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Early Stage Open Bite Malocclusion Treatment Approaches

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 13 - 20, 01.01.2019

Alev Aksoy Doğan Ufuk Gökkaya

Öz

The treatment and retention for open bite malocclusion cases is very difficult, in which the incidence for relapse over the tone la very high. The treatment for open bite malocclusions is differ from both skeletal and dental according to phase and the period of development and growth at the time case presented for treatment. The treatment of open bite malocclusions at the early stage depend on the etiology factor that cause this cause it. In this review of literature the early stage open bite malocclusions definition, etiologies and treatment options with the related researchers that had been done is reviewed. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Open bite Malocclusion Orthodontics Early stage

Kaynakça

  • Altuna G, Woodside DG. 1982. Ros ponse of the midface to treatment with increased vertical occlusal forces. Angle Orthod, 55(3): 251-263.
  • Artese A, Drummond S, Nascımento JM, Artese F. 2011. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior open bite with stability. Dental Press J Orthod, 16: 136-161.
  • Bilgili Ö. 2015. Açık Kapanış Tedavisinde Yeni Ve Farklı Bir Yaklaşım. Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, Ankara.
  • Carano A, Machata B. 2002. Non-compliance orthodontics: rapid molar intrusion. J Clin Orthod, 36: 137-142.
  • Carano A, Siciliani G, Bowman SJ. 2005. Treatment of skeletal open bite with a device for rapid molar intrusion: a preliminary report. Angle Orthod, 75: 736-746.
  • Cassis MA, De Almeida RR, Janson G, De Almeida-Pedrin RR, De Almeida MR. 2012. Treatment effects of bonded spurs associated with high pull chincup therapy in the treatment of patients with anterior open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 142: 487-493.
  • Cavanaugh CE, Christiansen RL. 2000. The effect of active vertical corrector treatment in growing anterior openbite patients. In: Mcnamara JA, JR, ed. The enigma of the vertical dimension. Ann Arbor: Monograph 36, Craniofacial Growth Series, Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Michigan.
  • Çetin E. 2009. İskeletsel Ön Açık Kapanışın Erken Dönem Tedavisinde Arka Isırma Bloğu Dikey Çenelik ve Arka Isırma Bloğu-Oksipital Headgear ile Tedavi Yöntemlerinin Çene Yüz İskelet Morfolojisi ve Dentoalveolar Yapılar Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, Isparta.
  • Chiba Y, Motoyoshi M, Namura S. 2003. Tongue pressure on loop of transpalatal arch during deglutition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 123: 29-34.
  • Chui Stng, Wing Krw, Urban H. 2008. Orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 18: 78–83.
  • Cinsar A, Alagha AR, Akyalçın S. 2007. Skeletal open bite correction with rapid molar intruder appliance in growing individuals. Angle Orthod, 77: 632-639.
  • Cozza P, Baccetti T, Franchi L, Mucedero M. 2007. Comparison of 2 early treatment protocols for open-bite malocclusions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 132:743-747.
  • Cozza P, Bacetti T, Lorenzo F, Mucedero M, Polimeni A. 2005. Sucking habits and facial hyperdivergency as risk factors for anterior open bite in the mixed dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 128: 517-519.
  • Darendeliler MA, Yüksel S, Meral O. 1995. Open-bite correction with the magnetic activator device IV. Journal of clinical orthodontics, 29(9): 569-576.
  • Deberardinis M, Stretesky T, Sinha P, Nanda RS. 2000. Evaluation of the vertical holding appliance in treatment of high-angle patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 117: 700–705.
  • Dellinger EL, Dellinger EL. 1996. Active vertical corrector treatment long term follow up of anterior openbite treated by the intrusion of posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 110: 145-154.
  • Dellinger L. 1983. A clinical assessment of the active vertical corrector. Am J Orthod, 89: 428-436.
  • Enacar A, Keçik D. 2009. Açık kapanışın myofonksiyonel tedavisinde preorthodontic trainer uygulaması: olgu sunumu. Türk Ortodonti Dergisi, 22: 249-256.
  • English JD, Olfert DG. 2005. Masticatory muscle exercise as an adjunctive treatment for open bite malocclusions. Semin Orthod, 11: 164-169.
  • Enlow DH, Kuroda T, Lewis AB. 1971. Intrinsic craniofacial compensation. Angle Orthod, 41(4): 271-285.
  • Frankel R. 1980. Lip seal treaning in the treatment of skeletal open bite. Eur J Orthod, 2: 219-228.
  • Gelgör İE, Karaman Aİ, Ercan E. 2007. Prevalence of Malocclusion Among Adolescents In Central Anatolia. European journal of dentistry, 1(3):125-131.
  • Ghafari JG, Haddad RV. 2013. Open bite: Spectrum of treatment potentials and limitations. Semin Orthod, 19: 239–252.
  • Graber TM, Rakosi T, Petrovic AG. 1985. Dentofacial orthopedics with functional appliances. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Company.
  • Graber TM, Vanarsdall RL JR. 1994. Orthodontics: Current principles and techniques. 2 nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book Inc.
  • Haryett R, Hansen R, Davidson P. 1967. Chronic thumbsucking: The psychological effects and the relative effectiveness of the various methods of treatment. Am J Orthod, 53: 569-585.
  • İşcan HN, Dinçer M, Gültan A, Meral O, Taner-Sarisoy L. 2002. Effect of vertical chincap therapy on the mandibular morphology in open-bite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 122: 506-511.
