiological characteristics. Total antioxidant capacity,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenaseactivities were evaluated.In the intergroup comparison, while no difference was found in physical and physiologicalfindings between pre- and post-exercise P>0.05 , there was a significant difference in preexercise pulse rate p0.05 .In conclusion, antioxidant supplementation in accordance with the type, duration and intensityof physical activity may be beneficial for athletes in order to decrease oxidative stress andincrease antioxidant capacity. It is thought that supporting exercises with vitamins and the otherantioxidant supplements may be effective to decrease oxidant capacity and increase theantioxidant level

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soccer, Oxidative Stress/Antioxidant, Alpha-tocopherol

Kaynakça

1. Ascensão A., Rebelo A., Oliveira E., Marques F., Pereira L., Magalhães J.̏Biochemical impact of a soccer match — analysis of oxidative stress and muscle damage Biochemistry. 41.pp. 841-51, 2008. recovery, Clinical
2. Balakrishnan S.D., Anuradha C.V.̏Exercise, depletion of antioxidants and antioxidant manipulation, Biochem Funct.16.pp.269‐75, 1998. Cell
3. Banerjee A.K., Mandal A., Chanda D., Chakraborti S. Oxidant, antioxidant and physical exercise, Mol Cell Biochem. 253.pp.307‐12, 2003.
4. Boisseau N., Le Creff C., Loyens M., Poortmans J.R. Protein intake and nitrogen balance in male non-active adolescents and soccer players, Eur J Appl Physiol. pp.288–93, 2002.
5. Brites F.D., Evelson P.A., Christiansen M.G., Nicol M.F., Basilico M.J., Wikinski R.W., Llesuy S.F. players under regular training show oxidative stress but an improved plasma antioxidant status, Science.96.pp.381-385, 1999. Soccer Clinical
6. Carlsohn A., Rohn S., Bittmann F., Raila J., Mayer F., Schweigert F.J. antioxidant capacity of adolescent athletes, Ann Nutr Metab.53.pp.96-103, 2008.
7. Cazzola R., Russo‐Volpe S., Cervato G., Cestaro B. Biochemical assessments of oxidative stress, erythrocyte membrane fluidity and antioxidant status in professional soccer players and sedentary controls, Eur J Clin Invest.33.pp.924‐930, 2003.
8. Cholewa J., Poprzecki S., Zajac A., Waskiewicz Z. The influence of vitamin C on blood oxidative stress parameters in basketball players in response to maximal exercise. Science & Sports.23.pp.176–182, 2008.

