HÜR İRADE KURAMI PERSPEKTİFİNDEN EGZERSİZDE GÜDÜLENME, TEMEL PSİKOLOJİK İHTİYAÇLAR VE PSİKOLOJİK İYİ OLUŞ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 306 - 317, 01.08.2016

Gözde Ersöz Murat Özşaker Selman Sasur

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Hür İrade Kuramı HİK perspektifinden egzersizde güdüsel yönelimler, psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ve psikolojik iyi oluş kavramlarını incelemektir. Düzenli olarak egzersiz yapan üniversite öğrencileri araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır nerkek=206; yaş=25.01±5.82 and nkadın=181; yaş=28.38±7.48 . Egzersizde Davranışsal Düzenlemeler Ölçeği EDDÖ-2 , Egzersizde Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği ETPİÖ , Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği PİOÖ ve Egzersiz Davranışı Değişim Basamakları Anketi EDDBA katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre egzersizde güdüsel yönelimler ve psikolojik ihtiyaçlar cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılık göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak katılımcıların egzersizde güdüsel yönelimleri, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçları ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Araştırmada ele alınan tüm psikolojik faktörler arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki görülürken, sadece güdülenmeme ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki görülmüştür. Sonuc olarak bulgular, erkeklerin kadınlardan daha fazla içe atım ve dışsal davranışsal düzenlemeler ile egzersize katıldığını ve erkeklerin kadınlardan daha fazla düzeyde yeterlik ihtiyacına sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla beraber katılımcıların egzersizin ileri basamaklarında daha düşük düzeyde dışsal düzenleme ve daha yüksek düzeyde yeterlik, ilişkili olma, özerklik ve psikolojik iyi oluş puanlarına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuclar egzersize hür iradeli katılım ve üç temel psikolojik ihtiyacin tatmininin egzersizde devamlılığın arttırılmasına faydalı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen bulgulardan üç temel ihtiyacın tatmini ve hür iradeli güdülenmenin psikolojik iyi oluşu olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Egzersizde güdülenme, egzersizde temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar, psikolojik iyi oluş

Anahtar Kelimeler

Egzersizde güdülenme, egzersizde temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar, psikolojik iyi oluş

A SELF–DETERMINATION THEORY APPROACH TO MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATİONS, BASIC NEEDS SATISFACTION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL–BEING IN EXERCISE

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine motivational orientations, basic need satisfaction in exercise and psychological well-beingin in the Self–Determination Theory approach. 387 university students who exercise regularly nmale=206; age=25.01±5.82 and nfemale=181; age=28.38±7.48 participated to this study. Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2 BREQ-2 , Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Questionnaire PNSE , Psychological Well-Being Scale PWBS and Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire PASCQ were administered to participants. According to the findings significant difference has been found in motivational orientations and basic needs satisfaction for gender. In addition, results indicated significant differences in the motivational orientation, basic needs satisfaction in exercise and psychological well-being with regard to stage of change in exercise. The significant positive correlations were observed between all subscales of BREQ-2 and PNSE and psychological well-being, while negative correlations have observed between amotivation and psychological well-being. In a summary the findings demonstrated that males were motivated to exercise with introjected and extrinsic reasons and they report higher competence compared with females. In addition, exercise participants in the latter stage reported higher lower external regulation scores than participants in the early stage. And participants in the maintenance stage reported higher competence, autonomy, relatedness and psychological well-being scores than those in the early stages of change. The results illustrate the importance of promoting self-determined motivation and basic needs satisfaction in exercisers to foster their exercise behavior. Satisfaction of all three needs and motivational orientations is positive associated with psychological well–being

Anahtar Kelimeler

Exercise motivation, basic need satisfactions in exercise, psychological well-being

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