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SPORTS SCIENCE GRADUATE STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCE WITH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH LEARNING AND APPLICATION PROCESS

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 99 - 118, 01.08.2018

Öz

Recently, we have been observing that there is a paradigm shift in Sports Sciences, and the representation of science, which is reflected by a particular positivist epistemology, has been replaced with multi-representations of science. It is known that there is a dramatic increase in qualitative research albeit there are serious problems with the quality of this research. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explain/interpret how Sports Science graduate students perceive, define and explain qualitative research in the process of learning and application the qualitative research. While the criteria were being determined for this phenomenological study, to which purposive sampling methodology is applied, we paid attention to include 21 people who are at different levels of qualitative research learning, application , at different levels of their education Ph.D. candidate, master student from different areas of sport sciences sport psychology, physical education and sport etc. . Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed through content analysis. Results were discussed under 4 themes: 1 Dominant structure of sports sciences and academy, 2 Challenges experienced in learning qualitative research and solution strategies, 3 Challenges experienced in the application of qualitative research and solution strategies, and 4 Qualitative research achievements. In conclusion, this research reveals how researchers, who have experience with qualitative research learning and application process in Sports Sciences, perceive a qualitative research learning and application process, and give the meaning to this process, and also what are the challenges and solutions for these challenges. We think this research will shed light on the teaching process of a qualitative research and to the quality of a qualitative research model

