THE EFFECT OF LOWER AND UPPER EXTREMITY PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE PROGRAM ON MAXIMAL STRENGTH AND BODY FAT RATIO OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS

Umut Canlı; Muammer Bayru

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 374 - 390, 10.12.2020

Öz

The aim of the study is to identify the effects of lower and upper extremity plyometric training on maximal strength and body fat ratio of young basketball players, in a 9 week period. 30 male basketball players voluntarily participated in the study. The sample group was distinguished into the control group (n = 15; age = 14.7 ± 0.97) and the test group (n = 15; age = 14.8 ± 0.54) by randomization. Body height, body weight and body fat ratio of each participant was measured. Maximal strength levels were determined by testing 1 repeat maximum (1 TM) leg press, 1 TM leg curl, 1 TM bench press, 1 TM overhead press and 1 TM high pulley. In addition, the jump strength of the participants was determined by the counter movement jump (CMJ) test. Core strength was determined by the Sport-Specific Core Muscle Strength and Stability Plank Test. Two way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to test the combined effect of group (intervention and control) and measure (pre-test and post-test). There was a significant difference between groups according to the body height variable. (F(1-28) = 5.27, p<.05). There was no significant difference between groups according to body weight and body fat percentage variables (F(1-28) = 1.86; 5.22, p>.05; respectively). Significant differences were found in favor of the test group according to 1 RM leg curl, CMJ, 1 RM bench press, 1 RM overhead press, 1 RM high pulley variables. (F(1-28) = 16.13; 5.20; 4.65; 4.59; 14.7, p<.05; respectively). Additionaly, There was no significant difference between groups according to leg press and plank variables. (F(1-28) = 0.77; 0.02, p>.05; respectively). Consequently, the lower and upper extremity plyometric training program contributed to the improvement of the strength level of young basketball players.

