Bu araştırmanın temel amacı belediyeler tarafından belde evleri çatısı altında sunulan programlı ve planlı rekreasyon hizmetlerinin katılımcıların boş zaman eğitim düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş, belde evlerinin sunduğu rekreasyon hizmetlerinden yararlanan n=291 ve yararlanmayan n= 246 toplam 537 kadın araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada boş zaman eğitimi bağımlı değişkeninin ve alt boyutlarının hangi bağımsız değişkenlerden etkilendiğini belirlemek amacıyla, parametrik testlerden Bağımsız Gruplar T-Testinden, Tek Yönlü ve Çift Yönlü Varyans Analizinden ANOVA ve parametrik olmayan testlerden Kruskal Wallis Testinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda belde evi faaliyetlerinden yararlananların toplam boş zaman eğitim düzeyi puanları ile farkındalık, problem çözme ve zaman yönetimi puanlarında yararlanmayanlardan daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu faaliyetlerden yararlanmamalarına rağmen ailelerinden bu faaliyetlerden yararlanan olan bireylerin de farkındalık ve motivasyon puanlarının olumlu yönde etkilendiği görülmüştür. Eğitim seviyesi ve yaş bağımsız değişkenlerinin de boş zaman eğitimi üzerinde etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Boş zaman eğitimi, boş zaman aktiviteleri, boş zaman hizmetleri, belediyeler, yerel yönetimler, belde evleri.
AAPAR (American Association for Physical Activity and Recreation), A position paper of the american association for physical activity and recreation: Taskforce on leisure education in the schools, AAHPERD Convention, San Diego, California, March 29 – April. 2011
Agate, J. R„ Zabriskie, R. B., Agate, S. T., & Poff, R.
Family leisure satisfaction and satisfaction with family life. Journal of Leisure Research, 41(2), 2. 2009
Albayrak, E.. Kadınların gün faaliyetlerine katılımının belirleyicileri üzerine bir analiz (Afyonkarahisar örneği), Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İktisat Anabilim Dalı, Afyonkarahisar. 2014 [In Turkish]
Alpar, R., Spor, sağlık, ve eğitim bilimlerinden örneklerle uygulamalı istatistik ve geçerlik-güvenirlik. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. 2010. [In Turkish]
Backman, S. J., & Mannell, R. C.. Removing attitudinal barriers to leisure behavior and satisfaction: A field experiment Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 20, 46–53. 1986
institutionalized elderly.
Bracht, N. Health promotion at the community level: new advances. Sage Publications, London. 1998
Brookes, S., & J. Wiggan. “Reflecting the public value of sport. a game of two halves?” Public Management Review doi:10.1080/14719030902989490. 2009 (4): 401–420.
Büyükokutan, A. Geleneksel altın günlerine halkbilimsel
bir yaklaşım: “Muğla örneği”, Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (4), 14: 117-133. 2012 [In Turkish]
Carbonneau, H., Caron, C. D. and Desrosiers, J. Effects of an adapted leisure education program as a means of support for caregivers of people with dementia. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 53, 31–39. 2011
Coggburn, J. D., & Schneider, S. K. The relationship between state government performance and state quality Administration, 26(12), 1337–1354. 2003 Journal of Public
Cosgriff, M. Learning from leisure: Developing nature connectedness in outdoor education. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 2(1), 51–65. 2011
Dattilo, J. Leisure education program planning: A systematic approach (3rd ed.). State College, PA: Venture. 2008
Demir, C. ve Demir, N. Bireylerin boş zaman faaliyetlerine katılmalarını etkileyen faktörler ile cinsiyet arasındaki ilişki. Ege Üniversitesi Akademik Bakış, 6 (1), 36-48. 2006 [In Turkish]
Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt 11, Sayı 2, 2017
Desrosiers J, Noreau L, Rochette A, Carbonneau H, Fontaine L, Viscogliosi C, Bravo G. Effect of a home leisure education program after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88, 1095-1100.
Diener, E., E. M. Suh, R. E. Lucas, and H. L. Smith. “Subjective well-being: three decades of progress.” Psychological doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276. 1999 125 (2): 276–302.