Kaynakça

  • Alty, A., Rodham, K. “The Ouch Factor: Problems in Conducting Sensitive Research” Qualitative Health Research. 8(2). pp.275-82, 1998.
  • Bampton, R., Cowton, C.J., Downs, Y. The E-Interview in Qualitative Research. In: Advancing Social and Business Research Methods with New Media Technology. IGI Global, pp. 329-343, Hershey, PA, USA, 2013.
  • Belcher, D., Hirvela, A. “Writing the Qualitative Dissertation: Commitment to A Fuzzy Genre?” Journal of English for Academic Purposes. 4. pp.187–205, 2005. Sustains
  • Booker, K. C. “Shifting Priorities: Reflections on Teaching Qualitative Research Methods”. The Qualitative Report. 14. pp.389–394, 2009.
  • Campbell, J. L., Quincy, C., Osserman, J., Pedersen, O. K. “Coding in-Depth Semi-Structured Interviews: Problems of Unitization and Inter-Coder Reliability And Agreement” Sociological Methods and Research. 42(3).pp.294-320, 2013.
  • Cotner, T. L., Intrator, S., Keleman, M., Sato, M. What Graduate Students Say About Their Preparation for Doing Qualitative Dissertations: A Pilot Study. In Getting Good At Qualitative Research. Symposium conducted at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2000.
  • Culver, D., Gilbert, W., Sparkes, A. C. “Qualitative Research in Sport Psychology Journals: The Next Decade Psychologist. 26. pp.261–281, 2012. Beyond” The Sport
  • Dickson-Swift, V., James, E. L., Kippen, S., Liamputtong P. “Risk To Researchers in Qualitative Research on Sensitive Topics: Issues and Strategies” Qualitative Health Research. 18(1), pp.133-144, 2008.
  • Ely, M., Anzul, M., Friedman, T., Garner, D., Steinmetz, A. Doing Qualitative Research: Circles within Circles. London, United Kingdom: The Falmer Press, 1991.
  • Ersoy, A. “Doktora Öğrencilerinin İlk Nitel Araştırma Deneyimlerinin Günlükler Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi” PEGEM Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi. 5(5), s.549-568, 2015. [In Turkish]
  • Fusch, P. I., Ness, L. R. “Are We There Yet? Data Saturation in Qualitative Research” The Qualitative Report. 20(9). pp.1408-1416, 2015.
  • Gale, J. “When Research Interviews Are More Therapeutic Than Therapy Interviews” The Qualitative Report. 1(4). pp.1-4, 1992.
  • Gratton, C., Jones, I. Research Methods for Sport Studies. London: Routledge, 2004.
  • Green, R. “Fostering a Community of Doctoral Learners” Journal of Library Administration. 45(1-2). pp.169-183, 2006.
  • Guba, E. G., Lincoln, Y. S. “Epistemological and Methodological Educational Communication and Technology Journal. 30(4). pp.233-252, 1982. of Naturalistic Inquiry”
  • Guba, E. G., Lincoln, Y. S. Paradigmatic Controversies, Confluences. In N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, pp.191–216, CA: Sage, 2005.
  • Hernández-Hernándeza, F., Sancho-Gilb, J. M. “A Learning Process Within an Education Research Group: An Approach to Learning Qualitative Research Methods” International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 18(6). pp.651–667, 2015.
  • Hoeber L., Shaw, S. “Contemporary Qualitative Research Methods in Sport Management” Sport Management Review. 20. pp.4-7, 2017.
  • Kiesinger, C. “From Interview to Story: Writing “Abbie’s Life” Qualitative Inquiry. 4. pp.71–96, 1998.
  • Koca, C. Spor Sosyolojisinde Paradigmatic Dönüşüm. Makale Yazma ve Yayınlama Çalıştayı, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Univers2ity, Karaman, Turkey, 2015. [In Turkish].
  • Koca, C. “Spor Bilimlerinde Nitel Araştırma Yaklaşımı” Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 28(1). pp.30–48, 2017. [In Turkish]
  • Kurasaki, K. S. “Intercoder Reliability from Validating Conclusions Drawn from Open-Ended Interview Data” Field Methods. 12. pp.179-194, 2000.
  • Lave, J., Wenger, E. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral University Press, UK, 1991. Cambridge: Cambridge
  • Lee, Stuart, Roth, W. M. Becoming and Belonging: Learning Qualitative Research Through Legitimate Peripheral Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 4(2), fqs0302355, 2003. Forum Qualitative
  • http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114
  • Levitt, H., Kannan, D., Ippolito, M. R. “Teaching Qualitative Methods Using a Research Team Approach: Publishing Grounded Theory Projects with Your Class” Qualitative Research in Psychology. 10(29). pp.119-139, 2013.
  • Li, S., Seale, C. “Learning To Do Qualitative Data Analysis: An Observational Study of Doctoral Work” Qualitative Health Research. 17(10). pp.1442-1452, 2007.
  • Lincoln, Y. S. “The Ethics of Teaching in Qualitative Research” Qualitative Inquiry. 4.pp.315–328, 1998.
  • Lincoln, Y. S., Guba, E. G. Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985.
  • Maypole, J., Davies, T. G. “Students’ Perceptions of Constructivist Learning in a Community College American History II Survey Course” Community College Revie. 29. pp.54–81, 2001.
  • Medway, P. Fuzzy genres and community identities: The case of architecture students’ sketchbooks. In R. Coe, L. Lingard, & T. Teslenko (Eds.), The Rhetoric and İdeology of Genre: Strategies for Stability and Change. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2002.
  • Meho, L. I. “E-Mail Interviewing in Qualitative Research: A Methodological Discussion” Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(10). pp.1284-1295, 2006.
  • Patton, M. Q. Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. (3rd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2002.
  • Paulin, K. L. “Teaching Qualitative Research: Lessons From Practice” Counseling Psychologist. 35. pp.431-458, 2007.
  • Pietersen, C. “Research As a Learning Experience: A Phenomenological Explication” The Qualitative Report. 7(2). pp.1-14, 2002.
  • Poulin, K. L. “Teaching Qualitative Research: Lessons from Practice” The Counseling Psychologist. 35. pp.431–458, 2007.
  • Raddon, M. B, Nault, C., Scott, A. “Integrating the Complete Research Project into a Large Qualitative Methods Course” Teaching Sociology. 36. pp.141-149, 2008.
  • Savin-Baden, M., Major, C. Qualitative Research: The Essential Guide To Theory And Practice. London: Routledge, 2013.
  • Singer, J. N., Shaw S., Hoeber, L., Walker, N., Rich, Critical K.,Agyemang, Qualitative Research in Sport Management. North American Society for Sport Management Conference (NASSM 2017), Denver, CO, May 30 – June 3, 2017.
  • Smith, B., McGannon, K. R. “Developing Rigor in Qualitative Research: Problems and Opportunities within Sport and Exercise Psychology” International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 11(1). pp.101-121, 2018.
  • Tracy, S. J. “Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research” Qualitative Inquiry. 16(10). pp.837–851, 2010.
  • Wang, F. “Challenges of Learning to Write Qualitative Research: Students’ Voices” International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 12. pp.638-651, 2013.
  • Yıldırım, A., Şimşek, H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Genişletilmiş 9. baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi, 2013. [In Turkish].

