Human Tissue and Organ Production from Transgenic Farm Animals: Xenotransplantation

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 3, 77 - 82, 01.09.2018

Mithat Can Kuşcu

Öz

Xenotransplantation refers to organ transfer between species. Xenotransplantation studies with the help of transgenic technology are trying to transfer some organs and tissues to humans. Today, the biggest problem with organ transplantation is that the number of organs obtained from cadaver is very far from the need. Moreover, considering that thousands of people die each year while organ transplantation takes place, such an alternative appears to be highly advantageous. Today, xenotransplantation studies are also being conducted on numerous different immunosuppressive strategies to prevent organ rejection after transplantation of organs from transgenic animals. The studies are on to explain the mechanism that causes the rejection and finding a way to stop the event. In this review focused on the pathways of human tissue and organ production from transgenic farm animals and the experimental and ethical problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Transgenic technology, Xenotransplantation, Organ transplantation, Livestock

TRANSGENİK ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDAN İNSAN DOKU VE ORGAN ÜRETİMİ: XENOTRANSPLANTASYON

Öz

Xenotransplantasyon türler arası organ transferi demektir. Transgenik teknoloji yardımı ile yapılan xenotransplantasyon araştırmaları hayvanlara ait bazı organ ve dokuların insanlara transfer edilmesine çalışmaktadır. Günümüzde klinik organ naklindeki en büyük sorun kadavradan elde edilen organ sayısının ihtiyacı karşılamaktan çok uzak olmasıdır. Dahası, yılda binlerce insanın, organ nakli beklerken öldüğü göz önünde bulundurulacak olursa böyle bir alternatifin oldukça avantajlı görülmektedir. Günümüzde xenotransplantasyon çalışmaları ile birlikte transgenik hayvanlardan elde edilen organların transferi sonrasında organ reddini engellemek için sayısız farklı immün-baskılayıcı strateji üzerine de çalışılmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar redde neden olan mekanizmayı aydınlatmak ve olayı durdurmanın bir yolunu bulmak üzerinedir. Bu derlemede transgenik çiftlik hayvanlarından insan doku ve organ üretiminin yolları ve karşılaşılan deneysel ve etik sorunlar üzerine durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Transgenik teknoloji, Xenotransplantasyon, Organ nakli, Çiftlik hayvanı

Kaynakça

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