Dierking, L. D., Falk, J. H., Rennie, L., Anderson, D., & Ellenbogen, K. Policy statement of the “Informal Science Education” ad hoc committee. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40, 108-111. 2003
Dieser, R. B. Leisure education: A person-centered, system-directed, social policy perspective. Champaign, IL: Sagamore. 2013
Droomers M, Schrivers C, and Machenback J. Educational level and decreases in leisure-time physical activity: predictors from the longitudinal GLOBE study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health; 55: 562-568. 2001
Dunn, N. J. & Wilhite, B. The effects of a leisure education program on leisure participation and psychosocial wellbeing of two older women who are home-centered. Therapecutic Recreation Journal, 31 (1), 53-71. 1997
Dupuis, S.L., Institution-based caregiving as a container for leisure. Leisure Science; 22, 259–280. 2000
Edginton, C.R. Hudson, S. Dieser, R.B. and Edginton, S.R. Leisure programing- a service centered and benefits approach. International Edition. New York: Mc Graw Hill Companies. 2004
Coggburn, J.D. & Schneider, S.K. The quality of management empirical analysis of the American states. Public Administration Review, 63 (2), 206-213. 2003 An
Guldbrandsson, K. & Bremberg, S. A study of safety- promoting activities for children and adolescents in 25 Swedish municipalities. Health Promot International, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dah209 , 19 (2): 215-226. 2004
Hedegaard, M. Children’s development from a cultural– historical approach: Children’s activity in everyday local settings as foundation for their development. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 16, 64–82. 2009
Johnson, H. A., Zabriskie, R. B., & Hill, B. The contribution of couple leisure involvement, leisure time, and leisure satisfaction to marital satisfaction. Marriage & doi:10.1300/J002v40n01_05. 2006 40, 69 – 91.
Jones, I., & Symon, G. Lifelong learning as serious leisur e: policy, practiceand potencial. Leisure studies, 20(4), 269-283. 2001
Kıray, B. Mübeccel, seçme yazılar.İstanbul: Bağlam
Yayınları. 1999. [In Turkish]
Landau, R. Locus of control and socioeconomic status: does intrinsic locus of control refect real resources and opportunities or personal coping abilities? Social Science and Medicine; 41(11), 1499-1505. 1995
Liberatos, P., Link, B.G., Kelsey, J.L. The measurement of social class in epidemiology, Epidemiologic Review, 10, pp. 87–121. 1988
Lloyd, K.M. & Auld, C.J., The role of leisure in determining quality of life: issues of content and measurement. Social Indicators Research, 57, 43–71. 2001
Mafrolla, E., & D’Amico, E. (2016) Does public spending
ımprove citizens’ quality of life? An analysis of municipalities’ leisure supply, Local Government Studies, 10.1080/03003930.2015.1127224 332-350, DOI
Mclean, D. D., Hurd, A. R., Roger, N. B. Kraus’ recreation and leisure in modern society. Jones and Bertlett Publishers, Sudbury, Massachusetts. 2008
Mundy, J. Leisure education: Theory and practice. (2nd ed). Champaign, IL: Sagamore Publishing. 1998
Mundy, J., & Odum, L. Leisure education: Theory and practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1979
Munusturlar, S. Boş zaman eğitiminin benlik saygısı ve öznel iyi oluş üzerine etkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Anadolu Ünıiversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Eskişehir, Türkiye. 2014 [In Turkish]
Munusturlar, S. & Bayrak, C. Developing the leisure education 10.1080/16078055.2016.1251489, 2016 Leisure Journal, DOI: 1-20., 14/11/2016.
Öner, Ö. & Klaesson, J. Location of leisure: The new
economic geography of leisure services, Leisure Studies, 10.1080/02614367.2016.1246588. 2017 203-219, DOI
Pesavento, L.C. Leisure education in the schools. Paper presented to the American Association for Leisure and Recreation at the American Association of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance Convention, San Diego, CA. 2002
Rapoport, R. & Rapoport, R. Leisure and the family lifecycle. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1975
Russell, R. & Jamieson, L., Leisure program planning and delivery, Human Kinetics, USA. 2007
Stebbins, R. A. (2016). Education for Self-Fulfillment: process and context. Educação & Realidade, Porto Alegre, http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-623651738 41, (3),873-887.
