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Altınotu (Helichrysum italicum Mill.): Yetiştiriciliği ve Kullanım Alanları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 367 - 375, 30.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1499645

Öz

Altınotu bitkisi Asteraceae familyasının Helichrysum cinsine ait yarı çalımsı çok yıllık bir bitkidir. Helichrysum italicum Mill. Türkiye florasında olmamasına rağmen tipik bir Akdeniz bitkisidir. Dünya’da Hırvatistan, Bosna-Hersek, Arnavutluk ve Fransa’da yetiştiriciliği yapılmakla birlikte Türkiye’nin değişik illerinde de yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. H. italicum kuru, kumlu ve kayalık bölgelerde doğal olarak yetişmektedir. Bitki yüksek yaz sıcaklıklarına ve kuraklığa dayanıklıdır. H. italicum hem generatif hemde vejetatif olarak çoğaltılabilmektedir. Ancak tohumları çok küçük olduğu için tohumların viyol ya da kasalara ekilmesi önerilmektedir. Vejetatif olarak ise 1 yıllık sürgünlerden alınan çelikler kullanılmaktadır. Fideler dikildikleri yıl verimleri genellikle düşük olmaktadır. En yüksek verim 3-6. yıllar arasında alınmaktadır. Ortalama taze herba verimi 700-800 kg/da, uçucu yağ verimi ise 0,8-1,2 kg/da arasında değişmektedir. Uçucu yağın önemli bileşenleri nerol, neril asetat, rosifiliol, selinen ve kurkumin türevleridir. Helichrysum cinsleri tarih boyunca geleneksel halk hekimliğinde kullanılmıştır. Genellikle diüretik ve safra düzenleyici olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bunun yanında antimikrobiyal, antibakteriyal, antiviral, antifungal, antioksidan ve antiinflamatuar etkileri olduğu da bilinmektedir. H.italicum bitkisinin uçucu yağları kozmetik sektöründe ve parfümeri sanayinde de kullanılmaktadır. Güney Asya ve Orta Doğu’da et yemeklerinde, taze peynirlerde ve salatalarda köri aroması olarak kullanılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Davis, P.H., (Ed.) (1975). “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands” University Press, Edinburg, Vol.5, s:80-97.
  • Davis, P.H., Mill R.R., Tan K., (Ed) (1988). “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands-Supplement” University Press, Edinburg, Vol.10, s:159-160,342.
  • Öztürk, B. (2004). Türkiye Helichrysum’larının Flavonoid ve Uçucu yağ İçerikleri Açısından Karşılaştırması ve Antioksidan, Antimikrobial Aktivite Potansiyelleri. T.C. Ege Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmasötik Botanik Anabilim Dalı Programı Doktora Tezi.
  • Coşkun, M. T. (2019). Helichrysum Compactum Boiss.(Asteraceae) Üzeri̇nde Morfoloji̇k, Mi̇kromorfoloji̇k ve Pali̇noloji̇k Çalışmalar (Master's Thesis, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Appendino, G., Minassi, A., Pollastro, F., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., Ballero, M., Maxia, A., & Sanna, C. (2015). Helichrysum italicum: the sleeping giant of Mediterranean herbal medicine. Herbalgram, (105).
  • Ličina, A., & Kralj, V. R. (2016). Mediterranean Gold—Helichrysum italicum. Corsican Helichrysum, 5.
  • Albayrak, S., (2008). Türkiye Helichrysum Mill.(Asteraceae) Taksonlarının Biyoaktiviteleri. T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi. Kayseri.
  • Ok, D. (2009). Türkiye Helichrysum Mıll. (Asteraceae) Taksonlarının Polen Morfolojileri. T.C Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Hassine, D. B., Khlifi, D., Ferhout, H., Raoelison, E. G., & Bouajila, J. (2016). Curry Plant (Helichrysum Sp.) Oils. Essential Oils İn Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, 395-403.