  • Janson G, Valarelli F. 2014. Open-bite malocclusion: treatment and stability. Wiley Blackwell Company.
  • Justus R. 2001. Correction of anterior open bite with spurs: long term stability. World J Orhod, 2: 219-231.
  • Karla V, Burstone CJ. 1989. Eggects of fixed magnetic appliance on the dentofacial complex. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 95: 467-478.
  • Kaya B, Arman A. 2006. Açık kapanış malokluzyonlarının tedavisi. Cumhuriyet Üniv Diş Hek Fak Dergisi, 9(1): 53-62.
  • Kelly JE, Sanchez M, Van Kirk LE. 1973. An assasment of the occlusion of teeth of children, US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA): 74-1612, National Center for Health Statistics, Washington DC.
  • Koç F, Görgülü S, Gökçe S. 2011. Açık kapanış anomalisi ve tedavileri. ADO Klinik Bilim Derg, 5(3): 939-946.
  • Kuster R, Ingervall B. 1992. The effect of treatment of skeletal open bite with two types of bite blocks. Eur J Orthod, 14(6): 489-499.
  • Lagerström LO, Nielsen IL, Lee R, Isaacson RJ. 1990. Dental and skeletal contributions to occlusal correction in patients treated with the high-pull headgear-activator combination. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 97: 495-504.
  • Lenzi De Oliveira JM, Dutra ALT, Pereira CM, Toledo OA. 2011. Etiology and treatment of anterior open bite. Health Sci Inst, 29(2): 92-95.
  • Lin LH, Huang GW, Chen CS. 2013. Etiology and Treatment Modalities of Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion. J Exp Clin Med, 5(1): 1-4.
  • Majourau A, Nanda R. 1994. Biomechanical basis of vertical dimension control during rapid palatal expansion therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 106: 322-328.
  • Mavropoulos A, Bresin A, Kilidaris S. 2004. Morphometric analysis of the mandible in growing rats with different masticatory functional demands: adaptation to an upper posterior bite block. Eur J Oral Sci, 112: 259-266.
  • Mcnamara JA, Brudon WL, Kokich VG. 2001. Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Needham Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
  • Meyer-Marcotty P, Hartmann J, Eisenhauer AS. 2007. Dentoalveolar open bite treatment with spur appliances. J Orofac Ortho, 68: 510-520. Moore MB. 1996. Digits, dummies and malocclusions. Dent Update, 23: 415– 422.
  • Nanda R. 2005. Biomechanics and esthetic strategies in clinical orthodontics. Elsevier Inc, chapter 9- 16.
  • Ngan P, Wilson S, Florman M, Wei SHY. 1992. Treatment of Class II open bite in the mixed dentition with a removable functional appliance and headgear. Quintessence Int, 23(5): 323-333.
  • Parker JH. 1971. The interception of the open bite in the early growth period. Angle Orthod, 41(1): 24-44.
  • Pedrin F, Almeida MR, Almeida RR, Almeida-Pedrin RR, Torres F. 2006. A prospective study of the treatment effects of a removable appliance with palatal crib combined with high-pull chincup therapy in anterior open-bite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 129: 418-423.
  • Pfeiffer JP, Grobety D. 1982. A philosophy of combined orthopedic orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod, 81(3): 185-201.
  • Proffit WR, Fields HW, Ackerman JL, Bailey LJ, Tulloch JFC. 2000. Contemporary Orthodontics. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mosby Inc.
  • Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. 2007. Contemporary Orthodontics. St. Louis, Mosby Elsevier.
  • Rübendüz M, Altuğ Z. 1997. Gelişim döneminde açık kapanışın monoblok, oksipital headgear ve vertical chin cup ile combine tedavisinin iskelet yapı üzerinde etkisi. T J Orthod, 10: 38-45.
  • Sankey W, Buschang P, English JD, Owen AH. 2000. Early treatment of vertical skeletal dysplasia: the hyperdivergent phenotype. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 118: 317-327.
  • Sarı Z, Uysal T, Karaman AI, Basciftçi FA, Usumez S, Demır A. 2003. Ortodontik malokluzyonlar ve tedavi seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesi: Epidemiolojik çalışma. Türk Ortodonti Dergisi, 16: 119-126.
  • Shapiro PA. 2002. Stability of open bite treatment. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 121(6): 566-568.
  • Stellzig A, Steegmayer-Gilde G, Basdra EK. 1999. Elastic activator for treatment of open bite. British journal of orthodontics, 26: 89-92.
  • Stuani M, Stuani A, Stuani AS. 2005. Modified Thurow appliance: A clinical alternative for correcting skeletal open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 128:118-125.
  • Subtelny JD, Sakuda M. 1964. Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod, 50: 337-358.
  • Thurow RC. 1975. Craniomaxillary orthopedic correction with en masse dental control. Am J Orthod, 68: 601-624.
  • Topkara A. 2007. S.Ü. Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ortodonti Anabilim Dalı’nda 1990-2005 Döneminde Tedavi Gören Hastaların Ortodontik Özelliklerinin ve Tedavi Yaklaşımlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Doktora tezi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Villa NL, Cisneros GJ. 1997. Changes in the dentition secondary to palatal crib therapy in digit-suckers. Pediatric Dent, 19: 323-326.
  • Weinbach JR, Smith RJ. 1992. Cephalometric changes during treatment with the open bite bionator. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 101: 367-374.
  • Worms FW, Meskin LH, Isaacson RJ. 1971. Open-bite. Am J Orthod, 59: 589-595.

ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 13 - 20, 01.01.2019

Alev Aksoy Doğan Ufuk Gökkaya

Öz

Açık kapanış maloklüzyonları, tedavisi ve pekiştirme dönemi zor, uzun zaman alan ve nüks ihtimali fazla olan vakalardır. Açık kapanış maloklüzyonlarının tedavi yaklaşımları bireyin iskeletsel ve dişsel olarak büyüme ve gelişim sürecinin hangi aşamasında olduğuna göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Farklı dönemlerde, etiyolojik sebepler de göz önünde bulundurularak çeşitli tedavi yaklaşımları uygulanmaktadır. Erken dönemde temel prensip tedavinin etiyolojik faktöre göre yapılmasıdır. Bu derlemede, erken dönem açık kapanış malokluzyonlarının tanımı, etiyolojisi ve tedavi yaklaşımları ilgili yapılan çalışmalar ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Açık kapanış Malokluzyon Ortodonti Erken dönem

Kaynakça

  • Altuna G, Woodside DG. 1982. Ros ponse of the midface to treatment with increased vertical occlusal forces. Angle Orthod, 55(3): 251-263.
  • Artese A, Drummond S, Nascımento JM, Artese F. 2011. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior open bite with stability. Dental Press J Orthod, 16: 136-161.
  • Bilgili Ö. 2015. Açık Kapanış Tedavisinde Yeni Ve Farklı Bir Yaklaşım. Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, Ankara.
  • Carano A, Machata B. 2002. Non-compliance orthodontics: rapid molar intrusion. J Clin Orthod, 36: 137-142.
  • Carano A, Siciliani G, Bowman SJ. 2005. Treatment of skeletal open bite with a device for rapid molar intrusion: a preliminary report. Angle Orthod, 75: 736-746.
  • Cassis MA, De Almeida RR, Janson G, De Almeida-Pedrin RR, De Almeida MR. 2012. Treatment effects of bonded spurs associated with high pull chincup therapy in the treatment of patients with anterior open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 142: 487-493.
  • Cavanaugh CE, Christiansen RL. 2000. The effect of active vertical corrector treatment in growing anterior openbite patients. In: Mcnamara JA, JR, ed. The enigma of the vertical dimension. Ann Arbor: Monograph 36, Craniofacial Growth Series, Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Michigan.
  • Çetin E. 2009. İskeletsel Ön Açık Kapanışın Erken Dönem Tedavisinde Arka Isırma Bloğu Dikey Çenelik ve Arka Isırma Bloğu-Oksipital Headgear ile Tedavi Yöntemlerinin Çene Yüz İskelet Morfolojisi ve Dentoalveolar Yapılar Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, Isparta.
  • Chiba Y, Motoyoshi M, Namura S. 2003. Tongue pressure on loop of transpalatal arch during deglutition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 123: 29-34.
  • Chui Stng, Wing Krw, Urban H. 2008. Orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 18: 78–83.
  • Cinsar A, Alagha AR, Akyalçın S. 2007. Skeletal open bite correction with rapid molar intruder appliance in growing individuals. Angle Orthod, 77: 632-639.
  • Cozza P, Baccetti T, Franchi L, Mucedero M. 2007. Comparison of 2 early treatment protocols for open-bite malocclusions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 132:743-747.
  • Cozza P, Bacetti T, Lorenzo F, Mucedero M, Polimeni A. 2005. Sucking habits and facial hyperdivergency as risk factors for anterior open bite in the mixed dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 128: 517-519.
  • Darendeliler MA, Yüksel S, Meral O. 1995. Open-bite correction with the magnetic activator device IV. Journal of clinical orthodontics, 29(9): 569-576.
  • Deberardinis M, Stretesky T, Sinha P, Nanda RS. 2000. Evaluation of the vertical holding appliance in treatment of high-angle patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 117: 700–705.
