Leptin Hormonun Bazı Fizyolojik Sistemler Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 113 - 118, 01.07.2019

Tahsin Uzun

Öz

Leptin, vücut kitle indeksi, termogenez ve organizmadaki
yağ depoları ve iştahı düzenleyerek tokluk duygusu oluşturarak beslenmeyi
düzenleyen bir önemli bir adipokin hormonudur. Nöroendokrin fonksiyonlar, reproduksiyon,
hemopoiezis ve angiogenez, üreme, enerji regülasyonu, metabolik süreçlerde önemli rolü bulunmaktadır.

Plazmadaki leptin seviyesi, vücuttaki yağ miktarı ve
enerji dengesini etkileyen önemli bir faktörlerden birisidir. Leptin,
organizmada adipoz dokunun yanı sıra hipotalamus, hipofiz, iskelet kası gibi
birçok organ ve dokudan sentezlenmektedir. Adipositlerden salınan Leptin,
merkezi sinir sistemini etkileyerek immün, endokrin ve üreme sistemi, enerji
regülasyonu başta olmak üzere birçok metabolik süreci düzenleyen bir
antiobezite faktörüdür. Fizyolojik sistemler üzerindeki olumlu etkileri bildirilmesiyle
birlikte fizyolojik mekanizmaların aydınlatılması yönündeki ihtiyaç duyulan
çalışmalar nedeniyle önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, leptin
hormonun fizyolojisi, bazı fizyolojik sistemler
üzerindeki etkisinin incelenerek literatür
ışığında bilgi içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Leptin, Adipokin, Hormon

