An Overview of Orthodontic Functional Analysis

Yıl 2021, , 335 - 340, 01.09.2021

Alev Aksoy , Zaid Abdulhussein

https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.872316

Öz

Functional analysis is mainly concerned with the functional units of the masticatory system. Given the gradual development and indirect accumulative effect of occlusal disharmonies, functional analysis could be considered the only method that can demonstrate malocclusions and their possible connections with functional disturbances and disorders. Thus, analysis of the functional units of the stomatognathic system should follow the clinical examination of the various components of the craniofacial complex in static and dynamic relationship, to achieve a comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Assessment of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) is one of the major elements of the functional analysis, and one of the long-term objectives of orthodontic treatment is to obtain an optimal function and health of the TMJs and masticatory system. Therefore, many studies discuss the condition of the TMJs in the pre- and post-treatment phases, regarding the disorders that may be present or will develop in the future. In this context, the objective of this literature overview is to explain the need of the functional analysis in modern orthodontics and the parts and components involved in the examination of the functional units of the stomatognathic system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temporomandibular joints, Temporomandibular disorders, Functional analysis, Orthodontics

Kaynakça

• Abekura H, Kotani H, Tokuyama H, Hamada T. 1995. Asymmetry of masticatory muscle activity during intercuspal maximal clenching in healthy subjects and subjects with stomatognathic dysfunction syndrome. J Oral Rehab, 22(9): 699-704.
• Anitua E, Duran-Cantolla J, Almeida GZ, Alkhraisat MH. 2017. Minimizing the mandibular advancement in an oral appliance for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Medicine, 34: 226-231.
• Bosman F, Van Der Bilt A, Abbink JH, Van Der Glas HW. 2004. Neuromuscular control mechanisms in human mastication. J Texture Stud, 35(2): 201-221.
• Brodie AG. 1941. On the growth pattern of the human head. From the third month to the eighth year of life. Amerikan J Anatomy, 68(2): 209-262.
• Dahlström L. 1989. Electromyographic studies of craniomandibular disorders: a review of the literature. J Oral Rehab, 16(1): 1-20.
• de Lima Lucas B, Barbosa TS, Castelo PM, Gaviao MBD. 2017. Influence of anthropometry, TMD, and sex on molar bite force in adolescents with and without orthodontic needs. J Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie, 78(6): 487-493.
• Denes B J, Lazzarotto B, Bresin A, Kiliaridis S. 2018. Effect of different masticatory functional demands on the 3D mandibular condyle morphology of growing rats using posterior bite-blocks. European J Orthod, 40(3): 312-316.
• Emshoff R, Bertram S, Brandmaier I, Scheiderbauer G, Rudisch A, Bogner G. 2002. Ultrasonographic assessment of local cross‐sectional dimensions of masseter muscle sites: a reproducible technique? J Oral Rehab, 29(11): 1059-1062.
• Eschler J. 1965. On the physiology and pathology of the lower jaw. Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie 26(1): 31-42.
• Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Colombo A, Ciusa V. 2000. An electromyographic investigation of masticatory muscles symmetry in normo‐occlusion subjects. J Oral Rehab, 27(1): 33-40.
• Ferrario VF, Sforza C, D'Addona A, Miani A. 1991. Reproducibility of electromyographic measures: a statistical analysis. J Oral Rehab, 18(6): 513-521.
• Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Miani A, Serrao G, Tartaglia G. 1996. Open–close movements in the human temporomandibular joint: does a pure rotation around the intercondylar hinge axis exist? J Oral Rehab, 23(6): 401-408.
• Fränkel R, Fränkel C. 1983. A functional approach to treatment of skeletal open bite. American J Orthod, 84(1): 54-68.
• Georgiakaki I, Tortopidis D, Garefis P, Kiliaridis S. 2007. Ultrasonographic thickness and electromyographic activity of masseter muscle of human females. J Oral Rehab, 34(2): 121-128.
• Gonzalez HE, Manns A. 1996. Forward head posture: its structural and functional influence on the stomatognathic system, a conceptual study. Cranio, 14(1): 71-80.
• Graber TM. 1993. Color atlas of dental medicine: Orthodontic diagnosis, George Thieme Verlay Stuttgart, Germany.
