PİLATES EGZERSİZLERİNİN POSTURAL STABİLİTE VE SPOR PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ

Öz

Teknolojik gelişmeler; bedensel hareketten uzaklaşmayı, sağlıksız yeme-içme kültürünü ve bunların doğal sonucu olarak sedanter bir yaşam anlayışını tetiklemektedir. Sedanter yaşam; kalp dolaşım hastalıklarından, stres, eklemlerde deformasyon, hazımsızlık, yüksek tansiyon, omurga rahatsızlıkları, depresyon ve daha birçok hastalığın ortaya çıkış olasılığını da arttırmaktadır. Bu anlamda, insanoğlunun beden ve ruh sağlığını sürdürebilmesi için sportif faaliyetlerle ilgilenmesini zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Son yıllarda ülkemizde, Pilates gibi sportif aktiviteler fiziksel terapi ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Pilates egzersiz metoduyla ilgili yapılmış araştırmalar incelenerek, metodun ortaya çıkışı, kullanım biçimleri ve insan vücudu üzerine yararlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pilates,sedanter,esneklik,denge,rehabilitasyon.

THE INFLUENCE OF PILATES EXERCISES ON POSTURAL STABILITY AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Öz

Technological developments; moving away from physical movement and activity and unhealty eating and drinking culture triggers sedanter life style. This sedanter life style has decreased our cardio-vascular durability and increased the possibilities of new diseases such as stress, joint deformation, indigestion, hypertension, spinal column diseases, psychological depression, and more illnesses are emerging. It is important that people need to be interested in sporting activities in order to keep their physical and mental health in good condition. Recently in our country, sporting activities such as Pilates has gained popularity in the physical therapy and rehabilitation center. The objective of this study was to examine the emergence of the method, usage styles, and to examine whether the benefits of the human body.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pilates,sedentar,flexibility,balance,rehabilitation

Kaynakça

1. Muscolino and S. Cipriani. Pilates and the “Powerhouse”-I. J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2004;8 (1):15–24.
2. Anderson A. Spector, Introduction to Pilates- based Rehabilitation, Orthop Clin N Am. 2009 (3):395–410.
3. Bryan, M., Hawson, S.The Benefits of Pilates Exercise in Orthopaedic Rehabilitation. Techniques in Orthopaedics, March 2000;18(1):126-129.
4. Kloubec, J., Banks, A. Pilates and Physical. JOPERD, Apr 2004; 75(4):34.
5. Isacowitz, R. Pilates, Human Kinetics. p. 43-301, Canada, 2006.
6. Gladwell, V., Head, S., Hagger, M., Beneke, R. Does a program of Pilates Improve Chronic Non- Specific Low Back Pain? JSR. 2006;(15):338-350.
7. Akuthota, V., Nadler, S.F. Core strengthening. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004; 85 (3 suppl. 1), S86–S92.
8. Marshall, P.W., Murphy, B.A. Core Stability Exercises on and off a Swiss Ball. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;(86): 242–249.

