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Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi

Yıl 2021, , 274 - 281, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.919386

Öz

Bu çalışma premenopozal dönem kadınlarda hafif şiddetteki aerobik egzersiz eğitiminin menopoz semptomlarına olan etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmaya 24 birey dahil edildi. Bireyler basit rastgele yöntemle egzersiz grubu (n=12) (ortalama yaş: 47,3±3,11) ve kontrol grubuna (n=12; ortalama yaş: 47,3±3,32 yıl) ayrıldı. Egzersiz grubu 8 hafta boyunca (3 gün/ 45 dakika) hafif şiddette aerobik egzersiz yaptı. Kontrol grubu ise normal günlük yaşam aktivitelerine devam etti. Çalışma başlangıcında bireylerin aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği (IPAQ) ile değerlendirildi. Menopoz semptomları ve yaşam kalitesi; Menopoz semptomları değerlendirme ölçeği (MSDÖ) ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği ile çalışma başlangıcında ve sonunda değerlendirildi. SF-36, MSDÖ ve alt ölçek parametreleri gruplarımızda çalışma başlangıcında benzerdi (P > 0,05). Egzersiz grubunda MSDÖ toplam, somatovejetatif ve psikolojik şikâyet puanları çalışma sonunda azaldı (P < 0,05). SF-36’nın fiziksel fonksiyonlar, fiziksel sağlık sebepli rol kısıtlanması, ruhsal sağlık, vücut ağrısı ve genel sağlık alt kategorilerinde iyileşme gösterdi (P < 0,05). Kontrol grubunda ise MSDÖ toplam, psikolojik ve somatovejetatif şikâyet puanlarında arttı (P < 0,05). SF-36’nın fiziksel sağlık sebepli rol kısıtlanması ve genel sağlık puanlarında azalma meydana geldi (P < 0,05). Çalışma sonunda grupların somatovejetatif şikâyetler haricindeki tüm alt ölçek ve MSDÖ puanları benzerdi (P > 0,05). SF-36’nın emosyonel sağlık sebepli rol kısıtlanması, canlılık, ruhsal sağlık parametreleri dışındaki diğer 5 parametrede egzersiz grubu kontrol grubuna göre iyileşme gösterdi (P < 0,05). Hafif şiddetteki aerobik egzersiz eğitimi premenopozal dönem kadınların menopoz semptomlarında özellikle somatovejatatif şikayetlerini azaltmakta ve yaşam kalitesi artırmakta etkili bir yaklaşımdır.