  • İnsel, B. (2019). Piyasada Ölmez Çiçek (Helichrysum Sp.) Olarak Satılan Kurutulmuş Bitki Örneklerinin Kalite Parametrelerinin Değerlendirilmesi (Master's Thesis, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Anonim, (2021). Ölmez Çiçek (Helichrysum italicum) Tarımı ve Endüstrisi Fizibilite raporu, BAKA. https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/lmez-cicek-tarimi-ve-endustrisi-fizibilite-raporu.pdf
  • Eroğlu, H. E. (2018). Türkiye Helichrysum Taksonlarının Türkçe ve Diğer Dillerdeki İsimleri. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 6(1), 26-34.
  • Bianchini, A., Tomi, P., Costa, J., & Bernardini, A. F. (2001). Composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil. subsp. italicum essential oils from Corsica (France). Flavour and fragrance journal, 16(1), 30-34.
  • Maksimovic, S., Tadic, V., Skala, D., Zizovic, I. (2017). Separation of phytochemicals from Helichrysum italicum : An analysis of different isolation techniques and biological activity of prepared extracts. Phytochemistry, 138, 9-28.
  • Miloradovic, Z., Glamoclija, D., Popovic, V., Jovanovic, L., Popovic, S., Ugrenovic, V., & Filipovic, V. (2018). Fresh yield biomass immortelle and essential oils contents depending on the growing locality. In Proceeding of the Eco-Conference: Ecological Movement of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia (pp. 26-28).
  • Anonymus, (2021). https://www.syngentaflowers-us.com/sites/g/files/zhg721/f/media/2020/03/05/culture_vegetative_curryplant_helichrysumitalicum.pdf.
  • Jovović, Z., Salkić, B., Velimirović, A., Vukićević, P., & Salkić, A. (2018). Production of immortelle seedlings according to the principles of organic production. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 21(6), 1-5.
  • Pohajda I.. Dragun G.. Puharić-Visković N. (2015). Smilje. Savjetodavna služba. Zagreb.
  • Čagalj, M., Grgić, I., Zrakić, M., & Ivanković, M. (2019). Economic evaluation (efficiency) of investment in organically grown immortelle [Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum] in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first report from Mediterranean. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 20(1), 524-541.
  • Stepanović B, Radanović D, Turšić I, Nemčević N, Ivanec J. (2009). Uzgoj ljekovitog i aromatičnog bilja. Jan-Spider d.o.o.,Pitomača.
  • Jočić, A., (2017). Efficiency of new liquid fertilizers chap liquid in immortelle plantation production system (Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil.). Proceedings conference of agronomy students with international participation, 451.
  • Bahadırlı, N. P., Yıldırım, M. U., & Sarıhan, E. O. (2024). Diurnal, and seasonal dynamics in essential oil content and composition of cultivated Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 117, 104888.
  • Ostojić, I., Zovko, M., Petrović, D., & Bošnjak, L. (2018). Štetnıcı Smılja [Helichrysum İtalicum (Roth) G. Don.] U Plantažnom Uzgoju Na Području Hercegovıne. Fragmenta Phytomedica, 32(1), 21-30.
  • Wrzesıńska, D., Sawılska, A, K. (2010). Butterflies infesting dwarf everlast [Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench]. Prog. Plant Prot., Vol. 50, 3: 1322‐1326.
  • Perrini R, Morone-Fortunato I, Lorusso E, Avato P. (2009). Glands, essential oils and in vitro establishment of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don ssp. italicum. Ind. Crop. Prod. 29:395-403.
  • Roussis, V., Tsoukatou, M., Petrakis, P. V., Chinou, I., Skoula, M., & Harborne, J. B. (2000). Volatile constituents of four Helichrysum species growing in Greece. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(2), 163-175.
  • Bianchini, A., Tomi, P., Bernardini, A. F., Morelli, I., Flamini, G., Cioni, P. L., ... & Marchetti, M. (2003). A comparative study of volatile constituents of two Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Guss. Don Fil subspecies growing in Corsica (France), Tuscany and Sardinia (Italy). Flavour and fragrance journal, 18(6), 487-491.
