Hardox 450 Çeliğinin Lazerle Delinmesinde Kesme Parametrelerinin Delik Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi ve Kesme Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Hardox 450 çeliğinin lazerle delme işleminde kesme parametrelerinin (odak noktası, kesme hızı, gaz basıncı ve lazer gücü) yüzey pürüzlülüğü ile üst ve alt delik dairesellik toleransı üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Lazer kesme işlemi için deney tasarımı, Taguchi L18 ortogonal dizinine göre yapılmıştır. Deneylerde kesme parametreleri olarak; iki farklı odak noktası, üç farklı gaz basıncı, üç farklı kesme hızı ve üç farklı lazer gücü seçilmiştir. Taguchi yöntemine göre lazer delme işleminde kullanılan kesme parametreleri optimize edildi. Ayrıca kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ile üst ve alt delik dairesellik toleransı üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi için varyans (ANOVA) analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; Hardox 450 çeliğinin delinmesinde kesme hızının ve lazer gücünün artması yüzey pürüzlülüğünün azalmasına neden olurken gaz basıncının ve odak noktasının artması yüzey pürüzlülüğünün artmasına neden olmuştur. Gaz basıncı, kesme hızı ve lazer gücünün artması ile üst ve alt delik dairesellik toleransı artarken, odak noktasının azalması üst ve alt delik dairesellik toleransının azalmasına neden olmuştur. En düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü 0,718 µm için optimum kesme parametreleri -1 mm odak noktası, 0,7 bar gaz basıncı, 1500 mm/sn kesme hızı ve 2600 W lazer gücü olarak belirlenmiştir. Üst ve alt delik için sırası ile en küçük boyutsal tamlık 20,069 mm ve 20,024 mm için optimum kesme parametreleri -1 mm odak noktası, 0,7 bar gaz basıncı, 1100 mm/sn kesme hızı ve 2200 W lazer gücü olmuştur. Varyans analizi sonucu yüzey pürüzlülüğü ile üst ve alt delik dairesellik toleransı için sırası ile en etkin parametre %77,17 %51,40 ve %71,80 ile gaz basıncı olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hardox 450 Çeliği
• Lazer Delme
• Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü
• Dairesellik Toleransı
• Taguchi

Optimization of Cutting Parameters and Investigation of the Effect of Cutting Parameters on Hole Quality in Laser Drilling of Hardox 450 Steel

Öz

In this study, the effects of cutting parameters (focal point, cutting speed, gas pressure, and laser power) on surface roughness with top and bottom-hole circularity tolerance were investigated in laser drilling of Hardox 450 steel. The experimental design for the laser cutting process was made according to the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. As the cutting parameters in the experiments; two different focus points, three different gas pressures, three different cutting speeds, and three different laser powers were selected. The cutting parameters used in the laser drilling process were optimized according to the Taguchi method. In addition, variance (ANOVA) analysis was performed to determine the effects of cutting parameters on surface roughness with tolerance of top and bottom hole circularity. In conclusion; while the increase in cutting speed and laser power in the drilling of Hardox 450 steel caused a decrease in surface roughness, the increase in gas pressure and focus point caused an increase in surface roughness. With the increase of gas pressure, cutting speed, and laser power, the top and bottom hole circularity tolerance increased, while the decrease in the focus point caused the top and bottom hole circularity tolerance to decrease. The optimum cutting parameters for the lowest surface roughness 0.718 µm were determined as -1 mm focus point, 0.7 bar gas pressure, 1500 mm/sec cutting speed, and 2600 W laser power. The optimum cutting parameters for the smallest dimensional accuracy of 20.069 mm and 20.024 mm for the top and bottom holes, respectively, were -1 mm focus point, 0.7 bar gas pressure, 1100 mm/sec cutting speed, and 2200 W laser power. As a result of variance analysis, the most effective parameters for surface roughness and top and bottom hole circularity tolerance were 77.17%, 51.40% and 71.80%, respectively, gas pressure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hardox 450 Steel
• LaserDrilling
• SurfaceRoughness
• Circularity Tolerance
• Taguchi

Kaynakça

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