Araştırma Makalesi

Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production

Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1 31 Mayıs 2026
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Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production

Öz

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is widely recognized as a low-input and environmentally adaptable plant; however, the environmental impacts associated with greenhouse-based seedling production remain insufficiently quantified. This study aimed to evaluate the carbon footprint of lavender seedling production under greenhouse conditions using a life cycle-based approach. This study provides a focused assessment of the seedling production stage, which is often overlooked in life cycle-based evaluations of agricultural systems. The system boundary was limited to operational processes within a single production cycle, and emissions were calculated using activity data and emission factors derived from the IDEMAT 2025 database. Primary data were collected from a 200 m2 greenhouse facility, including water consumption, electricity use, agricultural inputs, transportation, and waste management processes. Emission calculations were performed using relevant emission factors to estimate total greenhouse gas emissions in CO2-equivalent terms. The total carbon footprint was calculated as 265.32 kg CO2-eq per production cycle, corresponding to 0.03 kg CO2-eq per seedling. The results showed that water consumption and electricity use were the dominant contributors to total emissions, whereas agricultural inputs and transportation had relatively minor impacts. Negative emission values associated with waste management and end-of-life processes reflect emission savings (avoided emissions) achieved through recovery and recycling processes within the system. These findings demonstrate that emission intensity in greenhouse-based lavender seedling production is highly dependent on resource use, particularly water and energy. Improving irrigation efficiency and optimizing energy use are critical for reducing carbon emissions. These approaches also support the development of sustainable and resource-efficient agricultural production systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

This study is derived from a master’s thesis on lavender seedling production and environmental sustainability. The authors would like to thank Bilecik Municipality, Department of Parks and Gardens, for providing greenhouse facilities.

Kaynakça

  1. IPCC. (2023). Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/
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  3. Wiedmann, T., & Minx, J. (2008). A definition of ‘carbon footprint’. In C.C. Pertsova (Ed.), Ecological economics research trends (pp. 1-11). Nova Science Publishers.
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  5. Tilman, D., Balzer, C., Hill, J., & Befort, B. L. (2011). Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(50), 20260–20264.
  6. Alhajj Ali, S., Tedone, L., Verdini, L., & De Mastro, G. (2017). Effect of different crop management systems on rainfed durum wheat greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 608–621.
  7. Xiao, C., Zhang, F., Li, Y., Fan, J., Ji, Q., Jiang, F., & He, Z. (2024). Optimizing drip irrigation and nitrogen fertilization regimes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint in saline cotton fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 366, 108912.
  8. Novak, J., & Blüthner, W.D. (eds) (2020) Medicinal, aromatic and stimulant plants. Springer, Berlin.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Çevresel ve Sürdürülebilir Süreçler

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Mayıs 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Mart 2026

Kabul Tarihi

27 Mart 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Şahin, M., & Akgören Palabıyık, G. (2026). Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 301-311. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1913120
AMA
1.Şahin M, Akgören Palabıyık G. Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;13(1):301-311. doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1913120
Chicago
Şahin, Meryem, ve Gülçin Akgören Palabıyık. 2026. “Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13 (1): 301-11. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1913120.
EndNote
Şahin M, Akgören Palabıyık G (01 Mayıs 2026) Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13 1 301–311.
IEEE
[1]M. Şahin ve G. Akgören Palabıyık, “Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production”, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 13, sy 1, ss. 301–311, May. 2026, doi: 10.35193/bseufbd.1913120.
ISNAD
Şahin, Meryem - Akgören Palabıyık, Gülçin. “Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13/1 (01 Mayıs 2026): 301-311. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1913120.
JAMA
1.Şahin M, Akgören Palabıyık G. Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;13:301–311.
MLA
Şahin, Meryem, ve Gülçin Akgören Palabıyık. “Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 13, sy 1, Mayıs 2026, ss. 301-1, doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1913120.
Vancouver
1.Meryem Şahin, Gülçin Akgören Palabıyık. Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 01 Mayıs 2026;13(1):301-1. doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1913120