  • Rossi, P. G., Berti, L., Panighi, J., Luciani, A., Maury, J., Muselli, A., ... & Bolla, J. M. (2007). Antibacterial action of essential oils from Corsica. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 19(2), 176-182.
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Immortelle (Helichrysum italicum Mill.): Cultivation and Usage Areas

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 367 - 375, 30.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1499645

Öz

The immortelle plant is a semi-shrub perennial plant belonging to the Helichrysum genus of the Asteraceae family. Although Helichrysum italicum Mill. is not found in the flora of Türkiye, it is a typical Mediterranean plant. Moreover, it is grown in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Albania, France, and different regions of Türkiye. H. italicum grows naturally in dry, sandy, and rocky areas. The plant is resistant to high summer temperatures and drought. H. italicum can be propagated both generatively and vegetatively. However, since the seeds are very small, it is recommended to plant them in seedlings trays or boxes. For vegetative propagation, cuttings taken from one-year-old shoots are used. The yield of seedlings is usually low in the first year they are planted. The highest yield is obtained between the 3rd and 6th years. The average fresh herb yield ranges between 700-800 kg per decare, and the essential oil yield varies between 0.8-1.2 kg per decare. Major constituents of the essential oil include nerol, neryl acetatet, rosifoliol, selinene, and derivatives of curcumen. Species of the Helichrysum genus have been historically utilized in traditional folk medicine. They are predominantly employed as diuretic and choleretic agents. Additionally, they have been reported to possess antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The essential oils of H. italicum are also widely used in the cosmetics and perfumery industries. Furthermore, in South Asia and the Middle East, they are employed as a curry-like flavoring in meat dishes, fresh cheeses, and salads.

Kaynakça

  • Davis, P.H., (Ed.) (1975). “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands” University Press, Edinburg, Vol.5, s:80-97.
  • Davis, P.H., Mill R.R., Tan K., (Ed) (1988). “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands-Supplement” University Press, Edinburg, Vol.10, s:159-160,342.
  • Öztürk, B. (2004). Türkiye Helichrysum’larının Flavonoid ve Uçucu yağ İçerikleri Açısından Karşılaştırması ve Antioksidan, Antimikrobial Aktivite Potansiyelleri. T.C. Ege Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmasötik Botanik Anabilim Dalı Programı Doktora Tezi.
  • Coşkun, M. T. (2019). Helichrysum Compactum Boiss.(Asteraceae) Üzeri̇nde Morfoloji̇k, Mi̇kromorfoloji̇k ve Pali̇noloji̇k Çalışmalar (Master's Thesis, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Appendino, G., Minassi, A., Pollastro, F., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., Ballero, M., Maxia, A., & Sanna, C. (2015). Helichrysum italicum: the sleeping giant of Mediterranean herbal medicine. Herbalgram, (105).
  • Ličina, A., & Kralj, V. R. (2016). Mediterranean Gold—Helichrysum italicum. Corsican Helichrysum, 5.
  • Albayrak, S., (2008). Türkiye Helichrysum Mill.(Asteraceae) Taksonlarının Biyoaktiviteleri. T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi. Kayseri.
  • Ok, D. (2009). Türkiye Helichrysum Mıll. (Asteraceae) Taksonlarının Polen Morfolojileri. T.C Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Hassine, D. B., Khlifi, D., Ferhout, H., Raoelison, E. G., & Bouajila, J. (2016). Curry Plant (Helichrysum Sp.) Oils. Essential Oils İn Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, 395-403.
  • İnsel, B. (2019). Piyasada Ölmez Çiçek (Helichrysum Sp.) Olarak Satılan Kurutulmuş Bitki Örneklerinin Kalite Parametrelerinin Değerlendirilmesi (Master's Thesis, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Anonim, (2021). Ölmez Çiçek (Helichrysum italicum) Tarımı ve Endüstrisi Fizibilite raporu, BAKA. https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/lmez-cicek-tarimi-ve-endustrisi-fizibilite-raporu.pdf
  • Eroğlu, H. E. (2018). Türkiye Helichrysum Taksonlarının Türkçe ve Diğer Dillerdeki İsimleri. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 6(1), 26-34.
