COVID-19 Hikayesine Göre Oral Hijyen Alışkanlığının ve Periodontal Hastalık Hikayesinin Teledişhekimliği Aracılığıyla Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma

Öz

Amaç: Bu anket çalışmasında teledişhekimliği ile bireylerin oral hijyen alışkanlıklarının, periodontal hastalık hikayelerinin değerlendirilmesi ve COVID-19 hikayelerine göre oral hijyen, periodontal hastalık durumlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya pandemi öncesinde fakültemize başvurmuş hastalardan teledişhekimliği yolu ile ulaşılan hastalar dahil edildi. Onamı alınan hastalara 4 bölüm ve 25 sorudan oluşan bir anket telefon konuşması aracılığıyla uygulandı. Anketin ilk bölümünde demografik bilgiler, medikal hikaye, sigara içme alışkanlığı ve COVID-19 hikayesi (COVID-19 geçiren [COVID(+)] veya geçirmeyen [COVID(-)]) sorgulanırken sonraki üç bölümde dental hijyen (DH), çevresel dental hijyen (ÇH), periodontal hastalık hikayesi (PH) değerlendirildi. Bu üç bölümdeki sorulara verilen yanıtlar, artan değerler olumsuz tutumu sembolize edecek şekilde puanlandırıldı. Puanların toplamından elde edilebilecek minimum ve maksimum değerler dikkate alınarak düşük, orta ve yüksek değer aralıklarının yer aldığı DH, ÇH ve PH ölçekleri oluşturuldu. Gruplar ölçeklerden alınan ortalama değer ve ölçek aralıklarında dağılım açısından kıyaslandı. Bulgular: Anketi tamamlayan 154 kişinin 84’ü (%54.5) COVID(+) grubunda yer alırken 70’i (%45.5) COVID(-) grubunda yer aldı. İki grup arasında yaş, cinsiyet, sistemik hastalık varlığı ve ilaç kullanımı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmazken sigara alışkanlığı açısından farklılık tespit edildi. Sigara içen kişi sayısı COVID(-) grubunda daha fazla bulundu (p=0.034). Mann Whitney U ve Chi-square testlerinin sonuçlarına göre iki grup arasında ölçek değerleri ve hastaların ölçek aralıklarına dağılımları açısından istatistiksel farklılık görülmedi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada periodontal durum ile COVID-19 ilişkisini destekleyecek kanıt elde edilememiştir ve teledişhekimliğiyle belirlenen periodontal açıdan riskli bireylerin yer aldığı, COVID-19 komplikasyon verilerine yer verilen, katılımcı sayısının fazla olduğu ileri klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• Ağız hijyeni
• Perıodontal hastalıklar

Evaluation Of Oral Hygiene Habits And Periodontal Disease According To The COVID-19 History By Teledentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Aim: To evaluate oral hygiene habits and periodontal disease status with teledentistry and to compare oral hygiene and periodontal disease status according to the COVID-19 history. Materials and Methods: Patients who had applied to our faculty before the pandemic and were reached via teledentistry were included. A questionnaire consisting of 4 sections and 25 questions was administered through telephone conversation. Demographic information, medical history, smoking habits, and COVID-19 history (with [COVID(+)] or without COVID-19 [COVID(-)]) were questioned in the first section, while dental hygiene (DH), environmental dental hygiene (EH), history of periodontal disease (PH) were evaluated in the next three sections. The answers were scored in a way that increased values symbolize negative attitude. Taking into account the minimum and maximum values that can be obtained from the sum of the scores; DH, EH and PH scales with low, medium and high value ranges were created. The groups were compared in terms of the mean value from the scales and the distribution in the scale ranges. Results: Of the 154 people who completed the survey, 84 (54.5%) were in the COVID(+), while 70 (45.5%) were in the COVID(-). While there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, presence of systemic disease and medication use; there was a difference in smoking habit. The number of smokers was higher in the COVID(-) (p=0.034). According to the results of Mann Whitney U and Chi-square tests, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of scale values and distribution of patients to scale ranges. Conclusion: There was no evidence to support the relationship between periodontal status and COVID-19, and further clinical studies with a higher number of participants, including individuals with periodontal risk determined by teledentistry, and COVID-19 complication data are needed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• oral hygiene
• periodontal diseases

Kaynakça

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