Kaynakça

1. Gore CJ. (2000). Physiological tests for elite athletes. Human Kinetics. Champaign Illinois.
2. Gollu G. (2006). Effects of 2 month plyometric or plyometric and extensive interval exercises together on pyhsiologic parameters of 14-16 age boy and girl basketball players. Master Thesis, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Institute of Health Sciences. Eskisehir.
3. Muratli S., Kalyoncu O., Sahin G. (2007). Antrenman ve müsabaka. Ladin Matbaası. İstanbul.
4. Karatosun H. (2012). Futbolda fiziksel performans gelişimi. Altıntuğ Ofset. Isparta.
5. Piirainen JM., Cronin NJ., Avela J., Linnamo V. (2014). Effects of plyometric and pneumatic explosive strength training on neuromuscular function and dynamic balance control in 60-70 year old males. Jounal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 24(2), 246-252.
6. Chu DA., Faigenbaum AD., Falkel JE. (2006). Progressive plyometrics for kids. Health Learning. USA.
7. Stabenow K., Metcalf T. (2009). Strength training in children and adolescents: raising the bar for young athletes? Sports Health. 1(3), 223-226.
8. Cetin HN., Flock T. (2014). Genel kondüsyon antrenmanı ve sporda performans Kontrolü. Matser Ofset. Ankara.
9. Chelly MS., Hermassi S., Aouadi R., Shephard RJ. (2014). Effects of 8-week in season plyometric training on upper and lower limb performance of elite adolescent handball players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28(5), 1401-1410.
10. Faigenbaum AD., McFarland JE., Keiper FB., Tevli W., Ratamess, NA., Kang J., Hoffman JR. (2007). Effects of a short-term plyometric and resistance training program on fitness performance in boys age 12 to 15 years. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6(4), 519-25.
11. Bavli O. (2012). Comparison the effect of water plyometrics and land plyometrics on body mass index and biomotorical variables of adolescent basketball players. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Science. 4(1), 11-14.
12. Ates M., Demir M., Atesoglu U. (2007). The effect of plyometric training on some physical and physiological parameters of 16-18 years old male soccer players. Nigde University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. 1(1), 1-12.
13. Faigenbaum AD., Kraemer WJ., Blimkie CJ., Jeffreys I., Micheli LJ., Nitka M., Rowland TW. (2009). Youth resistance training: updated position statement paper from the national strength and conditioning association. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(5), 60-79.
14. Harbili S., Ozergin U., Harbili E., Akkuş H. (2005). The effects of strength training on body composotion and some hormones. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences. 16(2), 64-76.
15. Koz M. (2017). Vücut kompozisyonu ve sportif performans ile ilişkisi. http://80.251.40.59/sports.ankara.edu.tr/koz/egz-fizII/vucut.kompz.egz.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2020].
16. Yosmaoglu HB., Baltacı G., Derman O. (2010). Effectiveneses of body fat measurement methods in obese adolescents. Turk Journal of Physiother Rehabilition. 21(3), 125-131.
17. Durnin JVGA., Womersley J. (1974). Body fat assessed from the total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. British Journal of Nutrition. 32(1), 77-97.
18. Siri WE. (1961). Body composition from fluid space and density. İçinde: Brozek J, Hanschel A. (editör). Techniques for measuring body composition. Washington, DC: National Academy of Science; p. 223-244.
19. Ozer MK. (2017). Muscle strength. https://kamilozer.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/09/Kuvvet.pdf. [Erişim tarihi:03.04.2020].
20. Casartelli N., Müller R., Maffiuletti, NA. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Myotest accelerometric system for the assessment of vertical jump height. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 24(11), 3186-3193.
21. Mackenzie B. (2005). 101 Performance evaluation tests. Electric World Publication. London.
22. Tong TK., Wu S., Nie J. (2014). Sport-specific endurance plank test for evaluation of global core muscle function. Physical Therapy in Sport. 15(1), 58-63.
23. Morgan GA., Leech NL., Gloeckner GW., Barret KC. (2004). 2.Eds. SPSS for Introductory Statistics: Use and Interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. London.
24. Can A. (2017). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Pegem Akademi. Ankara.
25. Yorukoglu U., Koz M. (2007). The effect of sport school and sport club trainings on physical, physiological and antrophometric properties of boys whose ages range from 10-13. The Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science. 5(2), 79-83.
26. Hekim M., Hekim H. (2015). Overview to strenght development and strenght trainings in children. The Journal of Current Pediatrics. 13 (2), 110-115.
27. Savucu Y. (2001). Effects of regular specific plyometric training on anaerobic power of young basketball players. Master Thesis, Fırat University Institute of Health Sciences. Elazığ.
28. Arslan O. (2004). The effect of the eight-week pliometric training program on some physical and physiological parameters of 14-16 age group female short distance runners. Master Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Health Sciences. Ankara.