Kaynakça

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• B. D. Bennet, G. P. Solar, J. O. Yuan ve G. R. Thomas, “A role for leptin and its cognate receptor in haematopoiesis,” Curr Biol., cilt 6, pp. 1170- 1180, 1996.
• A. Bouloumie, H. C. A. Dresler ve M. Lafontan, “Leptin,the product of the Ob gene,promotes angiogenesis,” Circ Res., cilt 83, pp. 1059-1066, 1998.
• U. T. Iwaniec, R. P. Heaney, D. M. Cullen ve J. A. Yee, “Leptin increases the number of mineralized bone nodules in vitro,” J Bone Miner Res., cilt 13, pp. 2-12, 1999.
• G. M. Lord, G. Matarese, J. K. Howard, R. J. Baker, S. R. Bloom ve R. I. Lechler, “Leptin modulates the T-cell immune response and reverses starvation-induced immunosuppression,” Nature, cilt 394, pp. 897-901, 1998.
• S. Kamohara, R. Burcelin, J. L. Halaas, J. M. Friedman ve M. J. Charron, “Acute stimulation of glucose metabolism in mice by leptin treatment,” Nature, cilt 389, pp. 374-377, 1997.
• M. K. Sinha, “Human leptin: the hormone of adipose tissue,” Eur J Endocrinol., cilt 136, pp. 461-464, 1997.
• W. F. Blum, P. Englaro, S. Hanitsch, A. Juul, N. T. Hertel, J. Müller, N. E. Skakkebæk, M. L. Heiman, M. Birkett, A. M. Attanasio, W. Kiess ve W. Rascher, “Plasma leptin levels in healthy children andadolescents: dependence on body mass index, body fat mass, gender, pubertal stage, and testosterone,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab., cilt 82, pp. 2904-2910, 1997.
• B. Morash, A. Li, P. R. Murphy, M. Wilkinson ve E. Ur, “Leptin gene expression in the brain andpituitary gland,” Endocrinology., cilt 140, pp. 5995-5998, 1999.
• G. Matarese, S. Moschos ve C. S. Mantzoros, “Leptin in immunology,” The Journal of Immunology, cilt 174, no. 6, pp. 3137-3142, 2005.
• N. Hoggard, L. Hunter, J. S. Duncan, L. M. Williams, P. Trayhurn ve J. G. Mercer, “Leptin and leptin receptor mRNA and protein expression in the murine fetus and placenta,” Proc Natl Acad Sci., cilt 8, pp. 11073-11078, 1997.
• J. Auwerx ve B. Staels, “Leptin,” Lancet., cilt 351, no. 9104, pp. 737-742, 1998.
• S. M. Smith-Kirwin, D. M. O'Connor, J. De Johnston, E. D. Lancey, S. G. Hassink ve V. L. Funanage, “Leptin expression in human mammary epithelial cells and breast milk,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism., cilt 83, no. 5, pp. 1810-1813, 1998.
• U. Meier ve A. M. Gressner, “Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism: Review of epithelial cells and breast milk,” The Journal of clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, cilt 83, pp. 1810-1813, 2004.
• S. Christos ve M. D. Mantzoros, “The role of leptin in human obesity and disease: A review of current evidience,” Ann Intern Med., cilt 13, pp. 671-680, 1999.
• G. J. Martin ve G. Y. Megan, “Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides,” Chapter, cilt 152, pp. 1129-1133, 2013.
• RCSB, “Protein Data Bank,” 2018. [Çevrimiçi]. Available: https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1AX8. [Erişildi: 01 12 2018].
• D. W. Gong, S. Bi, R. E. Pratley ve B. D. Weintraub, “Genomic structure and promoter analysis of the human obese gene,” J Biol Chem., cilt 271, pp. 3971-3974, 1996.
• “Chemical Book,” 2018. Available: https://www.chemicalbook.com / Chemical Product property-US-CB1179303.aspx. [Erişildi: 01 12 2018].
• A. Hekimoğlu, “Leptin ve fizyopatolojik olaylardaki rolü,” Dicle Tıp Dergisi, cilt 33, no. 4, pp. 259-267, 2006.
• D. Özbalcı ve M. Şahin, “Leptin ve immün sistem,” S.D.Ü Tıp Fak. Derg., cilt 14, pp. 51-55, 2007.
• H. Shimizu, Y. Shimomura, Y. Nakanishi, A. Futawatari, K. Ohtani, N. Sato ve M. Mori, “Estrogen increases in vivo leptin production in rats and human subjects,” Journal of Endocrinology, cilt 154, no. 2, pp. 285-292, 1997.
• V. Sánchez-Margalet, C. Martin-Romero, J. Santos-Alvarez, R. Goberna, S. Najib ve C. Gonzales-Yanes, “Role of leptin as an immunomodulator of blood mononuclear cells: mechanisms of action,” Clin Exp Immunol., cilt 133, pp. 11-19, 2003.
• L. Marroqui, A. Gonzalez, P. Ñeco, E. Caballero-Gardio, E. Vieira, C. Ripoll ve Quesada I, “Role of leptin in the pancreatic beta-cell: effects and signalling pathways,” Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, cilt 12, 2012.
• G. Boden, X. Chen, M. Mozzoli ve I. Ryan, “Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects,” J Clin Endorinol Metab. , cilt 81, pp. 3419-3423, 1996.
• K. Aslan, Z. Serdar ve H. A. Tokullugil, “Multifonksiyonel hormon: leptin,” Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, cilt 30, no. 2, pp. 113-118, 2004.
• K. Rahmouni ve W. G. Haynes, “Leptin signaling pathways in the central nervous system:interactions between neuropeptide Y and melanocortins,” Bioassays, cilt 23, pp. 1095-1099, 2001.
• D. Esin, “Obez Primer Hipertansiyonlu ve Obez Olmayan Primer Hipertansiyonlu Bayan Olgularda Serum Leptin Düzeyleri,” Uzmanlık Tezi, 2005.
• E. Jequier ve L. Tappy, “Regulation of body weight in humans,” Physiol Rev., cilt 79, pp. 451-480, 1999.
• C. Martin-Romero, J. Santoz-Alvarez, R. Goberna ve V. Sanchez-Margalet, “Human leptin enhances activation and proliferation of human circulating T lymphocytes,” Cell Immunol., cilt 199, p. 1524, 2000.
• Y. Chilliard, M. Bonnet, C. Delavaud, Y. Faulconniera, C. Lerouxb, J. Djianec ve F. Bocquierd, “Leptin in ruminants. Gene expression in adipose tissue and mammary gland, and regulation of plasma concentration,” Domestic Animal Endocrinology, cilt 21, pp. 271-295, 2001.
• F. Zhang, Y. Chen, M. Haiman ve R. Dimarchi, “Leptin: structure, function and biology,” Vitamins & Hormones, cilt 71, pp. 345-372, 2005.
• J. B. Ruige, J. M. Dekker, W. F. Blum, C. D. Stehouwer, G. Nijpels, J. Mooy, P. Kostanse, L. Bouter ve R. J. Heine, “Leptin and variables of body adiposity, energy balance and insülin resistance in a population based study,” Diabetes Care, cilt 22, pp. 1097-1104, 1999.