Kaynakça

  • Akbayrak T, Kaya S. 2016. Kadın Sağlığında Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon. Kalkan Matbaacılık, Ankara, , 141-166.
  • Angın E., Erden Z. 2009. Menopoz sonrası osteoporoz ve osteopenide grup egzersizlerinin etkinliği. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 43(4): 343-350.
  • Avis NE, Colvin A, Bromberger JT, Hess R, Matthews KA, Ory M, Schocken M. 2009. Change in health-related quality of life over the menopausal transition in a multiethnic cohort of middle-aged women: Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Menopause, 16(5): 860-869.
  • Aydın Y, Hassa H, Oge T, Yalçın OT, Mutlu FS. 2014. Frequency and determinants of urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal Islamic women. Menopause, 21(2): 182-187.
  • Brzyski RG, Medrano MA, Hyatt-Santos JM, Ross JS. 2001. Quality of life in low-income menopausal women attending primary care clinics. Fertility and sterility, 76(1): 44-50.
  • Bueno-Notivol J, Calvo-Latorre J, Alonso-Ventura V, Pasupuleti V, Hernandez AV, Perez-Lopez FR. 2017. Effect of programmed exercise on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause, 24(12): 1404-1413.
  • Carcelén-Fraile MC, Aibar-Almazán A, Martínez-Amat A, Cruz-Díaz D, Díaz-Mohedo E, Redecillas-Peiró MT, Hita-Contreras F. 2020. Effects of physical exercise on sexual function and quality of sexual life related to menopausal symptoms in peri-and postmenopausal women: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(8): 2680.
  • Ceylan E. 2014. Kardiyopulmoner egzersiz testleri. J Clin Exp Invest, 5(3): 504-509.
  • Cheng CC, Hsu CY, Liu JF. 2018. Effects of dietary and exercise intervention on weight loss and body composition in obese postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Menopause, 25(7): 772-782.
  • Chien M, Wu Y, Hsu AT, Yang R, Lai J. 2000. Efficacy of a 24-week aerobic exercise program for osteopenic postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int, 67(6): 443-448.
  • Daley A, MacArthur C, McManus R, Stokes-Lampard H, Wilson S, Roalfe A, Mutrie N. 2006. Factors associated with the use of complementary medicine and non-pharmacological interventions in symptomatic menopausal women. Climacteric, 9(5): 336-346.
  • Dfarhud D, Malmir M, Khanahmadi M. 2014. Happiness & health: the biological factors-systematic review. Iran. J. Public Health, 43(11): 1468-1477.
  • Elavsky S, McAuley E. 2009. Personality, menopausal symptoms, and physical activity outcomes in middle-aged women. Pers Individ Dif, 46(2): 123-128.
  • Gonçalves ADS, Canário ACG, Cabral P, Da Silva RAH, Spyrides MHC, Giraldo PC, Eleutério Jr J. 2011. Impact of physical activity on quality of life in middle-aged women: a population based study. Rev. Bras. de Ginecol. e Obstet,
  • Günay ÖC. 2005. Menopoz semptomları değerlendirme ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun güvenirlik ve geçerliliği. Hemsire Forum, 3: 30-35.
  • Günay SKM. 2003. Aerobik Antrenman Programının Menopoz Dönemindeki Kadınların Kardiyovasküler Risk Faktörlerine Etkisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(3): 257-273.
  • Guthrie JR, Smith AM, Dennerstein L, Morse C. 1994. Physical activity and the menopause experience: a cross-sectional study. Maturitas, 20(2-3): 71-80.
  • Hartley LH, Mason J, Hogan R, Jones L, Kotchen T, Mougey E, Ricketts P. 1972. Multiple hormonal responses to graded exercise in relation to physical training. J Appl Physiol, 33(5): 602-606.
  • Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş AK. 1999. Form-36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. Türk ilaç ve tedavi dergisi, 12(2): 102-106.
  • Lee MS, Kim JH, Park MS, Yang J, Ko YH, Ko SD, Joe SH. 2010. Factors influencing the severity of menopause symptoms in Korean post-menopausal women. J Korean Med Sci, 25(5): 758.
  • Lee WL, Tsui KH, Seow KM, Cheng MH, Su WH, Chen CP, Wang PH. 2013. Hormone therapy for postmenopausal women-An unanswered issue. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther, 2(1): 13-17.
  • Lin YY, Lee SD. 2018. Cardiovascular benefits of exercise training in postmenopausal hypertension. Int. J. Mol. Sci, 19(9): 2523.
  • Lindh-Åstrand L, Nedstrand E, Wyon Y, Hammar M. 2004. Vasomotor symptoms and quality of life in previously sedentary postmenopausal women randomised to physical activity or estrogen therapy. Maturitas, 48(2): 97-105.
  • Mansikkamäki K, Nygård CH, Raitanen J, Kukkonen-Harjula K, Tomás E, Rutanen R, Luoto R. 2016. Hot flushes among aging women: A 4-year follow-up study to a randomised controlled exercise trial. Maturitas, 88, 84-89.
  • Mansikkamäki K, Raitanen J, Nygård CH, Heinonen R, Mikkola T, Luoto R. 2012. Sleep quality and aerobic training among menopausal women—a randomized controlled trial. Maturitas, 72(4): 339-345.
  • Manson JE, Allison MA, Rossouw JE, Carr JJ, Langer RD, Hsia J, Ludlam SE. 2007. Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification. N Engl J Med, 356(25): 2591-2602.
  • McGarry K, Geary M, Gopinath V. 2018. Beyond estrogen: treatment options for hot flashes. Clin Ther, 40(10): 1778-1786.
  • Mendoza N, De Teresa C, Cano A, Godoy D, Hita-Contreras F, Lapotka M, Ocón, O. 2016. Benefits of physical exercise in postmenopausal women. Maturitas, 93: 83-88.
  • Miller VM, Harman SM. 2017. An update on hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: mini-review for the basic scientist. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 313(5): 1013-1021.
  • Neff MJ. 2004. NAMS releases position statement on the treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Am Fam Physician, 70(2): 393-399.
  • Özkan S, Alataş ES, Zencir M. 2005. Women’s quality of life in the premenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Qual Life Res, 14(8): 1795-1801.
  • Raglin JS. 1990. Exercise and mental health. Sports Med, 9(6): 323-329.
  • Roon M, May AM, McTiernan A, Scholten RJ, Peeters PH, Friedenreich CM, Monninkhof EM. 2018. Effect of exercise and/or reduced calorie dietary interventions on breast cancer-related endogenous sex hormones in healthy postmenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res, 20(1): 1-16.
  • Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, Tokgozoglu L. 2010. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills, 111(1): 278-284.
  • Şahin NH, Kharbouch SB. 2007. Menopozal dönemlerdeki yaşam kalitesinin belirlenmesi. Florence Nightingale J Nurs, 15(59): 82-90.
  • Skrzypulec V, Dąbrowska J, Drosdzol A. 2010. The influence of physical activity level on climacteric symptoms in menopausal women. Climacteric, 13(4): 355-361.
  • Steege JF, Blumenthal JA. 1993. The effects of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms in middle-aged women: a preliminary study. J Psychosom Res, 37(2): 127-133.
  • Süt HK, Küçükkaya B. 2018. Premenopoz, Perimenopoz ve Postmenopoz Dönem Kadınlarında Cinsel Yaşam Kalitesi. KASHED, 4(1): 51-68
  • Thomas S, Reading J, Shephard RJ. 1992. Revision of the physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR-Q). J Canad Sci Sport, 17(4): 338–345.
  • Vardar SA. 2005. Egzersiz ve uyku ilişkisi tam olarak biliniyor mu. Genel Tıp Derg, 15(4): 173-177.
  • Wiklund P, Alen M, Munukka E, Cheng SM, Yu B, Pekkala S, Cheng S. 2014. Metabolic response to 6-week aerobic exercise training and dieting in previously sedentary overweight and obese pre-menopausal women: A randomized trial. J Sport Health Sci, 3(3): 217-224.
  • Xu X, Ji W, Lv XQ, Zhu YC, Zhao JX, Miao LZ. 2015. Impact of physical activity on health-related quality of life in osteoporotic and osteopenic postmenopausal women: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Sci, 2(2): 204-217.