Sivan, A. Community development through leisure education: Conceptual approaches. (Sivan, A. and Ruskin, H)., Leisure education, community development and populations with special needs. CABI Publishing, United Kingdom. 2000
Tatar, G., Tozoğlu, E., & Pehlivan, Z. 20-40 yaş arası çalışan ve çalışmayan kadınların spor yapmalarını etkileyen bazı faktörlerin incelenmesi (Sivas il merkezi örneği). Atatürk Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11 (3), 28- 41. 2009
Wankel, L. & B. Berger. The psychological and social benefits of sport and physical activity, Journal of Leisure Research, 22, 167–182. 1990
Watson, C. & Wu, A. T. Evolution and reconstruction of learning cities for sustainable actions. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. 145, 1-19, DOI: 10.1002/ace.20119. 2015
WLRA, World Leisure and recreation association ınternational position statement on leisure education and youth at risk, Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 23:3, 201-207. 2001
THE EFFECT OF RECREATIONAL SERVICES OFFERED BY MUNICIPALITIES ON LEISURE EDUCATION LEVELS OF WOMEN
Primary goal of this study is to investigate the effect of programmed and planned recreational services offered by municipalities under the roof of town halls on leisure education levels of participants. A total of 537 women who were selected via easily accessible sampling method and were able n=291 and unable n= 246 to use recreational services offered by town halls constituted the study sample. In the study, Independent Samples T-Test, One-Way and Two Way Analysis of Variance ANOVA which are among parametric tests and Kruskal Wallis Test which is among nonparametric tests were used in determining which independent variables affected the dependent variable of leisure education and its sub-dimensions. As a result of statistical analyses, it was determined that total scores of leisure education levels, awareness, problem solving and time management were higher in individuals who used town hall activities than those who did not. It was also observed that awareness and motivation scores of individuals who did not use these activities but had family members using them were positively affected. It was determined that independent variables of educational level and age affected leisure education, as well
AAPAR (American Association for Physical Activity and Recreation), A position paper of the american association for physical activity and recreation: Taskforce on leisure education in the schools, AAHPERD Convention, San Diego, California, March 29 – April. 2011
Agate, J. R„ Zabriskie, R. B., Agate, S. T., & Poff, R.
Family leisure satisfaction and satisfaction with family life. Journal of Leisure Research, 41(2), 2. 2009
Albayrak, E.. Kadınların gün faaliyetlerine katılımının belirleyicileri üzerine bir analiz (Afyonkarahisar örneği), Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İktisat Anabilim Dalı, Afyonkarahisar. 2014 [In Turkish]
Alpar, R., Spor, sağlık, ve eğitim bilimlerinden örneklerle uygulamalı istatistik ve geçerlik-güvenirlik. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. 2010. [In Turkish]
Backman, S. J., & Mannell, R. C.. Removing attitudinal barriers to leisure behavior and satisfaction: A field experiment Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 20, 46–53. 1986
institutionalized elderly.
Bracht, N. Health promotion at the community level: new advances. Sage Publications, London. 1998
Brookes, S., & J. Wiggan. “Reflecting the public value of sport. a game of two halves?” Public Management Review doi:10.1080/14719030902989490. 2009 (4): 401–420.
Büyükokutan, A. Geleneksel altın günlerine halkbilimsel
bir yaklaşım: “Muğla örneği”, Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (4), 14: 117-133. 2012 [In Turkish]
Carbonneau, H., Caron, C. D. and Desrosiers, J. Effects of an adapted leisure education program as a means of support for caregivers of people with dementia. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 53, 31–39. 2011
Coggburn, J. D., & Schneider, S. K. The relationship between state government performance and state quality Administration, 26(12), 1337–1354. 2003 Journal of Public
Cosgriff, M. Learning from leisure: Developing nature connectedness in outdoor education. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 2(1), 51–65. 2011
Dattilo, J. Leisure education program planning: A systematic approach (3rd ed.). State College, PA: Venture. 2008
Demir, C. ve Demir, N. Bireylerin boş zaman faaliyetlerine katılmalarını etkileyen faktörler ile cinsiyet arasındaki ilişki. Ege Üniversitesi Akademik Bakış, 6 (1), 36-48. 2006 [In Turkish]
Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt 11, Sayı 2, 2017
Desrosiers J, Noreau L, Rochette A, Carbonneau H, Fontaine L, Viscogliosi C, Bravo G. Effect of a home leisure education program after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88, 1095-1100.
Diener, E., E. M. Suh, R. E. Lucas, and H. L. Smith. “Subjective well-being: three decades of progress.” Psychological doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276. 1999 125 (2): 276–302.
