Emziren Annelerde Yeme Farkındalığı, Sezgisel Yeme ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterliliği Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 6, 263 - 274, 15.11.2025

Sümeyye Begüm Atalan , Funda Işık , Kadriye Elif İmre

https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.1704377

Öz

Emzirme öz-yeterliliği, annenin emzirme sürecindeki yetkinliği, motivasyonu ve bu süreçte karşılaştığı engellerle başa çıkma becerisini ifade etmektedir. Emzirmenin süresi ve devamlılığı, annelerde duygusal yeme ve kontrolsüz beslenme davranışlarını etkileyebilir. Yeme farkındalığı ve sezgisel yeme uygulamaları, bireylerin açlık ve tokluk sinyallerini dikkate alarak besin alımını düzenlemelerine yardımcı olur. Ancak bu kavramlar üzerine yapılan çalışmalar genellikle farklı popülasyonlara odaklanmış olup, emziren annelerde sınırlı sayıda incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, emziren annelerde bireysel faktörler, yeme farkındalığı ve sezgisel yeme puanları ile emzirme öz-yeterliliği arasındaki ilişkileri değerlendirmektir. Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tasarıma sahip bu araştırma, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Laktasyon Kliniği’ne Şubat 2024 - Temmuz 2024 tarihleri arasında başvuran emziren anneler ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, katılımcıların demografik bilgilerini içeren bir anket formunun yanı sıra Sezgisel Yeme Ölçeği-2, Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği ve Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca annelerin antropometrik ölçümleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan 273 annenin emzirme öz-yeterlilik puanı ortalama 56,9±8,66, medyan 58,0 (min: 25 – max: 70) olarak bulunmuştur. Emzirme öz-yeterlilik puanları; bebeğin yaşı, sadece anne sütü ile beslenme süresi, gebelik öncesi beden kütle indeksi ve hastalık öyküsü ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkili bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Regresyon analizine göre, sadece anne sütü ile beslenme süresi (B=0,39, P=0.031) ve hastalık öyküsünün olmaması (B=2,82, P=0,022) emzirme öz-yeterliliğini anlamlı düzeyde yordayan faktörlerdir. Yüksek emzirme öz-yeterliliğine sahip annelerin, emzirme süresi ile sezgisel yeme ve yeme farkındalığı puanları, düşük öz-yeterliliğe sahip annelere kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksektir (P<0,05). Bulgular, emzirme öz-yeterliliğinin yalnızca fizyolojik değil, aynı zamanda sezgisel yeme ve yeme farkındalığı gibi beslenme davranışlarıyla da ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, emzirme sürecine yönelik eğitim ve destek programlarında yeme davranışlarının da dikkate alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emzirme , Emzirme öz-yeterliliği , Yeme farkındalığı , Sezgisel yeme , Beslenme

Etik Beyan

Kastamonu Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından onay alınmıştır (onay tarihi: 16 Şubat, 2024; karar numarası: 2024-KAEK-34). Araştırmada yer alan bireylere bilgilendirilmiş onam formu doğrultusunda çalışmanın amacı ve hedefleri detaylı olarak anlatılmıştır. Katılımcılar onam formunu imzaladıktan sonra araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Teşekkür

Bu makale 10-12 Ekim 2024 tarihleri arasında Ankara’da düzenlenen XI. Uluslararası Beslenme ve Diyetetik Kongresi adlı etkinlikte poster bildiri olarak sunulmuş ve özeti kongre bildiri özet kitabında basılmış “Emziren Annelerde Yeme Farkındalığı, Sezgisel Yeme ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterliliği Üzerine Bir İnceleme” başlıklı bildirinin tamamlanmış halidir.

The Relationship between Mindful Eating, Intuitive Eating, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy among Lactating Mothers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Breastfeeding self-efficacy refers to a mother's perceived competence, motivation, and ability to cope with challenges during the breastfeeding process. The duration and continuity of breastfeeding may influence maternal emotional eating and uncontrolled eating behaviors. Mindful and intuitive eating practices help individuals regulate food intake by responding to internal hunger and satiety cues. However, existing research on these concepts has primarily focused on non-lactating populations, with limited evidence among breastfeeding mothers. This study aimed to examine the relationship between individual factors, mindful and intuitive eating scores, and breastfeeding self-efficacy among lactating women. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between February and July 2024 with breastfeeding mothers who applied to the Lactation Clinic of Kastamonu University Training and Research Hospital. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Intuitive Eating Scale-2, the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were also assessed. The study included 273 mothers, with a mean breastfeeding self-efficacy score of 56.9±8.66 and a median of 58.0 (range: 25–70). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was significantly associated with infant age, exclusive breastfeeding duration, pre-pregnancy BMI, and history of chronic illness (P<0.05). According to regression analysis, longer exclusive breastfeeding duration (B=0.39, P=0.031) and absence of chronic illness (B=2.82, P=0.022) were significant predictors of higher breastfeeding self-efficacy. Mothers with higher self-efficacy scores also demonstrated significantly greater mindful and intuitive eating scores compared to those with lower self-efficacy (P<0.05). These findings suggest that breastfeeding self-efficacy is associated not only with physiological or clinical variables but also with individual eating behaviors such as intuitive and mindful eating. The results highlight the need to integrate eating behavior strategies into educational and support programs designed to promote successful breastfeeding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Breastfeeding , Breastfeeding self-efficacy , Mindful eating , Intuitive eating , Nutrition

Kaynakça

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