  • Bianchini, A., Tomi, P., Costa, J., & Bernardini, A. F. (2001). Composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil. subsp. italicum essential oils from Corsica (France). Flavour and fragrance journal, 16(1), 30-34.
  • Maksimovic, S., Tadic, V., Skala, D., Zizovic, I. (2017). Separation of phytochemicals from Helichrysum italicum : An analysis of different isolation techniques and biological activity of prepared extracts. Phytochemistry, 138, 9-28.
  • Miloradovic, Z., Glamoclija, D., Popovic, V., Jovanovic, L., Popovic, S., Ugrenovic, V., & Filipovic, V. (2018). Fresh yield biomass immortelle and essential oils contents depending on the growing locality. In Proceeding of the Eco-Conference: Ecological Movement of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia (pp. 26-28).
  • Anonymus, (2021). https://www.syngentaflowers-us.com/sites/g/files/zhg721/f/media/2020/03/05/culture_vegetative_curryplant_helichrysumitalicum.pdf.
  • Jovović, Z., Salkić, B., Velimirović, A., Vukićević, P., & Salkić, A. (2018). Production of immortelle seedlings according to the principles of organic production. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 21(6), 1-5.
  • Pohajda I.. Dragun G.. Puharić-Visković N. (2015). Smilje. Savjetodavna služba. Zagreb.
  • Čagalj, M., Grgić, I., Zrakić, M., & Ivanković, M. (2019). Economic evaluation (efficiency) of investment in organically grown immortelle [Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum] in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first report from Mediterranean. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 20(1), 524-541.
  • Stepanović B, Radanović D, Turšić I, Nemčević N, Ivanec J. (2009). Uzgoj ljekovitog i aromatičnog bilja. Jan-Spider d.o.o.,Pitomača.
  • Jočić, A., (2017). Efficiency of new liquid fertilizers chap liquid in immortelle plantation production system (Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil.). Proceedings conference of agronomy students with international participation, 451.
  • Bahadırlı, N. P., Yıldırım, M. U., & Sarıhan, E. O. (2024). Diurnal, and seasonal dynamics in essential oil content and composition of cultivated Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 117, 104888.
  • Ostojić, I., Zovko, M., Petrović, D., & Bošnjak, L. (2018). Štetnıcı Smılja [Helichrysum İtalicum (Roth) G. Don.] U Plantažnom Uzgoju Na Području Hercegovıne. Fragmenta Phytomedica, 32(1), 21-30.
  • Wrzesıńska, D., Sawılska, A, K. (2010). Butterflies infesting dwarf everlast [Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench]. Prog. Plant Prot., Vol. 50, 3: 1322‐1326.
  • Perrini R, Morone-Fortunato I, Lorusso E, Avato P. (2009). Glands, essential oils and in vitro establishment of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don ssp. italicum. Ind. Crop. Prod. 29:395-403.
  • Roussis, V., Tsoukatou, M., Petrakis, P. V., Chinou, I., Skoula, M., & Harborne, J. B. (2000). Volatile constituents of four Helichrysum species growing in Greece. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(2), 163-175.
  • Bianchini, A., Tomi, P., Bernardini, A. F., Morelli, I., Flamini, G., Cioni, P. L., ... & Marchetti, M. (2003). A comparative study of volatile constituents of two Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Guss. Don Fil subspecies growing in Corsica (France), Tuscany and Sardinia (Italy). Flavour and fragrance journal, 18(6), 487-491.
  • Rossi, P. G., Berti, L., Panighi, J., Luciani, A., Maury, J., Muselli, A., ... & Bolla, J. M. (2007). Antibacterial action of essential oils from Corsica. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 19(2), 176-182.
  • Kladar, N. V., Anačkov, G. T., Rat, M. M., Srđenović, B. U., Grujić, N. N., Šefer, E. I., & Božin, B. N. (2015). Biochemical characterization of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don subsp. italicum (Asteraceae) from Montenegro: Phytochemical screening, chemotaxonomy, and antioxidant properties. Chemistry & biodiversity, 12(3), 419-431.