Dierking, L. D., Falk, J. H., Rennie, L., Anderson, D., & Ellenbogen, K. Policy statement of the “Informal Science Education” ad hoc committee. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40, 108-111. 2003
Dieser, R. B. Leisure education: A person-centered, system-directed, social policy perspective. Champaign, IL: Sagamore. 2013
Droomers M, Schrivers C, and Machenback J. Educational level and decreases in leisure-time physical activity: predictors from the longitudinal GLOBE study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health; 55: 562-568. 2001
Dunn, N. J. & Wilhite, B. The effects of a leisure education program on leisure participation and psychosocial wellbeing of two older women who are home-centered. Therapecutic Recreation Journal, 31 (1), 53-71. 1997
Dupuis, S.L., Institution-based caregiving as a container for leisure. Leisure Science; 22, 259–280. 2000
Edginton, C.R. Hudson, S. Dieser, R.B. and Edginton, S.R. Leisure programing- a service centered and benefits approach. International Edition. New York: Mc Graw Hill Companies. 2004
Coggburn, J.D. & Schneider, S.K. The quality of management empirical analysis of the American states. Public Administration Review, 63 (2), 206-213. 2003 An
Guldbrandsson, K. & Bremberg, S. A study of safety- promoting activities for children and adolescents in 25 Swedish municipalities. Health Promot International, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dah209 , 19 (2): 215-226. 2004
Hedegaard, M. Children’s development from a cultural– historical approach: Children’s activity in everyday local settings as foundation for their development. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 16, 64–82. 2009
Johnson, H. A., Zabriskie, R. B., & Hill, B. The contribution of couple leisure involvement, leisure time, and leisure satisfaction to marital satisfaction. Marriage & doi:10.1300/J002v40n01_05. 2006 40, 69 – 91.
Jones, I., & Symon, G. Lifelong learning as serious leisur e: policy, practiceand potencial. Leisure studies, 20(4), 269-283. 2001
Kıray, B. Mübeccel, seçme yazılar.İstanbul: Bağlam
Yayınları. 1999. [In Turkish]
Landau, R. Locus of control and socioeconomic status: does intrinsic locus of control refect real resources and opportunities or personal coping abilities? Social Science and Medicine; 41(11), 1499-1505. 1995
Liberatos, P., Link, B.G., Kelsey, J.L. The measurement of social class in epidemiology, Epidemiologic Review, 10, pp. 87–121. 1988
Lloyd, K.M. & Auld, C.J., The role of leisure in determining quality of life: issues of content and measurement. Social Indicators Research, 57, 43–71. 2001
Mafrolla, E., & D’Amico, E. (2016) Does public spending
ımprove citizens’ quality of life? An analysis of municipalities’ leisure supply, Local Government Studies, 10.1080/03003930.2015.1127224 332-350, DOI
Mclean, D. D., Hurd, A. R., Roger, N. B. Kraus’ recreation and leisure in modern society. Jones and Bertlett Publishers, Sudbury, Massachusetts. 2008
Mundy, J. Leisure education: Theory and practice. (2nd ed). Champaign, IL: Sagamore Publishing. 1998
Mundy, J., & Odum, L. Leisure education: Theory and practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1979
Munusturlar, S. Boş zaman eğitiminin benlik saygısı ve öznel iyi oluş üzerine etkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Anadolu Ünıiversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Eskişehir, Türkiye. 2014 [In Turkish]
Munusturlar, S. & Bayrak, C. Developing the leisure education 10.1080/16078055.2016.1251489, 2016 Leisure Journal, DOI: 1-20., 14/11/2016.
Öner, Ö. & Klaesson, J. Location of leisure: The new
economic geography of leisure services, Leisure Studies, 10.1080/02614367.2016.1246588. 2017 203-219, DOI
Pesavento, L.C. Leisure education in the schools. Paper presented to the American Association for Leisure and Recreation at the American Association of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance Convention, San Diego, CA. 2002
Rapoport, R. & Rapoport, R. Leisure and the family lifecycle. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1975
Russell, R. & Jamieson, L., Leisure program planning and delivery, Human Kinetics, USA. 2007
Stebbins, R. A. (2016). Education for Self-Fulfillment: process and context. Educação & Realidade, Porto Alegre, http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-623651738 41, (3),873-887.
Sivan, A. Community development through leisure education: Conceptual approaches. (Sivan, A. and Ruskin, H)., Leisure education, community development and populations with special needs. CABI Publishing, United Kingdom. 2000
Tatar, G., Tozoğlu, E., & Pehlivan, Z. 20-40 yaş arası çalışan ve çalışmayan kadınların spor yapmalarını etkileyen bazı faktörlerin incelenmesi (Sivas il merkezi örneği). Atatürk Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11 (3), 28- 41. 2009
Wankel, L. & B. Berger. The psychological and social benefits of sport and physical activity, Journal of Leisure Research, 22, 167–182. 1990
Watson, C. & Wu, A. T. Evolution and reconstruction of learning cities for sustainable actions. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. 145, 1-19, DOI: 10.1002/ace.20119. 2015
WLRA, World Leisure and recreation association ınternational position statement on leisure education and youth at risk, Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 23:3, 201-207. 2001
Munusturlar, S. (2017). THE EFFECT OF RECREATIONAL SERVICES OFFERED BY MUNICIPALITIES ON LEISURE EDUCATION LEVELS OF WOMEN. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 170-180.