29. Yıldırım T. (2010). The effects of plyometric training programme during eigth weeks on selected physical and physiology parameteres to the high school male volleyballers. Master Thesis, Selcuk Unıversity Institute of Health Sciences. Konya.
30. Gur E. (2001). Effect of pliometric training on young football players' anaerobic power performance. Master Thesis, Fırat University Institute of Health Sciences. Elazig.
31. Nindl BC., Harman EA., Marx JO. (2000). Regional body composition changes in women after 6 months of periodized physical training. Journal of Applied Physiology. 88(6), 2251-2259.
32. Carvalho A., Mourão P., Abade E. (2014). Effects of strength training combined with specific plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump height and lower limb strength development in elite male handball players: a case study. Journal of Human Kinetics. 41(1), 125–132.
33. Fleck SJ., Mattie C., Martensen HC. (2006). Effect of resistance and aerobic training on regional body composition in previously recreationally trained middle-aged women. Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism. 31(3), 261-270
34. Beni M. (2012). Determining the effect of concurrent strength-endurance training on aerobic power and body composition in non-athletic male students. Annals of Biological Research. 3, 395-401.
35. Fatouros IG., Jamurtas AZ., Leontsini D., Taxildaris K., Aggelousis N., Kostopoulos N., Buckenmeyer P. (2000). Evaluation of plyometric exercise training, weight training, and their combination on vertical jumping performance and leg strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 14(4), 470-476.
36. De Villarreal ESS., Requena B., Newton RU. (2010). Does plyometric training improve strength performance? A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13(5), 513-522.
37. Arazi H., Asadi A. (2011). The effect of aquatic and land plyometric training on strength, sprint, and balance in young basketball players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 6(1), 101-111.
38. Perez-Gomez J., Olmedillas H., Delgado-Guerra S., Royo IA., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Ortiz RA., Chavarren J., Calbet JA. (2008). Effects of weight lifting training combined with plyometric exercises on physical fitness, body composition, and knee extension velocity during kicking in football. Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism. 33(3), 501-510.
39. Fattahi A., Kazemini H., Rezaei M., Rahimpour M., Bahmani M., Nia SS., Ameli M., Einanloo M. (2015). Effect of different plyometric training on biomechanical parameters of junior male volleyball players. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports. 4(5), 473-479.
40. Agılonu A., Kiratli G. (2015). The examination of the effects of 8-week plyometric training on some physical fitness parameters of women handball players aged between 12-16 years old. International Journal of Human Sciences. 12(1), 1216-1228.
41. Matavulj D., Kukolj M., Ugarkovic D., Tihanyi J., Jaric, S. (2001). Effects of plyometric training on jumping performance in junior basketball players. Journal of sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 41(2), 159-164.
42. Asadi A., Ramirez-Campillo R., Meylan C., Nakamura FY., Canas-Jamett R., Izquierdo M. (2017). Effects of volume-based overload plyometric training on maximalintensity exercise adaptations in young basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 57(12), 1557-1563.
43. Myer G., Ford K., Palumbo J., Hewitt T. (2005). Neuromuscular training improves performance and lower extremity biomechanics in female athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 19(1), 51-60.
44. Wisløff U., Castagna C., Helgerud J., Jones R., Hoff, J. (2004). Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 38(3), 285–288.
45. Cavdar K. (2006) A study on jumping performances of the students performing plyometric exercises. Master Thesis, Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences. Istanbul.
46. Orhan S., Pulur A., Erol AE. (2008). The effects of the rope and weighed rope trainings on the physical and physiological parameters of the basketball players. Fırat University Medical Journal of Health Sciences. 22(4), 205-210.
47. Ateş M., Ateşoğlu U. (2007). The effect of plyometric training on the strength parameters of upper and lower extremities of 16-18 years old male soccer players. The Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science. 5(1), 21-28.
48. Hammami M., Ramirez-Campillo R., Gaamouri N., Aloui G., Shephard RJ., Chelly MS. (2019). Effects of a combined upper-and lower-limb plyometric training program on high-intensity actions in female U14 handball players. Pediatric Exercise Science. 31(4), 465-472.
49. Pancar Z., Biçer M., Özdal M. (2018). Effect of 8-week plyometric training on selected strength parameters of 12-14 aged woman handball players. Journal of Sports and Performance Researches. 9(1), 18-24.
50. Urer S., Kılınc F. (2014). Investigate the effect of applied plyometric trainings for upper and lower extremities on the vertical jump performance and ratio of shoot accuracy over the block of aged 15-17 male handball players. Inonu University, Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. 1(2), 16-38.