  • Leonardi M, Ambryszewska KE, Melai B, Flamini G, Cioni PL, Parri F, Pistelli L. (2013). Essential-oil composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G.Don ssp. italicum from Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy). Chem Biodivers. 10(3):343-55. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201200222. PMID: 23495152.
  • Melito, S., Petretto, G. L., Podani, J., Foddai, M., Maldini, M., Chessa, M., & Pintore, G., (2016). Altitude and climate influence Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum essential oils composition. Industrial Crops and Products, 80, 242-250.
  • Kılıçarslan, G. (2020). İstanbul Silivri ve İzmir Menemen Bölgesinde Kültürü Yapılan Helichrysum Italıcum (Roth) Guss. Don. Bitkisinin Uçucu Yağı Ve Sıvı Ekstrelerinin Karşılaştırılması Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Ve Doğal Ürünler Kimyası Anabilim Dalı Farmakognozi Ve Doğal Ürünler Kimyası Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Jerković, I., Rajić, M., Marijanović, Z., Bilić, M., & Jokić, S. (2016). Optimization of supercritical CO2 extraction of dried Helichrysum italicum flowers by response surface methodology: GC-MS profiles of the extracts and essential oil. Separation Science and Technology, 51(18), 2925-2931.
  • Djihane, B., Wafa, N., Elkhamssa, S., Maria, A. E., & Mihoub, Z. M. (2017). Chemical constituents of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don essential oil and their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and Candida albicans. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 25(5), 780-787.
  • Viegas, D. A., Palmeira-de-Oliveira, A., Salgueiro, L., Martinez-de-Oliveira, J., & Palmeira-de-Oliveira, R. (2014). Helichrysum italicum: From traditional use to scientific data. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(1), 54-65.
  • Rigano, D., Formisano, C., Pagano, E., Senatore, F., Piacente, S., Masullo, M., ... & Borrelli, F. (2014). A new acetophenone derivative from flowers of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum. Fitoterapia, 99, 198-203.
  • Scarborough,J.,(1978).Theophrastus on herbals and herbal remedies. J. Hist. Biol. 11, 353–385.
  • Bahadırlı NP. (2022). Herdemyeşil sanguineum (L.) Kostel'in ticari açıdan genişlemesinin değerlendirilmesi. Tıbbi VeAromatik Bitkilerin Fonksiyonel Kullanım Alanları, Ticareti Ve Sürdürülebilirliği (Ed: Rüveyde Tunçtürk) (İçindeTürkçe).
  • Yabalak, E., Bahadırlı, N. P., Yetkin, D., Yaldız, F. D., & Han Türkseven, Ç. (2024). Unlocking nature’s potential: anticancer potential of Helichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel on breast cancer cells and its chemical composition. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 1-13.
  • Quer, P.F., (1993). Plant as Medicinales, El Dioscórides Renovado,14 th ed. Editoral Labor, S.A., Barcelona.
  • Lourens, A. C., Viljoen, A. M., van Heerden, F. R., (2008). South African Helichrysum species: a review of the traditional uses, biological activity and phytochemistry. J. Ethnopharmacol. 119,630–652.
  • Babotă, M., Mocan, A., Vlase, L., Crișan, O., Ielciu, I., Gheldiu, A. M., ... & Păltinean, R. (2018). Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. and Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn. flowers. Molecules, 23(2), 409.
  • Albayrak, S., Aksoy, A., Sagdic, O., & Hamzaoglu, E. (2010). Compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Helichrysum (Asteraceae) species collected from Turkey. Food chemistry, 119(1), 114-122.
  • Musabayane, C. T., Munjeri, O., & Mdege, N. D. (2003). Effects of Helichrysum ceres Extracts on Renal. Renal failure, 25(1), 5-14.
