Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse-Based Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seedling Production
Öz
Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is widely recognized as a low-input and environmentally adaptable plant; however, the environmental impacts associated with greenhouse-based seedling production remain insufficiently quantified. This study aimed to evaluate the carbon footprint of lavender seedling production under greenhouse conditions using a life cycle-based approach. This study provides a focused assessment of the seedling production stage, which is often overlooked in life cycle-based evaluations of agricultural systems. The system boundary was limited to operational processes within a single production cycle, and emissions were calculated using activity data and emission factors derived from the IDEMAT 2025 database. Primary data were collected from a 200 m2 greenhouse facility, including water consumption, electricity use, agricultural inputs, transportation, and waste management processes. Emission calculations were performed using relevant emission factors to estimate total greenhouse gas emissions in CO2-equivalent terms. The total carbon footprint was calculated as 265.32 kg CO2-eq per production cycle, corresponding to 0.03 kg CO2-eq per seedling. The results showed that water consumption and electricity use were the dominant contributors to total emissions, whereas agricultural inputs and transportation had relatively minor impacts. Negative emission values associated with waste management and end-of-life processes reflect emission savings (avoided emissions) achieved through recovery and recycling processes within the system. These findings demonstrate that emission intensity in greenhouse-based lavender seedling production is highly dependent on resource use, particularly water and energy. Improving irrigation efficiency and optimizing energy use are critical for reducing carbon emissions. These approaches also support the development of sustainable and resource-efficient agricultural production systems.
Anahtar Kelimeler
- Carbon footprint
- Lavender
- Greenhouse production
- Sustainable agriculture
- Resource efficiency
- Life cycle-based approach
Teşekkür
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Çevresel ve Sürdürülebilir Süreçler
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Meryem Şahin
Bu kişi benim
0009-0009-9460-7391
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Mayıs 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
19 Mart 2026
Kabul Tarihi
27 Mart 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1