THE EFFECT OF LOWER AND UPPER EXTREMITY PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE PROGRAM ON MAXIMAL STRENGTH AND BODY FAT RATIO OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 374 - 390, 10.12.2020

Umut Canlı Muammer Bayru

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı genç basketbolculara 9 hafta boyunca uygulanan alt ve üst ekstremite pliometrik antrenman programının maksimal kuvvet düzeylerine ve vücut yağ oranlarına etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmaya 30 erkek basketbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Örneklem grubu randomizasyon yöntemi ile kontrol grubu (n = 15; yaş = 14,7±0,97) ve deney grubu (n = 15; yaş = 14,8±0,54) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Katılımcıların boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı ve vücut yağ yüzdeleri ölçülmüştür. Maksimal kuvvet düzeyleri 1 tekrar maksimum (1 TM) leg press, 1 TM leg curl, 1 TM bench press, 1 TM overhead press ve 1 TM high pulley testleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların sıçrama kuvveti counter movement jump (CMJ) testi ile belirlenmiştir. Core kuvveti ise Sport-Specific Core Muscle Strength and Stability Plank Testi ile belirlenmiştir. Grubun (test ve kontrol) ve ölçümün (ön test ve son test) kombine etkisini test etmek için iki yönlü tekrarlanan ölçümler varyans analizi (ANOVA) yapıldı. Kontrol ve deney grubunun boy uzunluğu değişkeni açısından grup-ölçüm ortak etkisi incelendiğinde gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (F(1-28) = 5,27, p<,05). Vücut ağırlığı ve vücut yağ yüzdesi değişkenleri açısından grup-ölçüm etkisi incelendiğinde ise gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (sırasıyla; F(1-28) = 1,86; 5,22, p>,05). Grupların 1 TM leg curl, CMJ, 1 TM bench press, 1 TM overhead press, 1 TM high pulley değişkenleri ile grup-ölçüm sonuçları incelendiğinde deney grubu lehine anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla; F(1-28) = 16,13; 5,20; 4,65; 4,59; 14,7, p<,05). Pliometrik antrenman programının leg press ve plank değişkenleri üzerindeki grup-ölçüm ortak etkileri incelendiğinde gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (sırasıyla; F(1-28) = 0,77; 0,02, p>,05). Sonuç olarak; alt ve üst ekstremite pliometrik antrenman programı genç basketbolcuların maksimal kuvvet düzeylerinin gelişmesine katkı sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

