Yükseklik Gradiyenti Boyunca Diospyros kaki L.’de Yaprak Azot, Fosfor, Karbon Değişimi ve N ve P Rezorbsiyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada; Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yetişen ve güçlü antioksidan içeriğine sahip Diospyros kaki L.’nin azot (N), fosfor (P), karbon (C) düzeyleri ile besin içerikleri, N ve P rezorbsiyonu incelenmiştir. Çalışma Trabzon il sınırları içerisinde yer alan Diospyros kaki’nin yayılış gösterdiği dört farklı lokalitede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen lokalitelerden Mayıs-Aralık ayları boyunca her ay yaprak örneği toplanmıştır. Her bir lokaliteden 20 cm derinlikten toprak örnekleri alınarak N, P ve C analizleri yapılmıştır. N (%) ve N (g dm-2) değerleri lokaliteler arasında, N (%), P (%), C (%), N (g dm-2) ve P (g dm-2) değerleri ise aylar arasında P < 0.01 seviyesinde önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. N ve P rezorbsiyon kullanım verimliliği değerleri sadece 796 m’deki lokalitede belirtilen sınırların altındadır. N ve P rezorbsiyon kullanım yeterlilik değerlerinin ise lokaliteler arasında önemli oranda farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diospyros kaki L.
• Rezorbsiyon
• Trabzon Hurması
• Yaprak Besin İçeriği

Leaf Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Carbon Variation, and N and P Resorption in Diospyros kaki L. along an Altitudinal Gradient

Öz

In the present study, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), carbon (C) levels and nutrient contents, N and P resorption were investigated in Diospyros kaki L., whose leaves has a strong antioxidant property and is cultivated in the Eastern Black Sea Region. The research was carried out at four different locations where Diospyros kaki was grown within the provincial borders of Trabzon. Leaf samples were taken from these selected locations monthly from May to December. Soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-20 cm from each locality. Soil N, P and C analysis were also determined. There were important differences in N (%) concentration and N (g dm-2) content values in terms of localities. N, P and C (%) concentration values significantly varied among months. Similarly, there were notable differences in N and P (g dm-2) values depending on months. Nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiency (RE) values were below stated boundaries at only 796 m. Nitrogen and phosphorus resorption proficiency (RP) values significantly varied between localities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diospyros kaki L.
• Leaves Nutrient Content
• Persimmon
• Resorption

Kaynakça

1. Killingbeck, K.T. (1996). Nutrients in senesced leaves: keys toy he search for potential resorption and resorption proficiency. Ecology, 77, 1726-1727.
2. Killingbeck, K. T. (2004). Nutrient resorption. In: Nooden L.D., editor. Plant Cell Death and Related Processes. San Diego, CA, USA: Academic Press, 215–226.
3. Hagen-Thorn, A., Varnagiryte, I., Nihlgård, B., & Armolaitis, K. (2006) Autumn nutrient resorption and losses in four deciduous forest tree species. Forest Ecology Management, 228, 33-39.
4. Bilgin, A., Zeren, Y., & Güzel, Ş. (2016). Foliar N and P resorption and nutrient (N, P, C and S) contents of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L. from East Black Sea region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 40, 137-146.
5. Kılınç, M., Kutbay, H.G., Yalçın, E., & Bilgin, A. (2006). Plant ecology and plant sociology applications. Palme Yayınları, Yayın No: 394, ISBN: 975-8982-98-2, 362, 168-169.
6. Wang, Z., Lu, J., Yang, H., Zhang, X., Luo, C., & Zhao, Y. (2014). Resorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from leaves of lucerne stands of different ages. Plant Soil, 383, 301-312.
7. Aerts, R., & Chapin, F.S. (2000). The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: A re-evaluation of processes and patterns. Advances of Ecological Research, 30, 1-67.
8. Yuan, Z.Y., Li, L.H., Han, X.G., Huang, J.H., Jiang, G.M., Wan, S.Q., Zhang, W.H., & Chen, Q.S. (2005). Nitrogen resorption from senescing leaves in 28 plant species in a semiarid region of northern China. Journal of Arid Environments, 63,191-202.

