Ekonomik Özgürlüklerin Turizm Rekabetçiliği Üzerine Etkisi: Latin Amerika Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar

Öz

Bu çalışmada Latin Amerika ülkeleri kapsamında ekonomik özgürlüklerin turizm rekabetçiliği ile olan ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Ekonomik özgürlük göstergesi olarak Heritage Foundation tarafından yayınlanan Ekonomik Özgürlük Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Turizm rekabetçiliği göstergesi olarak ise Dünya Ekonomik Forumu tarafından yayınlanan Seyahat ve Turizm Rekabetçiliği Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Ekonomik özgürlük endeksinin alt endeksi olan kamu harcamaları ve bunun dışında Yolsuzluk Algısı Endeksi, kişi başına düşen GSYİH, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ve ticari açıklık oranı ise açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. 18 Latin Amerika ülkesine ait 2007-2019 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak panel veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda incelenen Latin Amerika ülkelerinde ekonomik özgürlükler arttıkça bu ülkelerde turizm rekabetçiliğinin arttığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ekonomik özgürlükler
• turizm rekabetçiliği
• Latin Amerika ülkeleri
• panel veri analizi

The Impact of Economic Freedoms on Tourism Competitiveness: Empirical Evidence from Latin America Countries

Öz

This study aims to investigate the relationship between economic freedoms and tourism competitiveness with respect to Latin American countries. Index of Economic Freedom published by Heritage Foundation was used as the indicator of economic freedoms. Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index published by World Economic Forum was utilized as the indicator of tourism competitiveness. In addition to government spending, which is a sub-index of the index of economic freedom, Corruption Perception Index, GDP per capita, foreign direct investments, and trade openness ratio were included in the study as control variables. Panel data analysis was carried out using data of the period 2007-2019 belonging to 18 Latin American countries. It was found out at the end of the analysis that as economic freedoms increased in Latin American countries; tourism competitiveness also increased in these countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• economic freedoms
• tourism competitiveness
• Latin America countries
• panel data analysis

Kaynakça

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