• Iwasaki T, Soto H, Suga H, Takemoto Y, Inada E, Saitoh I, Kakuno K, Kanomi R, Yamasaki Y. 2017. Influence of pharyngeal airway respiration pressure on Class II mandibular retrusion in children: a computational fluid dynamics study of inspiration and expiration.Orthod and Craniofacial Res, 20(2): 95-101.
• Janson M, Hasund A. 1981. Functional problems in orthodontic patients out of retention. European J Orthod, 3(3): 173-179. Kiliaridis S. 2003. Masseter muscle thickness and maxillary dental arch width. European J Orthod, 25(3): 259-263.
• Larsson E, Rönnerman A. 1981. Mandibular dysfunction symptoms in orthodontically treated patients ten years after the completion of treatment. European J Orthod, 3(2): 89-94.
• Lemmer J, Lewin A, van Rensburg LB. 1976. The measurement of jaw movement. Part I. J Prosthetic Dent, 36(2): 211-218.
• Lindauer SJ, Sabol G, Isaacson RJ, Davidovitch M. 1995. Condylar movement and mandibular rotation during jaw opening. American J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 107(6): 573-577.
• Lund P, Nishiyama T, Moller E. 1970. Postural activity in the muscles of mastication with the subject upright, inclined, and supine. European J Oral Sci, 78(1‐4): 417-424.
• Maillard S, Retrouvey JM, Ahmed MK, Taub PJ. 2017. Correlation between nasoalveolar molding and surgical, aesthetic, functional and socioeconomic outcomes following primary repair surgery: a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofacial Res, 8(3): e2, DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2017.8302.
• McNamara JA, Carlson DS. 1979. Quantitative analysis of temporomandibular joint adaptations to protrusive function. Amercan J Orthod, 76(6): 593-611.
• Michelotti A, Farella F, Vollaro S, Martina R. 1997. Mandibular rest position and electrical activity of the masticatory muscles. J Prosthetic Dent, 78(1): 48-53.
• Minagi S, Ohmori T, Sato T, Matsunaga T, Akamatsu Y. 2000. Effect of eccentric clenching on mandibular deviation in the vicinity of mandibular rest position. J Oral Rehabil, 27(2): 175-179.
• Miralles R, Dodds C, Manns A, Palazzi C, Jaramillo C, Quezada V. 2002. Vertical dimension. Part 2: the changes in electrical activity of the cervical muscles upon varying the vertical dimension. Cranio, 20(1): 39-47.
• Mohl N, Aj D. 1977. Anatomy and physiology of the edentulous mouth. Dent Clin North Amer, 21(2): 199-217.
• Odeh M, Schnall R, Gavriely N, Oliven A. 1995. Dependency of upper airway patency on head position: the effect of muscle contraction. Respiration Physiology, 100(3): 239-244.
• Ormianer Z, Gross M. 1998. A 2‐year follow‐up of mandibular posture following an increase in occlusal vertical dimension beyond the clinical rest position with fixed restorations. J Oral Rehab, 25(11): 877-883.
• Özbek MM, Miyamoto K, Lowe AA, Fleetham JA. 1998. Natural head posture, upper airway morphology and obstructive sleep apnoea severity in adults. Eur J Orthod, 20(2): 133-143.
• Peterson TM, Rugh JD, Mclver JE. 1983. Mandibular rest position in subjects with high and low mandibular plane angles. American J Orthod, 83(4): 318-320.
• Preiskel H. 1965. Some observations on the postural position of the mandible. J Prosthetic Dent, 15(4): 625-633.
• Rugh JD, Drago CJ. 1981. Vertical dimension: a study of clinical rest position and jaw muscle activity. J Prosthetic Dent, 45(6): 670-675.
• Solow B, Tallgren A. 1976. Head posture and craniofacial morphology. American J Physical Anthropology, 44(3): 417-435.
• Sonnesen L. 2014. Head and neck posture and upper spine morphology in relation to the craniofacial profile and orofacial function. Nova Science Publishers Inc, Chapter 3, NewYork, USA, pp: 43-54.
• Tallgren A, Melsen B, Hansen MA. 1979. An electromyographic and roentgen cephalometric study of occlusal morphofunctional disharmony in children. American J Orthod, 76(4): 394-409.
• Thompson JR. 1949. The rest position of the mandible and its application to analysis and correction of malocclusion. Angle Orthod, 19(3): 162-187.
• Thompson JR, Brodie AG. 1942. Factors in the position of the mandible. J American Dental Assoc, 29(7): 925-941.
• Travers KH, Buschang PH, Hayasaki H, Throckmorton GS. 2000. Associations between incisor and mandibular condylar movements during maximum mouth opening in humans. Archives of Oral Biol, 45(4): 267-275.
• Tueller VM. 1969. The relationship between the vertical dimension of occlusion and forces generated by closing muscles of mastication. J Prosthetic Dent, 22(3): 284-288.
• Turrell A. 1972. Clinical assessment of vertical dimension. J Prosthetic Dent, 28(3): 238-246.
• Yoo K. 1989. Three dimensional study of facial height. Taehan Ch'ikkwa Uisa Hyophoe Chi, 27(6): 559-566.