9. Gürsoy, S., Kutbay, H.G., Kilic, D.D., Huseyinova, R., Bilgin, A., & Yilmaz, H. (2013). Nitrogen and phosphorus resorption in two wetland macrophytes. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45(5), 1707-1714.
10. Tuzcu, Ö., & Yıldırım, B. (2000). Trabzon hurması (Diospyros kaki L.) ve yetiştiriciliği. TÜBİTAK/TOGTAG. Ankara. 24s.
11. Boerner, R.E.J., & Koslowsky, S.D. (1989). Microsite variations in soil chemistry nitrogen mineralization in a beech maple forest. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 21, 795-801.
12. Jiménez, R.R., & Ladha, J.K. (1993). Automated elemental analysis: A rapid and reliable but expensive measurement of total carbon and nitrogen in plant and soil samples. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 24, 1897-1924.
13. Allen, S.E., Grimshaw, H.M., Parkinson, J.A., Quarmby, C., & Roberts, J.D. (1986). Chemical analysis, In: Chapman S.B. (Ed), Methods in plant ecology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford,411-466.
14. Cornelissen, J.H.C., Werger, M.J.A., Castro-Diez, P., Ven Rheen, J.W.A., & Rowland, A.P. (1997). Foliar nutrients in relation to growth allocation and leaf traits in seedlings of a wide range of woody plant species. Oecologia, 111, 460-469.
15. Orgeas, J., Ourcival, J.M., & Bonin, G. (2002). Seasonal and spatial patterns of foliar nutrients in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) growing on siliceous soils in Provence (France). Plant Ecology, 164, 201-211.
16. Rejmankova, E. (2005). Nutrient resorption in wetland macrophytes: comparison across several regions of different nutrient status. New Phytologist, 167, 471-482.
17. Oleksyn, J., Reich, P.B., Zytkowiak, R., Karolewski, P., & Tjoelker, M.G. (2002). Needle nutrients in geographically diverse Pinus sylvestris L. populations. Annals of Forest Science, 59, 1-18.
18. Kutbay, H.G., Ok, T., Bilgin, A., & Yalcin, E. (2005). Seasonal nutrient levels and foliar resorption in Juniperus phoenicea. Belgian Journal of Botany, 138, 67-75.
19. Özbucak, T.B., Turkis, S., & Cakmak, A. (2009). An ecological study on some Rhododendron species distributed around Ordu province. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2, 71-77.
20. Turkis, S., & Ozbucak, T. (2010). Foliar resorption and chlorophyll content in leaves of Cistus creticus L. (Cistaceae) along an elevational gradient in Turkey. Acta Botanica Croatica, 69 (2), 275-290.
21. Karavin, N. (2010). Bir Quercus cerris L. var. cerris ormanında bulunan yaprak döken (Quercus cerris L. var. cerris) ve yaprak dökmeyen (Phillyrea latifolia L.) iki türde yaprakta N ve P rezorbsiyonunun, dekompozisyonunun ve mineral besin maddesi değişiminin incelenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
22. Aerts, R. (1996). Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves of perennials: are there general patterns? Journal of Ecology, 84, 597-608.
23. Boerner, R. E. J. (1984). Foliar nutrient dynamics and nutrient use efficiency or four deciduous tree species in relation to nutrient fertility. Journal of Applied Ecology, 21, 1029-1040.
24. Côté, B., Fyles, J. W., & Djalilvand, H. (2002). Increasing N and P resorption efficiency and proficiency in northern deciduous hardwoods with decreasing foliar N and P concentrations. Annals of Forest Science, 59, 275-281.
25. Stackpoole, S.M., Workmaster, B.A.A., Jackson, R.D., & Kosola, K.R. (2008). Nitrogen conservation strategies of cranberry plants and ericoid mycorrhizal fungi in an agroecosystem. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40, 2736–2742.
26. Roley, S. S., Ulbrich, T. C., & Robertson, G. P. (2021). Nitrogen fixation and resorption efficiency differences among twelve upland and lowland switchgrass cultivars, Phytobiomes Journal, 5, 97-107.
27. Bilgin, A., & Güzel, Ş. (2017). Foliar resorption and nutrient changes in leaves and soils of Tilia rubra subsp. caucasica (linden) along an altitudinal gradient during the growing season. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26, 1607-1621.
28. Kilic, D., Kutbay, H. G., Ozbucak, T., & Huseyinova, R.(2010).Foliar resorption in Quercus petraea subsp. iberica and Arbutus andrachne along an elevational gradient. Annals ofForest Science,67, 213.
29. Nambiar, E.K.S., & Fife, D.N. (1987). Growth and nutrient retrains location in needles of radiate pine in relation to nitrogen supply. Annals of Botany, 60, 147-156.
30. Kong, M., Kang, J., Han, C. L., Gu, Y. J., Siddique, K. H. M., &Li, F. M. (2020). Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium resorption responses of alfalfa to increasing soil water and P availability in a semi-arid environment. Agronomy, 10, 310.
31. Oikawa, S., Matsui, Y., Oguro, M., Okanishi, M., Tanabe, R., Tanaka, T., Togashi, A., & Itagaki, T. (2020) Species-specific nitrogen resorption proficiency in legumes and nonlegumes. Journal of Plant Research, 133, 639-648.