9. Cooper C.E., Vollaard N.B., Choueiri T., Wilson M.T. Exercise, free radicals and oxidative stress, Biochem Soc Trans.30.pp.280- 285, 2002.
10. Ehlers G.G., Ball T.E., Liston L., Creatine Kinase Levels are Elevated During 2-A-Day Practices in Collegiate Football Players, J Athl Train.37.pp.151-156, Escobar M., Oliveira M.W.S., Behr G.A., Zanotto-Filho A., Ilha L., Cunha G.D.S., Oliveira A.R.D., Moreira J.C.F., “Oxidative Stress in Young Football (Soccer) Players in Intermittent High Intensity Exercise Protocol” Journal of Exercise Physiology.12.pp.1-10, 2009.
11. Evelson P., Gambino G., Travacio M., Jaita G., Verona J., Maroncelli C., Wikinski R., Llesuy S., Brites F., “Higher antioxidant defences in plasma and low density lipoproteins Invest.32.pp.818‐825, 2002. C.G., Eur J Clin Fraga Actis-Goretta L., Ottaviani J.I.
12. Carrasquedo F., Lotito S.B., Lazarus S., Schmitz H.H., Keen C.L., “Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players” Immunology.12.pp.11–17, 2005. & Developmental
13. Gill N.D., Beaven C.M., “Effectiveness of post-match recovery strategies in rugby players” Br J Sports Med.40.pp.260-263, 2006.
14. Knez W.L., Jenkins D.G., Coombes J.S., “Oxidative stress in half and full Ironman triathletes” Med Sci Sports Exerc.39.pp.283‐88, 2007.
15. Kostaropoulos I.A., Nikolaidis M.G., Jamurtas A.Z., Ikonomou G.V., Makrygiannis V., Papadopoulos G., “Comparison of the blood redox status between long- distance short-distance Res.55.pp.611-616, 2006. runners” Physiol
16. Machefer G., Groussard C., Vincent S., Zouhal H., Faure H., Cillard J., Radák Z., Gratas-Delamarche A., “Multivitamin-Mineral Supplementation Prevents Lipid Peroxidation during “The Marathon des Sables” Journal of the American College of Nutrition.26.pp.111-120, Marzatico F., Pansarasa O., Bertorelli L., Somenzini L., Della Valle G., “Blood free radical antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxides following long‐distance and lactacidemic performances in highly trained aerobic and sprint Fitness.37.pp.235‐239, 1997. Sports Med Phys
17. Mashiko T., Umeda T., Nakaji S., Sugawara K., Effects of exercise on the physical condition of college rugby players during summer training camp, Br J Sports Med.38.pp.186-190, 2004.
18. Michalczyk M., Kłapcińska B., Sadowska-Krepa E., et al. Selected Phases of the Training Cycle in Professional Soccer Players, Journal of Human Kinetics.19.pp.93- DOI 10.2478/v10078-008-0007-9, 2008.
19. Muñoz Marín D., Olcina G., Timón R., Robles M.C., Caballero M.J., on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant response in trained cyclists, J Sports Med Phys Fitness.50.pp.93-98, Ørtenblad N., Madsen K., Djurhuus M.S., Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation after short‐term maximal exercise in trained and untrained humans, Am J Physiol.272.pp.1258‐63, 1997.
20. Palazzetti S., Richard M.J., Favier A., Margaritis I. Overloaded training increases exercise- and induced J oxidative Physiol.28.pp.588-604, 2003. damage, Can Appl
21. Patil S.M., Chaudhuri D., Dhanakshirur G.B. in Role of alpha-tocopherol endurance Pharmacol.53.pp.375-379, 2009. cyclists, J athletes, Indian Physiol
22. Pincemail J., Lecomte J., Castiau J., Collard E., Vasankari T., Cheramy-Bien J., Limet R., Defraigne J., “Evaluation of autoantibodies against oxidized LDL and antioxidant status in top soccer and basketball players after 4 months of competition” Med.28.pp.559–565, 2000. Free Radic Biol Rahmana N., Gaeini A.A., Kazemi F. “The effectiveness of two energy drinks on selected indices of maximal cardiorespiratory fitness and blood lactate levels in male athletes. J Res Med Sci.15.pp.127-32
23. Robertson J.D., Maughan R.J., Duthie G.G., Morrice P.C., “Increased blood antioxidant systems of runners in response to training load” Clin Sci.80.pp.611‐618, 1991.
24. Schröder H., Navarro E., Tramullas A., Mora J., Galiano D., Nutrition antioxidant status and oxidative stress in professional basketball players: effects of a three compound antioxidative supplement̏ Int J Sports Med.21.pp.146–150, 2000.
25. Selamoglu S., Turgay F., Kayatekin B.M., Gönenc S., Yslegen C., the antioxidant enzymes of the blood̋ Acta Physiol Hung.87.pp.267‐273, 2000.
26. Sureda A., Ferrer M.D., Tauler P., Romaguera D., Drobnic F., Pujol P., Tur J.A., Pons A. exercise intensity on lymphocyte H2O2production and antioxidant defences in soccer players” Br J Sports Med.43.pp.186–190, 2009. “Effects of
27. Tauler P., Ferrer M.D., Sureda A., Pujol P., Drobnic F., Tur J.A., Pons A. “Supplementation with an antioxidant cocktail containing coenzyme Q prevents plasma oxidative damage induced by soccer” Eur J Appl Physiol.104.pp.777–785, 2008.
28. Urso M.L., Clarkson P.M. “Oxidative stress, exercise, and pp.41–54, 2003. Toxicology.
29. Vincent H.K., Bourguignon C.M., Vincent K.R., Weltman A.L., Bryant M., Taylor A.G. “Antioxidant Supplementation Lowers Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Overweight Adults” Obesity.14.pp.2224- , 2006.
30. Warburton D.E.R., Nicol C.W., Bredin S.S.D. “Health benefits CMAJ.174.pp.801‐809, 2006. activity: The evidence”
31. Zoppi C.C, Hohl R., Silva F.C., Lazarim F.L., Antunes Neto J.M.F., Stancanneli M., Macedo D.V. “Vitamin C and E Supplementation Effects in Professional Soccer Players International Society of Sports Nutrition.3.pp.37-44, Training”Journal of the