The Effect of Aerobic Exercises Training on Menopausal Symptoms in Premenopausal Period Women

Yıl 2021, , 274 - 281, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.919386

Öz

This study was planned to investigate effects of low intensity aerobic exercise training on menopausal symptoms in premenopausal women. 24 women participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to exercise group (n=12; mean age: 47.3±3.11 year) and the control group (n=12) (mean age: 47.3 ± 3.32 year). The exercise group were performed low intensity aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks (3 days / 45 minutes). The control group was followed routine daily life activities. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine the physical activity level of the participants at the beginning of study. Symptoms of menopause and quality of life were assessed with Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale via pre and post-test. SF-36, MRS and subdomain scores were similar in our groups at the beginning of the study (P > 0.05). MRS, somatovegetative and psychological complaint subscores in the exercise group decreased at the end of the study (P < 0.05). SF-36 showed improvement in physical functions, physical health role restriction, body pain, mental health and general health (P < 0.05). However, MRS, psychological and somatovegetative complaint subscores increased in the control group, (P < 0.05). The physical health role restriction and general health subscores of SF-36 were decreased (P < 0.05). MRS and all subdomain scores except for somatovegetative complaints were found similar at the end of the study (P > 0.05). The exercise group showed improvement in 5 subparameters except emotional role restriction health, vitality and mental health of SF-36 when compared with control group (P < 0.05). Low intensity aerobic exercise training may an effective approach to reduce the menopausal symptoms of premenopausal women, especially their somatovejatative complaints, and to increase the quality of life.