1 repetition maximum, , basketball, body fat percentage

Kaynakça

1. Gore CJ. (2000). Physiological tests for elite athletes. Human Kinetics. Champaign Illinois.
2. Gollu G. (2006). Effects of 2 month plyometric or plyometric and extensive interval exercises together on pyhsiologic parameters of 14-16 age boy and girl basketball players. Master Thesis, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Institute of Health Sciences. Eskisehir.
3. Muratli S., Kalyoncu O., Sahin G. (2007). Antrenman ve müsabaka. Ladin Matbaası. İstanbul.
4. Karatosun H. (2012). Futbolda fiziksel performans gelişimi. Altıntuğ Ofset. Isparta.
5. Piirainen JM., Cronin NJ., Avela J., Linnamo V. (2014). Effects of plyometric and pneumatic explosive strength training on neuromuscular function and dynamic balance control in 60-70 year old males. Jounal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 24(2), 246-252.
6. Chu DA., Faigenbaum AD., Falkel JE. (2006). Progressive plyometrics for kids. Health Learning. USA.
7. Stabenow K., Metcalf T. (2009). Strength training in children and adolescents: raising the bar for young athletes? Sports Health. 1(3), 223-226.
8. Cetin HN., Flock T. (2014). Genel kondüsyon antrenmanı ve sporda performans Kontrolü. Matser Ofset. Ankara.
9. Chelly MS., Hermassi S., Aouadi R., Shephard RJ. (2014). Effects of 8-week in season plyometric training on upper and lower limb performance of elite adolescent handball players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28(5), 1401-1410.
10. Faigenbaum AD., McFarland JE., Keiper FB., Tevli W., Ratamess, NA., Kang J., Hoffman JR. (2007). Effects of a short-term plyometric and resistance training program on fitness performance in boys age 12 to 15 years. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6(4), 519-25.
11. Bavli O. (2012). Comparison the effect of water plyometrics and land plyometrics on body mass index and biomotorical variables of adolescent basketball players. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Science. 4(1), 11-14.
12. Ates M., Demir M., Atesoglu U. (2007). The effect of plyometric training on some physical and physiological parameters of 16-18 years old male soccer players. Nigde University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. 1(1), 1-12.
13. Faigenbaum AD., Kraemer WJ., Blimkie CJ., Jeffreys I., Micheli LJ., Nitka M., Rowland TW. (2009). Youth resistance training: updated position statement paper from the national strength and conditioning association. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(5), 60-79.
14. Harbili S., Ozergin U., Harbili E., Akkuş H. (2005). The effects of strength training on body composotion and some hormones. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences. 16(2), 64-76.
15. Koz M. (2017). Vücut kompozisyonu ve sportif performans ile ilişkisi. http://80.251.40.59/sports.ankara.edu.tr/koz/egz-fizII/vucut.kompz.egz.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2020].
16. Yosmaoglu HB., Baltacı G., Derman O. (2010). Effectiveneses of body fat measurement methods in obese adolescents. Turk Journal of Physiother Rehabilition. 21(3), 125-131.
17. Durnin JVGA., Womersley J. (1974). Body fat assessed from the total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. British Journal of Nutrition. 32(1), 77-97.
18. Siri WE. (1961). Body composition from fluid space and density. İçinde: Brozek J, Hanschel A. (editör). Techniques for measuring body composition. Washington, DC: National Academy of Science; p. 223-244.
19. Ozer MK. (2017). Muscle strength. https://kamilozer.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/09/Kuvvet.pdf. [Erişim tarihi:03.04.2020].
20. Casartelli N., Müller R., Maffiuletti, NA. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Myotest accelerometric system for the assessment of vertical jump height. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 24(11), 3186-3193.
21. Mackenzie B. (2005). 101 Performance evaluation tests. Electric World Publication. London.
22. Tong TK., Wu S., Nie J. (2014). Sport-specific endurance plank test for evaluation of global core muscle function. Physical Therapy in Sport. 15(1), 58-63.
23. Morgan GA., Leech NL., Gloeckner GW., Barret KC. (2004). 2.Eds. SPSS for Introductory Statistics: Use and Interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. London.
24. Can A. (2017). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Pegem Akademi. Ankara.
25. Yorukoglu U., Koz M. (2007). The effect of sport school and sport club trainings on physical, physiological and antrophometric properties of boys whose ages range from 10-13. The Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science. 5(2), 79-83.
26. Hekim M., Hekim H. (2015). Overview to strenght development and strenght trainings in children. The Journal of Current Pediatrics. 13 (2), 110-115.
27. Savucu Y. (2001). Effects of regular specific plyometric training on anaerobic power of young basketball players. Master Thesis, Fırat University Institute of Health Sciences. Elazığ.
28. Arslan O. (2004). The effect of the eight-week pliometric training program on some physical and physiological parameters of 14-16 age group female short distance runners. Master Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Health Sciences. Ankara.
29. Yıldırım T. (2010). The effects of plyometric training programme during eigth weeks on selected physical and physiology parameteres to the high school male volleyballers. Master Thesis, Selcuk Unıversity Institute of Health Sciences. Konya.
30. Gur E. (2001). Effect of pliometric training on young football players' anaerobic power performance. Master Thesis, Fırat University Institute of Health Sciences. Elazig.