  • Onaran, M., Orhan, N., Farahvash, A., Ekin, H. N., Kocabıyık, M., Gönül, İ. I., ... & Aslan, M. (2016). Successful treatment of sodium oxalate induced urolithiasis with Helichrysum flowers. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 186, 322-328.
  • Coşar, G., Çubukçu, B., (1990). Antibacterial activity of Helichrysum species growing in Turkey, Fitoterapia; LXI: 161–4.
  • Rančić, A., Soković, M., Vukojević, J., Simić, A., Marin, P., Duletić-Laušević, S., & Djoković, D. (2005). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils of Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop, Hypericum perforatum L and Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(3), 341-345.
  • Aslan, M., Katircioglu, H., Orhan, I., Atici, T., & Sezik, E. (2007). Antibacterial potential of the capitula of eight Anatolian Helichrysum species. Turk J Pharm Sci, 4(2), 71-77.
  • Chinou, I. B., Roussis, V., Perdetzoglou, D., Tzakou, O., & Loukis, A. (1997). Chemical and Antibacterial Studies of two Helichrysum Species of Greek Origin1. Planta medica, 63(02), 181-183.
  • Sobhy, E. A., & El-Feky, S. S. (2007). Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of Helichrysum stoechas. Asian journal of plant sciences.
  • Mollova, S., Fidan, H., Antonova, D., Bozhilov, D., Stanev, S., Kostova, I., & Stoyanova, A. (2020). Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don subspecies essential oils. Turkish journal of agriculture and forestry, 44(4), 371-378.
  • Oliva, A., Garzoli, S., Sabatino, M., Tadić, V., Costantini, S., Ragno, R., & Božović, M. (2020). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil. (Asteraceae) from Montenegro. Natural product research, 34(3), 445-448.
  • Bacıc, A., Prazına, N., Hadzıc-Hasanovıc, V., Dacıc, M., Ajanovıć, A. And Mahmutovıc, O. (2021). Chemıcal Composıtıon and Antımıcrobıal Actıvıty of The Essentıal Oıl Of Helichrysum İtalicum (Roth) G. Don From Bosnıa And Herzegovına. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology 22(49&50):67-73.
  • Bouchaala, M., Ramdani, M., Lograda, T., Chalard, P., & Figueredo, G. (2017). Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and chromosome number of Helichrysum lacteum, endemic from Algeria. Int. J. Pharma Res. Health. Sci, 5(1), 1539-1545.
  • Eksi, M., Sevgi, O., Akburak, S., Yurtseven, H., & Esin, I. (2020). Assessment of recycled or locally available materials as green roof substrates. Ecological Engineering, 156, 105966.
  • Başer, K.H.C. (2015). Ölmezçiçek (Helichrysum Mill.). Bağ Bahçe 58: 16-18.
  • Voinchet V, Giraud-Robert AM., (2007). Utilisation de l’huile essentielle d’hélichryse italienne et de l’huile végétale de rose musquée après intervention de chirurgie plastique réparatrice et esthétique. Phytothérapie. 5: 67-72.
  • Guinoiseau, E., Lorenzi, V., Luciani, A., Muselli, A., Costa, J., Casanova, J., & Berti, L. (2013). Biological properties and resistance reversal effect of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don. Microbial pathogens and strategies for combating them: science, technology and education, 2, 1073-1080.
  • Lawless J. (2002). The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils. London: Thorsons. p107.
  • Catty S. (2001). Hydrosols: the next Aromatherapy. Vermont: Healing Arts Press. p96–97.
  • Mathekga, A., Meyer, J.J.M., Horn, M.M., Drewes, S.E., (2000). An acylated phloroglucinol with antimicrobial properties from Helichrysum caespititium. Phytochemistry 53, 93–96.
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Selim Taşgın 0000-0001-8606-0626

Zehra Aytaç 0000-0002-8663-093X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Haziran 2024
Kabul Tarihi 6 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Taşgın, S., & Aytaç, Z. (2025). Altınotu (Helichrysum italicum Mill.): Yetiştiriciliği ve Kullanım Alanları. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 367-375. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1499645