Kaynakça

  • Akbayrak T, Kaya S. 2016. Kadın Sağlığında Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon. Kalkan Matbaacılık, Ankara, , 141-166.
  • Angın E., Erden Z. 2009. Menopoz sonrası osteoporoz ve osteopenide grup egzersizlerinin etkinliği. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 43(4): 343-350.
  • Avis NE, Colvin A, Bromberger JT, Hess R, Matthews KA, Ory M, Schocken M. 2009. Change in health-related quality of life over the menopausal transition in a multiethnic cohort of middle-aged women: Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Menopause, 16(5): 860-869.
  • Aydın Y, Hassa H, Oge T, Yalçın OT, Mutlu FS. 2014. Frequency and determinants of urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal Islamic women. Menopause, 21(2): 182-187.
  • Brzyski RG, Medrano MA, Hyatt-Santos JM, Ross JS. 2001. Quality of life in low-income menopausal women attending primary care clinics. Fertility and sterility, 76(1): 44-50.
  • Bueno-Notivol J, Calvo-Latorre J, Alonso-Ventura V, Pasupuleti V, Hernandez AV, Perez-Lopez FR. 2017. Effect of programmed exercise on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause, 24(12): 1404-1413.
  • Carcelén-Fraile MC, Aibar-Almazán A, Martínez-Amat A, Cruz-Díaz D, Díaz-Mohedo E, Redecillas-Peiró MT, Hita-Contreras F. 2020. Effects of physical exercise on sexual function and quality of sexual life related to menopausal symptoms in peri-and postmenopausal women: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(8): 2680.
  • Ceylan E. 2014. Kardiyopulmoner egzersiz testleri. J Clin Exp Invest, 5(3): 504-509.
  • Cheng CC, Hsu CY, Liu JF. 2018. Effects of dietary and exercise intervention on weight loss and body composition in obese postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Menopause, 25(7): 772-782.
  • Chien M, Wu Y, Hsu AT, Yang R, Lai J. 2000. Efficacy of a 24-week aerobic exercise program for osteopenic postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int, 67(6): 443-448.
  • Daley A, MacArthur C, McManus R, Stokes-Lampard H, Wilson S, Roalfe A, Mutrie N. 2006. Factors associated with the use of complementary medicine and non-pharmacological interventions in symptomatic menopausal women. Climacteric, 9(5): 336-346.
  • Dfarhud D, Malmir M, Khanahmadi M. 2014. Happiness & health: the biological factors-systematic review. Iran. J. Public Health, 43(11): 1468-1477.
  • Elavsky S, McAuley E. 2009. Personality, menopausal symptoms, and physical activity outcomes in middle-aged women. Pers Individ Dif, 46(2): 123-128.
  • Gonçalves ADS, Canário ACG, Cabral P, Da Silva RAH, Spyrides MHC, Giraldo PC, Eleutério Jr J. 2011. Impact of physical activity on quality of life in middle-aged women: a population based study. Rev. Bras. de Ginecol. e Obstet,
  • Günay ÖC. 2005. Menopoz semptomları değerlendirme ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun güvenirlik ve geçerliliği. Hemsire Forum, 3: 30-35.
  • Günay SKM. 2003. Aerobik Antrenman Programının Menopoz Dönemindeki Kadınların Kardiyovasküler Risk Faktörlerine Etkisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(3): 257-273.
  • Guthrie JR, Smith AM, Dennerstein L, Morse C. 1994. Physical activity and the menopause experience: a cross-sectional study. Maturitas, 20(2-3): 71-80.
  • Hartley LH, Mason J, Hogan R, Jones L, Kotchen T, Mougey E, Ricketts P. 1972. Multiple hormonal responses to graded exercise in relation to physical training. J Appl Physiol, 33(5): 602-606.
  • Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş AK. 1999. Form-36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. Türk ilaç ve tedavi dergisi, 12(2): 102-106.
  • Lee MS, Kim JH, Park MS, Yang J, Ko YH, Ko SD, Joe SH. 2010. Factors influencing the severity of menopause symptoms in Korean post-menopausal women. J Korean Med Sci, 25(5): 758.
  • Lee WL, Tsui KH, Seow KM, Cheng MH, Su WH, Chen CP, Wang PH. 2013. Hormone therapy for postmenopausal women-An unanswered issue. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther, 2(1): 13-17.
  • Lin YY, Lee SD. 2018. Cardiovascular benefits of exercise training in postmenopausal hypertension. Int. J. Mol. Sci, 19(9): 2523.
  • Lindh-Åstrand L, Nedstrand E, Wyon Y, Hammar M. 2004. Vasomotor symptoms and quality of life in previously sedentary postmenopausal women randomised to physical activity or estrogen therapy. Maturitas, 48(2): 97-105.
  • Mansikkamäki K, Nygård CH, Raitanen J, Kukkonen-Harjula K, Tomás E, Rutanen R, Luoto R. 2016. Hot flushes among aging women: A 4-year follow-up study to a randomised controlled exercise trial. Maturitas, 88, 84-89.
  • Mansikkamäki K, Raitanen J, Nygård CH, Heinonen R, Mikkola T, Luoto R. 2012. Sleep quality and aerobic training among menopausal women—a randomized controlled trial. Maturitas, 72(4): 339-345.
  • Manson JE, Allison MA, Rossouw JE, Carr JJ, Langer RD, Hsia J, Ludlam SE. 2007. Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification. N Engl J Med, 356(25): 2591-2602.
  • McGarry K, Geary M, Gopinath V. 2018. Beyond estrogen: treatment options for hot flashes. Clin Ther, 40(10): 1778-1786.
  • Mendoza N, De Teresa C, Cano A, Godoy D, Hita-Contreras F, Lapotka M, Ocón, O. 2016. Benefits of physical exercise in postmenopausal women. Maturitas, 93: 83-88.
  • Miller VM, Harman SM. 2017. An update on hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: mini-review for the basic scientist. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 313(5): 1013-1021.
  • Neff MJ. 2004. NAMS releases position statement on the treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Am Fam Physician, 70(2): 393-399.
  • Özkan S, Alataş ES, Zencir M. 2005. Women’s quality of life in the premenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Qual Life Res, 14(8): 1795-1801.
  • Raglin JS. 1990. Exercise and mental health. Sports Med, 9(6): 323-329.
  • Roon M, May AM, McTiernan A, Scholten RJ, Peeters PH, Friedenreich CM, Monninkhof EM. 2018. Effect of exercise and/or reduced calorie dietary interventions on breast cancer-related endogenous sex hormones in healthy postmenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res, 20(1): 1-16.
  • Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, Tokgozoglu L. 2010. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills, 111(1): 278-284.
  • Şahin NH, Kharbouch SB. 2007. Menopozal dönemlerdeki yaşam kalitesinin belirlenmesi. Florence Nightingale J Nurs, 15(59): 82-90.
  • Skrzypulec V, Dąbrowska J, Drosdzol A. 2010. The influence of physical activity level on climacteric symptoms in menopausal women. Climacteric, 13(4): 355-361.
  • Steege JF, Blumenthal JA. 1993. The effects of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms in middle-aged women: a preliminary study. J Psychosom Res, 37(2): 127-133.
  • Süt HK, Küçükkaya B. 2018. Premenopoz, Perimenopoz ve Postmenopoz Dönem Kadınlarında Cinsel Yaşam Kalitesi. KASHED, 4(1): 51-68
  • Thomas S, Reading J, Shephard RJ. 1992. Revision of the physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR-Q). J Canad Sci Sport, 17(4): 338–345.
  • Vardar SA. 2005. Egzersiz ve uyku ilişkisi tam olarak biliniyor mu. Genel Tıp Derg, 15(4): 173-177.
  • Wiklund P, Alen M, Munukka E, Cheng SM, Yu B, Pekkala S, Cheng S. 2014. Metabolic response to 6-week aerobic exercise training and dieting in previously sedentary overweight and obese pre-menopausal women: A randomized trial. J Sport Health Sci, 3(3): 217-224.
  • Xu X, Ji W, Lv XQ, Zhu YC, Zhao JX, Miao LZ. 2015. Impact of physical activity on health-related quality of life in osteoporotic and osteopenic postmenopausal women: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Sci, 2(2): 204-217.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Serkan Usgu 0000-0002-4820-9490

