Sustainable and Low Power Consumption NO₂ Gas Detection with ZnO/CuO p–n Heterostructure Thin Films
Öz
Monitoring air quality plays a critical role in the development of sustainable cities, particularly in detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), one of the primary pollutants resulting from traffic and industrial activities. This study presents a low-power consumption and sustainable NO₂ gas sensor using ZnO/CuO p–n heterostructure thin films composed of metal oxides that are abundant in soil and non-toxic. The heterostructure thin films were produced using a solution-based sol–gel spin coating method with low energy requirements and annealed at relatively low temperatures, resulting in an environmentally friendly and scalable production process. Structural and morphological characterization results show that ZnO and CuO phases were successfully formed. Gas sensing measurements revealed that ZnO/CuO heterostructure sensors exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to NO₂ gas, especially at low operating temperatures, compared to single-layer ZnO and CuO thin films. This improved sensing performance is attributed to the effective modulation of the depletion region formed at the ZnO/CuO interface as a result of interaction with NO₂ molecules and the high affinity of the p-type CuO surface for oxidizing gases. The proposed sensor architecture provides reliable NO₂ detection with low power consumption, making it a strong candidate for continuous air quality monitoring applications. The combination of non-noble metal material selection, low-temperature sol-gel fabrication approach, and heterostructure interface engineering reveals ZnO/CuO thin films as a promising platform for next-generation sustainable and energy-efficient gas sensors.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Çevresel Olarak Sürdürülebilir Mühendislik
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Sinan Temel
*
0000-0002-0889-9490
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Ekim 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
13 Mart 2026
Kabul Tarihi
19 Haziran 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 13 Sayı: Sürdürülebilirlikte Güncel Yaklaşımlar Özel Sayısı