SPOR BİLİMLERİNDE ÖĞRENİM GÖREN LİSANSÜSTÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİN NİTEL ARAŞTIRMAYI ÖĞRENME VE UYGULAMA SÜRECİNDEKİ DENEYİMLERİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 99 - 118, 01.08.2018

Öz

Son yıllarda Spor Bilimlerinde bir paradigma değişiminin yaşandığını ve belli bir pozitivist epistemolojinin yansıttığı bilim temsili yerini çoklu bilimsel temsillere bıraktığını görüyoruz. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırma projelerinde önemli bir artış olmakla birlikte gerçekleştirilen nitel araştırmaların niteliğinde önemli sorunların var olduğunu gözlemlemekteyiz. Bu doğrultuda bu araştırmada lisansüstü eğitim gören öğrencilerin nitel araştırma öğrenimlerinde ve uygulamalarında karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve geliştirdikleri çözüm yollarını ortaya koymayı amaçlıyoruz. Amaçlı örneklem yöntemi kullandığımız bu fenomonolojik araştırmamızda ölçütlerimizi belirlerken nitel araştırmanın farklı aşamalarında öğrenme, uygulama , lisansüstü öğrenimin farklı düzeylerinde doktora ya da yüksek lisans öğrencisi ve spor bilimlerinin farklı alanlarında spor psikolojisi, beden eğitimi ve spor vb. yer alan 21 kişinin araştırmaya dâhil edilmesine dikkat ettik. Veriler, bireysel görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, Spor bilimlerinin yapısı, nitel araştırma öğrenme kaynaklarıyla ilişkili deneyimlenen zorluklar, nitel araştırma pratiğinde deneyimlenen zorluklar ve nitel araştırmanın kazanımları olmak üzere 4 tema altında tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, spor bilimlerinde nitel araştırma öğrenme ve uygulama deneyimine sahip araştırmacıların gerek nitel araştırmayı öğrenme sürecini, gerekse uygulama süreçlerini nasıl algıladıklarını, anlamlandırdıklarını, yaşanılan zorlukların neler olduğunu ve nasıl çözümler üretebildiklerini ortaya koyan bu araştırmanın, nitel araştırmanın öğretilebilmesi sürecine de ışık tutması ve nitel araştırmaların niteliğini arttırması açısından önemli katkıları olacağını düşünüyoruz.