  • Dellinger EL, Dellinger EL. 1996. Active vertical corrector treatment long term follow up of anterior openbite treated by the intrusion of posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 110: 145-154.
  • Dellinger L. 1983. A clinical assessment of the active vertical corrector. Am J Orthod, 89: 428-436.
  • Enacar A, Keçik D. 2009. Açık kapanışın myofonksiyonel tedavisinde preorthodontic trainer uygulaması: olgu sunumu. Türk Ortodonti Dergisi, 22: 249-256.
  • English JD, Olfert DG. 2005. Masticatory muscle exercise as an adjunctive treatment for open bite malocclusions. Semin Orthod, 11: 164-169.
  • Enlow DH, Kuroda T, Lewis AB. 1971. Intrinsic craniofacial compensation. Angle Orthod, 41(4): 271-285.
  • Frankel R. 1980. Lip seal treaning in the treatment of skeletal open bite. Eur J Orthod, 2: 219-228.
  • Gelgör İE, Karaman Aİ, Ercan E. 2007. Prevalence of Malocclusion Among Adolescents In Central Anatolia. European journal of dentistry, 1(3):125-131.
  • Ghafari JG, Haddad RV. 2013. Open bite: Spectrum of treatment potentials and limitations. Semin Orthod, 19: 239–252.
  • Graber TM, Rakosi T, Petrovic AG. 1985. Dentofacial orthopedics with functional appliances. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Company.
  • Graber TM, Vanarsdall RL JR. 1994. Orthodontics: Current principles and techniques. 2 nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book Inc.
  • Haryett R, Hansen R, Davidson P. 1967. Chronic thumbsucking: The psychological effects and the relative effectiveness of the various methods of treatment. Am J Orthod, 53: 569-585.
  • İşcan HN, Dinçer M, Gültan A, Meral O, Taner-Sarisoy L. 2002. Effect of vertical chincap therapy on the mandibular morphology in open-bite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 122: 506-511.
  • Janson G, Valarelli F. 2014. Open-bite malocclusion: treatment and stability. Wiley Blackwell Company.
  • Justus R. 2001. Correction of anterior open bite with spurs: long term stability. World J Orhod, 2: 219-231.
  • Karla V, Burstone CJ. 1989. Eggects of fixed magnetic appliance on the dentofacial complex. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 95: 467-478.
  • Kaya B, Arman A. 2006. Açık kapanış malokluzyonlarının tedavisi. Cumhuriyet Üniv Diş Hek Fak Dergisi, 9(1): 53-62.
  • Kelly JE, Sanchez M, Van Kirk LE. 1973. An assasment of the occlusion of teeth of children, US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA): 74-1612, National Center for Health Statistics, Washington DC.
  • Koç F, Görgülü S, Gökçe S. 2011. Açık kapanış anomalisi ve tedavileri. ADO Klinik Bilim Derg, 5(3): 939-946.
  • Kuster R, Ingervall B. 1992. The effect of treatment of skeletal open bite with two types of bite blocks. Eur J Orthod, 14(6): 489-499.
  • Lagerström LO, Nielsen IL, Lee R, Isaacson RJ. 1990. Dental and skeletal contributions to occlusal correction in patients treated with the high-pull headgear-activator combination. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 97: 495-504.
  • Lenzi De Oliveira JM, Dutra ALT, Pereira CM, Toledo OA. 2011. Etiology and treatment of anterior open bite. Health Sci Inst, 29(2): 92-95.
  • Lin LH, Huang GW, Chen CS. 2013. Etiology and Treatment Modalities of Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion. J Exp Clin Med, 5(1): 1-4.
  • Majourau A, Nanda R. 1994. Biomechanical basis of vertical dimension control during rapid palatal expansion therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 106: 322-328.
  • Mavropoulos A, Bresin A, Kilidaris S. 2004. Morphometric analysis of the mandible in growing rats with different masticatory functional demands: adaptation to an upper posterior bite block. Eur J Oral Sci, 112: 259-266.
