NORMAL GELİŞEN KİLOLU VE OBEZ ERGENLERDE CİNSİYETİN İNCE VE KABA MOTOR BECERİLERE ETKİSİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 428 - 433, 01.12.2016

Şehmus Aslan Ummuhan Baş Aslan

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, normal gelişen fazla kilolu ve obez ergenlerde kız ve erkeklerin ince ve kaba motor becerilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 12-18 yaş aralığındaki 18’i kız ve 28’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 46 fazla kilolu ve obez ergen katılmıştır. Katılımcıların vücut kütle indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan ergenlerin ince ve kaba motor becerilerini değerlendirmek için Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Testinin kısa formu BOT-2 KF kullanılmıştır. Kız ve erkeklerin BOT-2 KF toplam puanlarında fark bulunmamıştır p>0.05 . Ancak BOT-2 KF’in bazı test maddeleri için kız ve erkekler arasında fark saptanmıştır. İnce motor beceriyi değerlendiren para transferi p>0.05 dışındaki diğer tüm testlerde kızların puanları erkeklerin puanlarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur p

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motor gelişim, Obez, Fazla kilolu, Cinsiyet, Ergen

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN FINE AND GROSS MOTOR SKILLS OF NORMALLY DEVELOPING OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS

Öz

The purpose of this research is to compare girls’ and boys’ fine and gross motor skills in normally developing overweight and obese adolescents. 18 girls and 28 boys with 12-18 age range, in totally 46 overweight and obese adolecents participated in the study. Body mass index of participants were calculated. Fine and gross motor skills of adolescents were assessed by Short Form Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency BOT-2 SF . There was no differences between girls and boys for BOT-2 SF total scores p>0.05 , but it was found differences in several items of BOT-2 SF. Scores of test items for fine motor scores in the girls were higher than the boys p0.05 . Gross motor skill tests including jumping in place, dribling a ball, sit-ups, one- legged stationary hop test scores were higher in the boys, while tapping feet and fingers test score was higher in the girls p

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motor development, Obese, Overweigth, Gender, Adolescents

Kaynakça

• 1. Connolly, B.H., Montgomery, P. Therapeutic exercise in developmental disabilities. In Montgomery (Eds.) New Jersey: SLACK Incorporated. pp. 2-225, 2005.
• 2. Haywood, K.M., Getchell, N. Life span motor development 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics,p.4, 2009.
• 3. Gallahue, D., Ozmun, J. Understanding motor development: ınfants, children,adolescents, adults. 6th ed., New York: Mc Graw Hill, pp: 53, 287-327, 2006.
• 4. Cools,W., Martelaer, De K., Samaey, C., Andries, C. Movement skill assessment of typically developing preschool children: a review of seven movement skill assessment tools. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine;8(2):154–168, 2009.
• 5. Summers, J., Larkin, D., Dewey, D. Activities of daily living in children with developmental coordination disorder: dressing, personal hygiene, and eating skills. Human movement science, 27(2), pp.215–229, 2008.
• 6. Daştan, İ., Çetinkaya, V., Delice, M.E. İzmir ilinde 7-18 yaş arası öğrencilerde obezite ve fazla kilo prevalansı. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi 2014;10:139- 146. [In Turkish]
• 7. Reilly, J.J., Kelly, L., Montgomery, C., Williamson, A., Fisher, A., McColl, J.H., Conte, L.R., Paton, Y.J., Grant, S. Physical activity to prevent obesity in young children: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 18;333(7577):1041, 2006.
• 8. Okely, A.D., Booth, M.L., Chey, T. Relationships between body composition and fundamental movement skills among children and adolescents. Res Q Exerc Sport, 75(3):238-47, 2004a.
• 9. Krombholz H. Motor and cognitive performance of overweight preschool children. Percept Mot Skills, 116(1):40-57, 2013.
• 10. Gentier I, D'Hondt E, Shultz S, Deforche B, Augustijn M, Hoorne S, Verlaecke K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Lenoir M. Fine and gross motor skills differ between healthyweight and obese children. Res Dev Disabil, 34(11):4043-51, 2013.
• 11. Prskalo, I., Badrić, M., Kunješić, M. The percentage of body fat in children and the level of their motor skills, Coll Antropol, 39 Suppl 1:21- 8, 2015.
• 12. Okely, I., Booth, M.L. South Wales: prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. J Sci Med Sport;7:3:358-372, 2004b.
• 13. Gidley Larson, J.C., Mostofsky, S.H., Goldberg, M.C. Effects of gender and age on motor exam in typically developing children. dev neuropsycho,l 32(1): 543–562, 2007.
• 14. Barnett, L.M., Beurden, E., Morgan, P.J. O., Brooks, L., Beard, J.R. Gender differences in motor skill proficiency from childhood to adolescence. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(2), 162–170, 2010.
• 15. Krebs, N.F., Himes, J.H., Jacobson, D., Nicklas, T.A., Guilday, P., Styne, D. Assessment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics, 120:(suppl 4) S193-S228, 2007.
• 16. Bruininks, R.H., Bruininks, B.D. BruininksOseretsky test of motor proficiency. examiners manual (2nd ed.). Circle Pines MN: American Guidance Service Inc., 2005.
• 17. Gaul, D. Fine motor skill performance in Irish childre. Dublin City University, Master of Sciences Thesis, 2014.
• 18. Maitland, C., Stratton, G., Foster, S., Braham, R., Rosenberg, M. A place for play? The influence of the home physical environment on children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10: 99–120, 2013.
• 19. Hume,C., Okely, A., Bagley, S. Does weight status influence associations between children’s fundamental movement skills and physical activity? Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(2): 158–165, 2008.
• 20. Thomas, J.R., French, K.E. Gender differences across age in motor performance a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), pp.260–282, 1985.
• 21. Beunen, G., Thomis, M. Muscular strength development in children and adolescents. Pediatric exercise science, 12, 174–197, 2000.
• 22. Ercan, S., Dallar, Y.B., Onen, S., Engiz, O. Prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors among adolescents in Ankara, Turkey. J Clin Res Pediatr En docrinol, 4(4):204-207, 2012.
• 23. Stodden, D.F., Goodway, D.J., Langendorfer, J.S., Roberton, A.M., Rudisill, E.M. Garcia, C., Garcia, E.L. A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: an emergent relationship. Quest , 60(2):290–306, 2008.