Fatma Çiftçi Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8589-5795

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Nisan 2021
Kabul Tarihi 10 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Usgu, S., & Çiftçi, F. (2021). Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi. Black Sea Journal of Health Science, 4(3), 274-281. https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.919386
AMA Usgu S, Çiftçi F. Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi. BSJ Health Sci. Eylül 2021;4(3):274-281. doi:10.19127/bshealthscience.919386
Chicago Usgu, Serkan, ve Fatma Çiftçi. “Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 4, sy. 3 (Eylül 2021): 274-81. https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.919386.
EndNote Usgu S, Çiftçi F (01 Eylül 2021) Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 4 3 274–281.
IEEE S. Usgu ve F. Çiftçi, “Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi”, BSJ Health Sci., c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 274–281, 2021, doi: 10.19127/bshealthscience.919386.
ISNAD Usgu, Serkan - Çiftçi, Fatma. “Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 4/3 (Eylül 2021), 274-281. https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.919386.
JAMA Usgu S, Çiftçi F. Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi. BSJ Health Sci. 2021;4:274–281.
MLA Usgu, Serkan ve Fatma Çiftçi. “Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science, c. 4, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 274-81, doi:10.19127/bshealthscience.919386.
Vancouver Usgu S, Çiftçi F. Premenopozal Dönem Kadınlarda Aerobik Egzersiz Eğitiminin Menopoz Semptomlarına Etkisi. BSJ Health Sci. 2021;4(3):274-81.