  • Mcnamara JA, Brudon WL, Kokich VG. 2001. Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Needham Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
  • Meyer-Marcotty P, Hartmann J, Eisenhauer AS. 2007. Dentoalveolar open bite treatment with spur appliances. J Orofac Ortho, 68: 510-520. Moore MB. 1996. Digits, dummies and malocclusions. Dent Update, 23: 415– 422.
  • Nanda R. 2005. Biomechanics and esthetic strategies in clinical orthodontics. Elsevier Inc, chapter 9- 16.
  • Ngan P, Wilson S, Florman M, Wei SHY. 1992. Treatment of Class II open bite in the mixed dentition with a removable functional appliance and headgear. Quintessence Int, 23(5): 323-333.
  • Parker JH. 1971. The interception of the open bite in the early growth period. Angle Orthod, 41(1): 24-44.
  • Pedrin F, Almeida MR, Almeida RR, Almeida-Pedrin RR, Torres F. 2006. A prospective study of the treatment effects of a removable appliance with palatal crib combined with high-pull chincup therapy in anterior open-bite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 129: 418-423.
  • Pfeiffer JP, Grobety D. 1982. A philosophy of combined orthopedic orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod, 81(3): 185-201.
  • Proffit WR, Fields HW, Ackerman JL, Bailey LJ, Tulloch JFC. 2000. Contemporary Orthodontics. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mosby Inc.
  • Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. 2007. Contemporary Orthodontics. St. Louis, Mosby Elsevier.
  • Rübendüz M, Altuğ Z. 1997. Gelişim döneminde açık kapanışın monoblok, oksipital headgear ve vertical chin cup ile combine tedavisinin iskelet yapı üzerinde etkisi. T J Orthod, 10: 38-45.
  • Sankey W, Buschang P, English JD, Owen AH. 2000. Early treatment of vertical skeletal dysplasia: the hyperdivergent phenotype. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 118: 317-327.
  • Sarı Z, Uysal T, Karaman AI, Basciftçi FA, Usumez S, Demır A. 2003. Ortodontik malokluzyonlar ve tedavi seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesi: Epidemiolojik çalışma. Türk Ortodonti Dergisi, 16: 119-126.
  • Shapiro PA. 2002. Stability of open bite treatment. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 121(6): 566-568.
  • Stellzig A, Steegmayer-Gilde G, Basdra EK. 1999. Elastic activator for treatment of open bite. British journal of orthodontics, 26: 89-92.
  • Stuani M, Stuani A, Stuani AS. 2005. Modified Thurow appliance: A clinical alternative for correcting skeletal open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 128:118-125.
  • Subtelny JD, Sakuda M. 1964. Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod, 50: 337-358.
  • Thurow RC. 1975. Craniomaxillary orthopedic correction with en masse dental control. Am J Orthod, 68: 601-624.
  • Topkara A. 2007. S.Ü. Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ortodonti Anabilim Dalı’nda 1990-2005 Döneminde Tedavi Gören Hastaların Ortodontik Özelliklerinin ve Tedavi Yaklaşımlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Doktora tezi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Villa NL, Cisneros GJ. 1997. Changes in the dentition secondary to palatal crib therapy in digit-suckers. Pediatric Dent, 19: 323-326.
  • Weinbach JR, Smith RJ. 1992. Cephalometric changes during treatment with the open bite bionator. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 101: 367-374.
  • Worms FW, Meskin LH, Isaacson RJ. 1971. Open-bite. Am J Orthod, 59: 589-595.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Diş Hekimliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Alev Aksoy Doğan 0000-0003-4605-2896