9. Nadler SF, Malanga GA, Bartoli LA, Feinberg JH, Prybicien M, Deprince M. Hip Muscle Imbalance and Low Back Pain in Athletes: Influence of Core Strengthening. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(1):9-16.
10. Carr BS, Day J. Effect of Directed Spring Guidance on Rate of Skill Acquisition. JOSPT, 2004;34 (1).
11. Schroeder JM, et al. Flexibility and Heart Rate Response to an Acute Pilates Reformer Session. Med Sci Sports Exerc. May 2002 34:5.
12. Otto R, et al. The Effect of 12 Weeks of Pilates vs. Resistance Training on Trained Females. Med Sci Sports Exerc. May 2004;(36:5):S356-357.
13. Rogers KV, Gibson AL. Effects of an 8-week Mat Pilates Training Program on Body Composition, Flexibility, and Muscular Endurance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006; 38(5):S279-S280
14. Segal NA, Hein J, Basford JR. The Effects of Pilates Training on Flexibility and Body Composition: an Observational Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil Dec 2004;85(12):1977-81.
15. Sewright K, et al. Effects of 6 Weeks of Pilates Mat Training on Tennis Serve Velocity, Muscular Endurance, and Their Relationship in Collegiate Tennis Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc. May 2004;(36:5): S167.
16. McMillan, A, Proteau, L, & Lebe, R. The Effect of Pilates-Based Training on Dancers' Dynamic Posture. J Def Mod Sim. 1998;2 (3), 101-107.
17. Lange C, et al. Maximizing the Benefits of Pilates- Inspired Exercise for Learning Functional Motor Skills. J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2000; 4(2), 99-108.
18. Betz S. Modifying Pilates for Clients with Osteoporosis. IDEA Fitness Journal, April, 2005; 2 (4):46-55.
19. Petrofsky, J.S., Batt, J., Davis, N., Lohman, E., Laymon, M., and et al. Core Muscle Activity During Exercise on a Mini Stability Ball Compared With Abdominal Crunches on the Floor and on a Swiss Ball. J Appl Res. 2007; (7):3.
20. Esco MR, Olsen MS, et al. Abdominal EMG of Selected Pilates' Mat Exercises. Abstract: Auburn University Montgomery, AL, Rehabilitation Associates, Montgomery, AL, 2005.
21. Purdy, M. Clinical Pilates for the Aging Athlete, cited in Physiother Sport Canada Momentum Journal, (2009).
22. Kaesler, D.S., Mellifont, R.B., Kelly, P.S. and Taaffe, D.R. A Novel Balance Exercise Program for Postural Stability in Older Adults. J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2007;(11): 37–43.
23. Souza, M, Vieira, C.B. Pilates practitioner, Polestar/Physio Pilates educatora, Who are The People Looking for the Pilates method? J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2006;10(4):328-334.
24. Johnson, E.G., Larsen, A., Ozawa, H.,Wilson, C.A., Kennedy, K.L. The Effects of Pilates-Based Exercise on Dynamic Balance in Healthy Adults. J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2007;(11): 238–24.
25. Richardson, C.A., Jull, G.A. Muscle Control—Pain Control. What Exercises Would You Prescribe?. Manual Therapy. 1995; (1): 2–10.
26. Fatouros, I.G., Kambas,A., Katrabasas,I., Leontsını, D.,Chatzınıkolaou, A., Jamurtas, A.Z., Douroudos, I., Aggelousıs, N., and Taxıldarıs, K. Resistance Training and Detraining Effects on Flexibility Performance in The Elderly are Intensity-Dependent. J Strength Condit Res. 2006;20(3): 634-642.
27. English T, Howe K. The Effect of Pilates Exercise on Trunk and Postural Stability and Throwing Velocity in College Q3 Baseball Pitchers: Single Subject Design. N Am J Sports Phys Ther. 2007; (2): 8–19.
28. Bertolla, F., Baroni, BM., ECP Leal Junior Oltramari, J.D.Effects of a Training Program Using The Pilates Method in Flexibility of Sub-20 Indoor Soccer Athletes. Rev Bras Med Esporte. Niterói July/Aug. 2007;13(4).
29. Jago, R., Marie¨lle L. Jonker, Mariam Missaghian, Tom Baranowski. Effect of 4 weeks of Pilates on The Body Composition of Young Girls. Prev Med. 2006;(42): 177 – 180.
30. Emery, K., De Serres, S.J, McMillan, A., Côté, J.N. The Effects of a Pilates Training Program on Arm–Trunk Posture and Movement. Clin Biomechanics. 2010; (25):124–130.
31. Blum, C.L. Chıropractıc and Piılates Therapy for The Treatment of Adult Scoliosis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2002;25:e3.
32. McBeth, J., Jones,K. Epidemiology of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007;21(3): 403-425.
33. Lee, J.H., Hoshino, Y., Nakamura, K., Kariya, Y., Saita, K., Ito, K. Trunk Muscle Weakness as a Risk Factor for Low Back Pain. A 5-Year Prospective Study. Spine 1999; 24 (1): 54–57.
34. Carr, J.L., Moffett, J.A. The Impact of Social Deprivation on Chronic Back Pain Outcomes. Chronic Illnes. 2005,1 (2):121–12,.
35. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Inefficient Muscular Stabilization of the Lumbar Spine Associated with Low Back Pain. A Motor Control Evaluation of Transverses Abdominis. Spine. 1999;21(suppl22):2640-265.
36. O’Sullivan P, Twomey L, Allison G, et al. Altered Patterns Of Abdominal Muscle Activation in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Aust J Physiother. 1997;43(suppl2):91.
37. Cole AJ, Herring SA. The Low Back Pain Handbook: A Practical Guide for the Primary Care Physician. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc.; 1997.
38. Granata KP, Wilson SE. Trunk Posture and Spinal Stability. Clin Biomechanics. 2001;(16):650-659.
39. Reyneke, D. The Pilates Method of Exercise and Rehabilitation. Physiother Sport. 1993;18 (3):19.
40. LaBrusciano, G. Lonergan, S. Pilates: a Method Ahead of Its Time. J Strength Condit. August. 1996;74–75.
41. Latey, P. Updating the Principles of the Pilates Method— Part 2. J Bodywork Move Ther. 2002;6 (2):94–101.
42. Stanko, E. The Role of Modified Pilates in women’s Health Physiotherapy. ACPWH. 2002;(90): 21–32.
43. Smith, K., Smith, E. Integrating Pilates-Based Core Strengthening into Older Adult Fitness Programs. Top Geriatr Rehabil. 2004;21 (1):57– 67.
44. Griffin LY. Prevention of Noncontact ACL Injuries. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2001.
45. Nadler SF, Malanga GA, Bartoli LA, Feinberg JH, Prybicien M, Deprince M. Hip muscle Imbalance and Low Back Pain in Athletes: İnfluence of Core Strengthening. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(1):9-16.
46. Emery,K., Serres S., McMillan, A., Julie N. Côté. The Effects of a Pilates Training Program on Arm– Trunk Posture and Movement. Clin Biomechanics. 2010; (25),124–130.
47. Gladwell,V., Head,S., Haggar,M. and Beneke, R. Does a Program of Pilates Improve Chronic Non- Specific Low Back Pain? Sport Rehabil. 2006;(15): 338-350.
48. Segal, N.A., Hein, J., & Basford, J.R. The effects of Pilates Training on Flexibility and Body Composition: an Observational Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(12): 1977-1981.
49. Herrington, L., Davies, R. The influence of Pilates Training on The Ability to Contract the Transversus Abdominis Muscle in Asymptomatic Individuals. J Bodywork Mov Ther. 2005;9(1): 52– 57