Kaynakça

  • Alty, A., Rodham, K. “The Ouch Factor: Problems in Conducting Sensitive Research” Qualitative Health Research. 8(2). pp.275-82, 1998.
  • Bampton, R., Cowton, C.J., Downs, Y. The E-Interview in Qualitative Research. In: Advancing Social and Business Research Methods with New Media Technology. IGI Global, pp. 329-343, Hershey, PA, USA, 2013.
  • Belcher, D., Hirvela, A. “Writing the Qualitative Dissertation: Commitment to A Fuzzy Genre?” Journal of English for Academic Purposes. 4. pp.187–205, 2005. Sustains
  • Booker, K. C. “Shifting Priorities: Reflections on Teaching Qualitative Research Methods”. The Qualitative Report. 14. pp.389–394, 2009.
  • Campbell, J. L., Quincy, C., Osserman, J., Pedersen, O. K. “Coding in-Depth Semi-Structured Interviews: Problems of Unitization and Inter-Coder Reliability And Agreement” Sociological Methods and Research. 42(3).pp.294-320, 2013.
  • Cotner, T. L., Intrator, S., Keleman, M., Sato, M. What Graduate Students Say About Their Preparation for Doing Qualitative Dissertations: A Pilot Study. In Getting Good At Qualitative Research. Symposium conducted at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2000.
  • Culver, D., Gilbert, W., Sparkes, A. C. “Qualitative Research in Sport Psychology Journals: The Next Decade Psychologist. 26. pp.261–281, 2012. Beyond” The Sport
  • Dickson-Swift, V., James, E. L., Kippen, S., Liamputtong P. “Risk To Researchers in Qualitative Research on Sensitive Topics: Issues and Strategies” Qualitative Health Research. 18(1), pp.133-144, 2008.
  • Ely, M., Anzul, M., Friedman, T., Garner, D., Steinmetz, A. Doing Qualitative Research: Circles within Circles. London, United Kingdom: The Falmer Press, 1991.
  • Ersoy, A. “Doktora Öğrencilerinin İlk Nitel Araştırma Deneyimlerinin Günlükler Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi” PEGEM Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi. 5(5), s.549-568, 2015. [In Turkish]
  • Fusch, P. I., Ness, L. R. “Are We There Yet? Data Saturation in Qualitative Research” The Qualitative Report. 20(9). pp.1408-1416, 2015.
  • Gale, J. “When Research Interviews Are More Therapeutic Than Therapy Interviews” The Qualitative Report. 1(4). pp.1-4, 1992.
  • Gratton, C., Jones, I. Research Methods for Sport Studies. London: Routledge, 2004.
  • Green, R. “Fostering a Community of Doctoral Learners” Journal of Library Administration. 45(1-2). pp.169-183, 2006.
  • Guba, E. G., Lincoln, Y. S. “Epistemological and Methodological Educational Communication and Technology Journal. 30(4). pp.233-252, 1982. of Naturalistic Inquiry”
  • Guba, E. G., Lincoln, Y. S. Paradigmatic Controversies, Confluences. In N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, pp.191–216, CA: Sage, 2005.
  • Hernández-Hernándeza, F., Sancho-Gilb, J. M. “A Learning Process Within an Education Research Group: An Approach to Learning Qualitative Research Methods” International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 18(6). pp.651–667, 2015.
  • Hoeber L., Shaw, S. “Contemporary Qualitative Research Methods in Sport Management” Sport Management Review. 20. pp.4-7, 2017.
  • Kiesinger, C. “From Interview to Story: Writing “Abbie’s Life” Qualitative Inquiry. 4. pp.71–96, 1998.
  • Koca, C. Spor Sosyolojisinde Paradigmatic Dönüşüm. Makale Yazma ve Yayınlama Çalıştayı, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Univers2ity, Karaman, Turkey, 2015. [In Turkish].
  • Koca, C. “Spor Bilimlerinde Nitel Araştırma Yaklaşımı” Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 28(1). pp.30–48, 2017. [In Turkish]
  • Kurasaki, K. S. “Intercoder Reliability from Validating Conclusions Drawn from Open-Ended Interview Data” Field Methods. 12. pp.179-194, 2000.
  • Lave, J., Wenger, E. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral University Press, UK, 1991. Cambridge: Cambridge
  • Lee, Stuart, Roth, W. M. Becoming and Belonging: Learning Qualitative Research Through Legitimate Peripheral Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 4(2), fqs0302355, 2003. Forum Qualitative
  • http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114
  • Levitt, H., Kannan, D., Ippolito, M. R. “Teaching Qualitative Methods Using a Research Team Approach: Publishing Grounded Theory Projects with Your Class” Qualitative Research in Psychology. 10(29). pp.119-139, 2013.
  • Li, S., Seale, C. “Learning To Do Qualitative Data Analysis: An Observational Study of Doctoral Work” Qualitative Health Research. 17(10). pp.1442-1452, 2007.
  • Lincoln, Y. S. “The Ethics of Teaching in Qualitative Research” Qualitative Inquiry. 4.pp.315–328, 1998.
  • Lincoln, Y. S., Guba, E. G. Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985.
  • Maypole, J., Davies, T. G. “Students’ Perceptions of Constructivist Learning in a Community College American History II Survey Course” Community College Revie. 29. pp.54–81, 2001.
  • Medway, P. Fuzzy genres and community identities: The case of architecture students’ sketchbooks. In R. Coe, L. Lingard, & T. Teslenko (Eds.), The Rhetoric and İdeology of Genre: Strategies for Stability and Change. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2002.
  • Meho, L. I. “E-Mail Interviewing in Qualitative Research: A Methodological Discussion” Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(10). pp.1284-1295, 2006.
  • Patton, M. Q. Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. (3rd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2002.
  • Paulin, K. L. “Teaching Qualitative Research: Lessons From Practice” Counseling Psychologist. 35. pp.431-458, 2007.
  • Pietersen, C. “Research As a Learning Experience: A Phenomenological Explication” The Qualitative Report. 7(2). pp.1-14, 2002.
  • Poulin, K. L. “Teaching Qualitative Research: Lessons from Practice” The Counseling Psychologist. 35. pp.431–458, 2007.
  • Raddon, M. B, Nault, C., Scott, A. “Integrating the Complete Research Project into a Large Qualitative Methods Course” Teaching Sociology. 36. pp.141-149, 2008.
  • Savin-Baden, M., Major, C. Qualitative Research: The Essential Guide To Theory And Practice. London: Routledge, 2013.
  • Singer, J. N., Shaw S., Hoeber, L., Walker, N., Rich, Critical K.,Agyemang, Qualitative Research in Sport Management. North American Society for Sport Management Conference (NASSM 2017), Denver, CO, May 30 – June 3, 2017.
  • Smith, B., McGannon, K. R. “Developing Rigor in Qualitative Research: Problems and Opportunities within Sport and Exercise Psychology” International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 11(1). pp.101-121, 2018.
  • Tracy, S. J. “Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research” Qualitative Inquiry. 16(10). pp.837–851, 2010.
  • Wang, F. “Challenges of Learning to Write Qualitative Research: Students’ Voices” International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 12. pp.638-651, 2013.
  • Yıldırım, A., Şimşek, H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Genişletilmiş 9. baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi, 2013. [In Turkish].
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Canan Koca Bu kişi benim

Deniz Hünük Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Koca, C., & Hünük, D. (2018). SPOR BİLİMLERİNDE ÖĞRENİM GÖREN LİSANSÜSTÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİN NİTEL ARAŞTIRMAYI ÖĞRENME VE UYGULAMA SÜRECİNDEKİ DENEYİMLERİ. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 99-118.

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