Ufuk Gökkaya Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6936-3879

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Ekim 2018
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğan, A. A., & Gökkaya, U. (2019). ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. Black Sea Journal of Health Science, 2(1), 13-20.
AMA Doğan AA, Gökkaya U. ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. BSJ Health Sci. Ocak 2019;2(1):13-20.
Chicago Doğan, Alev Aksoy, ve Ufuk Gökkaya. “ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 2, sy. 1 (Ocak 2019): 13-20.
EndNote Doğan AA, Gökkaya U (01 Ocak 2019) ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 2 1 13–20.
IEEE A. A. Doğan ve U. Gökkaya, “ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI”, BSJ Health Sci., c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 13–20, 2019.
ISNAD Doğan, Alev Aksoy - Gökkaya, Ufuk. “ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science 2/1 (Ocak 2019), 13-20.
JAMA Doğan AA, Gökkaya U. ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. BSJ Health Sci. 2019;2:13–20.
MLA Doğan, Alev Aksoy ve Ufuk Gökkaya. “ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI”. Black Sea Journal of Health Science, c. 2, sy. 1, 2019, ss. 13-20.
Vancouver Doğan AA, Gökkaya U. ERKEN DÖNEM AÇIK KAPANIŞ MALOKLÜZYONLARINDA TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. BSJ Health Sci. 2019;2(1):13-20.