31. Nindl BC., Harman EA., Marx JO. (2000). Regional body composition changes in women after 6 months of periodized physical training. Journal of Applied Physiology. 88(6), 2251-2259.
32. Carvalho A., Mourão P., Abade E. (2014). Effects of strength training combined with specific plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump height and lower limb strength development in elite male handball players: a case study. Journal of Human Kinetics. 41(1), 125–132.
33. Fleck SJ., Mattie C., Martensen HC. (2006). Effect of resistance and aerobic training on regional body composition in previously recreationally trained middle-aged women. Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism. 31(3), 261-270
34. Beni M. (2012). Determining the effect of concurrent strength-endurance training on aerobic power and body composition in non-athletic male students. Annals of Biological Research. 3, 395-401.
35. Fatouros IG., Jamurtas AZ., Leontsini D., Taxildaris K., Aggelousis N., Kostopoulos N., Buckenmeyer P. (2000). Evaluation of plyometric exercise training, weight training, and their combination on vertical jumping performance and leg strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 14(4), 470-476.
36. De Villarreal ESS., Requena B., Newton RU. (2010). Does plyometric training improve strength performance? A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13(5), 513-522.
37. Arazi H., Asadi A. (2011). The effect of aquatic and land plyometric training on strength, sprint, and balance in young basketball players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 6(1), 101-111.
38. Perez-Gomez J., Olmedillas H., Delgado-Guerra S., Royo IA., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Ortiz RA., Chavarren J., Calbet JA. (2008). Effects of weight lifting training combined with plyometric exercises on physical fitness, body composition, and knee extension velocity during kicking in football. Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism. 33(3), 501-510.
39. Fattahi A., Kazemini H., Rezaei M., Rahimpour M., Bahmani M., Nia SS., Ameli M., Einanloo M. (2015). Effect of different plyometric training on biomechanical parameters of junior male volleyball players. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports. 4(5), 473-479.
40. Agılonu A., Kiratli G. (2015). The examination of the effects of 8-week plyometric training on some physical fitness parameters of women handball players aged between 12-16 years old. International Journal of Human Sciences. 12(1), 1216-1228.
41. Matavulj D., Kukolj M., Ugarkovic D., Tihanyi J., Jaric, S. (2001). Effects of plyometric training on jumping performance in junior basketball players. Journal of sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 41(2), 159-164.
42. Asadi A., Ramirez-Campillo R., Meylan C., Nakamura FY., Canas-Jamett R., Izquierdo M. (2017). Effects of volume-based overload plyometric training on maximalintensity exercise adaptations in young basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 57(12), 1557-1563.
43. Myer G., Ford K., Palumbo J., Hewitt T. (2005). Neuromuscular training improves performance and lower extremity biomechanics in female athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 19(1), 51-60.
44. Wisløff U., Castagna C., Helgerud J., Jones R., Hoff, J. (2004). Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 38(3), 285–288.
45. Cavdar K. (2006) A study on jumping performances of the students performing plyometric exercises. Master Thesis, Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences. Istanbul.
46. Orhan S., Pulur A., Erol AE. (2008). The effects of the rope and weighed rope trainings on the physical and physiological parameters of the basketball players. Fırat University Medical Journal of Health Sciences. 22(4), 205-210.
47. Ateş M., Ateşoğlu U. (2007). The effect of plyometric training on the strength parameters of upper and lower extremities of 16-18 years old male soccer players. The Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science. 5(1), 21-28.
48. Hammami M., Ramirez-Campillo R., Gaamouri N., Aloui G., Shephard RJ., Chelly MS. (2019). Effects of a combined upper-and lower-limb plyometric training program on high-intensity actions in female U14 handball players. Pediatric Exercise Science. 31(4), 465-472.
49. Pancar Z., Biçer M., Özdal M. (2018). Effect of 8-week plyometric training on selected strength parameters of 12-14 aged woman handball players. Journal of Sports and Performance Researches. 9(1), 18-24.
50. Urer S., Kılınc F. (2014). Investigate the effect of applied plyometric trainings for upper and lower extremities on the vertical jump performance and ratio of shoot accuracy over the block of aged 15-17 male handball players. Inonu University, Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. 1(2), 16-38.

Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm	Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar	Umut Canlı 0000-0001-8603-3492 Muammer Bayru Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2169-2598
Yayımlanma Tarihi	10 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi	26 Haziran 2020
Kabul Tarihi	2 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2020 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA	Canlı, U., & Bayru, M. (2020). THE EFFECT OF LOWER AND UPPER EXTREMITY PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE PROGRAM ON MAXIMAL STRENGTH AND BODY FAT RATIO OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(3), 374-390.

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