Birinci Basamak ve Bütünleşik Sağlık Hizmetleri

Öz

Hizmetlerin girdilerinin, sunumunun, yönetiminin ve organizasyonunun erişim, kalite, kullanıcı memnuniyeti ve verimliliğin artırılması amacıyla bir araya getirilmesi olarak tanımlanan bütünleşik sağlık hizmetlerinin amacı birbirinden kopuk ve bağımsız sunulan bazı sağlık hizmetlerine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkabilecek hasta güvenliği sorunları ile maliyet sorunlarını azaltmaktır. Bütünleştirme yatay ya da dikey şekilde olabilmektedir. Hangi tür sağlık hizmetlerinin, hangi hizmet basamağında, hangi sağlık kuruluşları ve profesyonelleri tarafından bütünleşik şekilde sunulması gerektiği konusunda tüm toplumlara uyarlanabilecek standart formüller bulunmamaktadır. Ülkelerin, aynı ülkedeki farklı bölgelerin coğrafi, sosyal ve ekonomik koşullarına bağlı olarak farklı bütünleştirme yöntemleri uygulanabilmektedir. Teknolojik ve bilimsel gelişmelere bağlı olarak zaman içerisinde yeni hizmet türlerinin, yeni mesleklerin ortaya çıkması yeni örgütlenmeleri ve yeni iş birliklerini gerektirebildiğinden bütünleşik hizmet konusunu sabit bir uygulama olarak değil dinamik bir değişim süreci olarak görmek gerekir. Sağlık politikaları, yönetimi ve örgütlenmesi alanındaki karar vericilerin ve yetkili profesyonellerin bu konuda donanımlı olması önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bütünleşik sağlık hizmeti
• Birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti
• Yatay bütünleşme
• Dikey bütünleşme

PRIMARY CARE AND INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE

Öz

The aim of integrated health services, which is defined as bringing together the inputs, delivery, management and organization of services with the aim of increasing access, quality, user satisfaction and efficiency, is to reduce patient safety problems and cost problems that may arise due to some health services that are disconnected and independent from each other. Integration can be horizontal or vertical. There are no standard formulas that can be adapted to all societies about which types of health services, at which service level, by which health institutions and professionals should be provided in an integrated manner. Different integration methods can be applied depending on the geographical, social and economic conditions of countries as well as different regions within the same country. Since the emergence of new types of services and new professions over time due to technological and scientific developments may require new organizations and new collaborations, the issue of integrated services should not be seen as a fixed practice but as a dynamic process of change. It is important that decision-makers and authorized professionals in the field of health policies, management and organization are equipped in this regard.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Integrated health care
• Primary care
• Horizontal integration
• Vertical integration

Kaynakça

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