The Role of STEM Education in Teacher Training: A Study on Critical Thinking and Technological Attitudes

Öz

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a short-term STEM education on the cognitive and affective development of pre-service teachers. The variables addressed within the scope of the research include pre-service teachers' critical thinking skills, attitude towards robotic technologies, interest in astronomy and general STEM attitude. The research was conducted with a quantitative method and a quasi-experimental design was adopted. The effect of STEM education was evaluated by analyzing the pre-test, post-test and retention test data administered to the participants after four weeks. In addition, in order to collect qualitative data on the learning experiences of pre-service teachers, written feedbacks were obtained through open-ended questions. According to the results of the study, STEM education provided significant improvement in pre-service teachers' critical thinking skills and attitudes towards robotic technologies. This shows that the applied and problem-based structure of STEM positively affects thinking processes and technological interest level. However, there was no statistically significant difference in variables such as interest in astronomy and general STEM attitude. The findings of the retention test revealed that the gains obtained can be sustained in the short term. Qualitative findings that the participants were able to relate their learning experiences to daily life showed that learning became meaningful. In line with the findings of the research, it is emphasized that STEM education should be structured systematically in teacher training programs, the content should be differentiated specific to branches and the importance of supporting pre-service teachers with applied learning opportunities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• STEM education
• pre-service teachers
• critical thinking
• robotics attitude
• interest in astronomy
• learning retention

STEM Eğitiminin Öğretmen Yetiştirmedeki Rolü: Eleştirel Düşünme ve Teknolojik Tutumlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, STEM eğitiminin öğretmen adaylarının bilişsel ve duyuşsal gelişimleri üzerindekietkisini incelemektir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan değişkenler arasında öğretmen adaylarınıneleştirel düşünme becerisi, robotik teknolojilere yönelik tutumu, astronomiye ilgisi ve genel STEMtutumu yer almaktadır. Araştırma, nicel bir yöntemle yürütülmüş ve yarı deneysel desenbenimsenmiştir. Katılımcılara uygulanan ön test, son test ve dört hafta sonra gerçekleştirilen kalıcılıktesti verileri analiz edilerek STEM eğitiminin etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarındanöğrenme deneyimlerine ilişkin nitel veri toplamak amacıyla açık uçlu sorularla yazılı geri bildirimleralınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, STEM eğitimi öğretmen adaylarının özellikle eleştirel düşünmebecerilerinde ve robotik teknolojilere yönelik tutumlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişim sağlandığıtespit edilmiştir. Bu durum, STEM’in uygulamalı ve problem temelli yapısının düşünme süreçlerini veteknolojik ilgi düzeyini olumlu etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ancak astronomiye ilgi ve genel STEMtutumu gibi değişkenlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark oluşmamıştır. Kalıcılık testi bulguları, eldeedilen kazanımların sürdürülebildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Katılımcıların öğrenme deneyimlerini günlükyaşamla ilişkilendirebildiklerine dair nitel bulgular ise öğrenmenin anlamlı hâle geldiğini göstermektedir.Araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda, öğretmen yetiştirme programlarında STEM eğitiminin sistematikbiçimde yapılandırılması gerektiği, içeriklerin branşlara özgü olarak farklılaştırılması ve öğretmenadaylarının uygulamalı öğrenme fırsatlarıyla desteklenmesinin önemi vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• STEM eğitimi
• öğretmen adayları
• eleştirel düşünme
• robotik tutum
• astronomiye ilgi
• öğrenme kalıcılığı

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