Sağlık ve Hastalıkta Oral Kavite Mikrobiyotası

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 9 - 22, 30.04.2018

Doğukan Yılmaz , Mustafa Altındiş

Öz

İnsan
oral kavitesi; dişler, dişetleri, dil, yumuşak ve sert damak gibi farklı
anatomik özelliklere sahip zengin bir habitat içerir. Oral mikrobiyota; bakteri,
fungus, virüs ve ark’lardan oluşan bu habitatlarda yerleşim gösteren
mikroorganizma topluluğudur. Bu mikroorganizmaların her birinin tek başlarına
önemli rolleri vardır ancak birbirleriyle ve konakla da ciddi etkileşime
girmektedirler. Bu derlemede, oral mikrobiyota elemanlarının oral kaviteye
nasıl yerleştikleri ve konakla yaşam boyunca girdikleri dinamik etkileşimin
yanı sıra, Oral kavitenin başlıca hastalıklarından, diş çürüğü, periodontal
hastalıklar gibi durumlarda mikrobiyotanın etkisi ve değişiminden
bahsedilmiştir. Oral mikrobiyotanın zengin yapısı sadece ağız hastalıkları ile
sınırlı kalmaz aynı zamanda diabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve kanser gibi
popülasyonun çok büyük bir bölümünü etkileyen sistemik ve metabolik
hastalıkların etyolojik ve patofizyolojik mekanizmalarında önemli etkileri
mevcuttur. Oral mikrobiyotanın kolonizasyonu, birbirleriyle ve konakla ilişkileri,
oral ve sistemik sağlık ve hastalıklardaki değişimleri, hastalıkların
etiyolojisi ve mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasında ve tedavilerinde kilit öneme
sahip olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oral Mikrobiyota, Oral Ekosistem, Ağız Hastalıkları

Kaynakça

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