Fungal Mikrobiyom; Mikobiyom?

Öz

Bakteriyel mikrobiyom analiz ve araştırmaları, mantar mikrobiyomu kavramı ve çalışmalarının önüne geçmiştir. Tüm insanlar ve laboratuvar hayvanları, sağlıklı olduklarında doğal mantar topluluklarını taşırlar. Mantar mikrobiyomu, bakteriyel mikrobiyomdan önemli ölçüde daha küçüktür. Hastalıkta kofaktör olarak mantar mikrobiyomunun rolü de belirgindir ancak bunca zamanda hafife alınmıştır. Sağlıklı bir derinin fungal mikrobiyomunda yer alan başlıca türler Malassezia ve Candida türleridir. Sağlıklı deride daha fazla maya formu görülürken, etkilenen bölgelerde daha çok hifal formda görülmektedir. Ağız mikrobiyomunun fungi içerdiği kabaca Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium ve Cryptococcus sp den oluşmaktadır. Sağlıklı akciğerlerin steril olduğu savı da son yıllarda yapılan sekans çalışmaları ile değişmiş, fungal topluluklardan Aspergillus fumigatus başta olmak üzere Ceriporia lacerata, Saccharomyces cerevicae ve Penicillium brevicompactum’un bulunduğunu gösterilmiştir. İnflamatuar bağırsak hastalıklarında belirgin fungal mikrobiyal disbiyoz bulunmuş, Basidiomycota / Ascomycota oranı ve C. albicans’ın arttığı, Saccharomyces cerevisiae oranının ise azalmış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta; Bu tür karmaşık ve birbirine bağlı mikrobiyal sistemlerde, mikobiyom, bir dizi hastalığa ve bunların patogenezine katkıda bulunan bir faktör olabilir. İleri çalışmalar kısa sürede bu tür konulara açılım getirecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungal mikrobiyom
• mikobiyom
• mantar
• mikrobiyota

Fungal Microbiome; Mycobiome

Öz

Fungal microbiome concept and studies are dominated by bacterial microbiome analysis and researches. All humans and laboratory animals carry natural fungal
communities when they are healthy. " e fungal microbiome is significantly smaller than the bacterial microbiome. " e role of the fungal microbiome as a cofactor
in disease is also apparent, but has been underestimated in this time. " e main species in the fungal microbiome of a healthy skin are Malassezia and Candida
species. While more yeast forms are seen in healthy skin, it is mostly seen in hyphae form in the a# ected areas. " e oral microbiome consists roughly of Candida,
Aspergillus, Fusarium and Cryptococcus sp. " e argument that healthy lungs are sterile has also changed with the sequence studies carried out in recent years, and it
has been shown that there are fungal communities such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Ceriporia lacerata, Saccharomyces cerevicae and Penicillium brevicompactum. It
was found that significant fungal microbial dysbiosis was found in in$ ammatory bowel diseases, Basidiomycota / Ascomycota ratio and C. albicans increased, and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ratio decreased. A% er all; In such complex and interconnected microbial systems, the mycobiome can be a contributing factor to a number
of diseases and their pathogenesis. Further studies will open up such issues in a short time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungal microbiome
• mycobiome
• fungus
• microbiota

Kaynakça

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