Geochemistry and tectonic signifi cance of the ophiolitic rocks of the Yarpuz-Kaypak (Amanoslar, Osmaniye) area

Yıl 2019, , 99 - 116, 15.08.2019

Tamer Rızaoğlu , Utku Bağcı , Osman Parlak

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.501393

Öz

Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) region,
located in Amanos Mountains, contains harzburgitic tectonites and mafic
cumulates. The tectonites are represented by serpantinized harzburgites,
whereas the cumulates are characterized by gabbronorite and gabbro
compositions. The crystallization order within the cumulates is clinopyroxene,
orthopyroxene plagioclase and amphibole. The major element compositions of the
tectonites and cumulate rocks are consistent with formation in an arc-related
tectonic setting. Trace element concentrations of these rocks exhibit large ion
litophile element enrichments. Both geochemical and petrographic evidence
suggest that the tectonite and cumulate rocks from the Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye)
region represent the remnants of an oceanic lithosphere that formed in a
supra-subduction zone tectonic setting during the closure of the Southern
Neotethyan ocean and emplaced onto the northern margin of the Arabian platform
in Late Cretaceous.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ophiolite, Petrography, Geochemistry, Suprasubduction zone, Neotethys, Turkey

Teşekkür

We thank to Fabio Capponi (Geneva University) who conducted the geochemical analysis. We also thank to Prof. Dr. Mehmet Arslan, Dr. Paola Tartarotti (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) and other anonymous referee due to their valuable contributions. We also thank editor Prof. Dr. Taner Ünlü for handling the manuscript.

Kaynakça

• Aldanmaz, E. 2012. Trace element geochemistry of primary mantle minerals in spinel-peridotites from polygenetic MOR–SSZ suites of SW Turkey: constraints from an LA-ICP-MS study and implications for mantle metasomatism. Geological Journal, 47, 59–76.
• Aldanmaz, E., Schmidt, M.W., Gourgaud, A., Meisel, T. 2009. Mid-ocean ridge and suprasubduction geochemical signatures in spinel–peridotites from the Neotethyan ophiolites in SW Turkey: implications for upper mantle melting processes. Lithos, 113, 691–708.
• Alparslan, G., Dilek, Y. 2018. Seafloor spreading structure, geochronology and tectonic evolution of the Küre ophiolite, Turkey: A Jurassic continental backarc basin oceanic lithosphere in southern Eurasia. Lithosphere, 10, 14–34.
• Arai, S. 1994. Characterization of spinel peridotites by olivine-spinel compositional relationships, review and interpretation. Chemical Geology 113, 191–204.
• Arai, S., Kadoshima, K., Morishita, T. 2006. Widespread arc-related melting in the mantle section of the northern Oman ophiolite as inferred from detrital chromian spinels. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 163, 1–11.
• Arculus R.J., Powell R. 1986. Source component mixing in the regions of arc magma generation. The Journal of Geophysical Research, 91: 5913–5926.
• Arculus, R.J., Wills, K.J.A. 1980. The petrology of plutonic blocks and inclusions from Lesser Antilles island arc. Journal of Petrology, 21: 743–799.
• Atan, R. O. 1969. Eğribucak-Karacaören (Hassa)-Ceyhanlı- Dazevleri (Kırıkhan) arasındaki Amanos dağlarının jeolojisi: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını No: 139, 85 s.
• Bağcı U. 2013. The geochemistry and petrology of the ophiolitic rocks from the Kahramanmaraş region, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal Earth Sciences, 22: 536–562.
• Bağcı, U., Parlak, O. 2009. Petrology of the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite (Southern Turkey): Evidence for diverse magma generations and their tectonic implications during Neotethyan-subduction. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 98: 387– 405.
• Bağcı, U., Parlak, O., Höck, V. 2005. Whole rock and mineral chemistry of cumulates from the Kızıldağ (Hatay) ophiolite (Turkey): clues for multiple magma generation during crustal accretion in the sourhern Neotethyan ocean. Mineralogical Magazine, 69: 39–62.
• Bağcı, U., Parlak, O., Höck, V. 2006. Geochemical character and tectonic environment of ultramafic to mafic cumulates from the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite (southern Turkey). Geological Journal, 41: 193- 219.
• Bağcı, U., Parlak, O., Höck, V. 2008. Geochemistry and tectonic environment of diverse magma generations forming the crustal units of the Kızıldağ (Hatay) ophiolite southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 17: 43–71.
• Ballantyne, P. 1992. Petrology and geochemistry of the plutonic rocks of the Halmahera ophiolite, eastern Indonesia, an analogue of modern oceanic forearcs. In: Parson Lm, Murton Bj., Browning P (eds), Ophiolites and Their Modern Oceanic Analogues. Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 60, 179–202.
• Beard, J.S. 1986. Characteristic mineralogy of arc-related cumulate gabbros: implications for the tectonic setting of gabbroic plutons and for andesite genesis. Geology, 14: 848-851.
• Beyarslan, M., Bingöl, A.F. 2000. Petrology of a supra- subduction zone ophiolite (Elazığ, Turkey). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 37: 1411– 1424.
• Borisenko, L.F. 1967. Trace elements in pyroxenes and amphiboles from ultramafic rocks of the Urals. Mineralogical Magazine, 36, 403–410.
• Boulton, S.J., Robertson, A. H. F., Ünlügenç, U.C. 2006. Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Cenozoic Hatay Graben, Southern Turkey: a two- phase model for graben formation, foreland basin then transtensional basin model. In: Robertson, A.H.F., Mountrakis, D. (Eds.), Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 260, 613-634.
• Camuzcuoğlu, M., Bağcı, U., Koepke, J.Wolff, P. 2017. Tectonic significance of the cumulate gabbros within Kuluncak ophiolitic suite (Malatya, SE Turkey) inferred from geochemical data. Ofioliti, 42, 81-103.
• Coleman, R.G. 1963. Serpentinites, Rodingites, and Tectonic Inclusions in Alpine-type Mountain Chains, Geological Society of America, Special Papers, vol. 73.
• Çelik, Ö.F., Delaloye, M.F. 2003. Origin of metamorphic soles and their post-kinematic mafic dyke swarms in the Antalya and Lycian ophiolites, SW Turkey. Geological Journal, 38, 235–256.
• Çelik, Ö.F., Delaloye, M.F. 2006. Characteristics of ophiolite-related metamorphic rocks in the Beyşehir ophiolitic mélange (Central Taurides, Turkey), deduced from whole rock and mineral chemistry. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26, 461–476.
• Çelik, O.F., Marzoli, A., Marschik, R., Chiaradia, M. 2011. Early-Middle Jurassic intra-oceanic subduction in the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan ocean, northern Turkey. Tectonophysics, 509, 120-134.
• Çoğulu, H.E. 1975. Hatay Ultramafitlerinin Jeolojisi ve Petrolojisi. Proje TBAG-62 (Tübitak), Turkey, 90 p.
• DeBari, S.M., Coleman, R.G. 1989. Examination of the deep levels of an island arc: evidence from the Tonsina ultramafic-mafic assemblage, Tonsina, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94: 4373–4391.
• DeBari, S.M., Kay, S.M., Kay, R.W. 1987. Ultramafic xenoliths from Adagdak volcano, Adak, Aleutian Islands, Alaska: deformed igneous cumulates from the Moho of an island arc. Journal of Geology, 95: 329–341.
• Delaloye, M., Pişkin, Ö., Selçuk, H., Vuagnat, M., Wagner, J.J. 1980. Geological Section Through the Hatay Ophiolite along the Mediterranean Coast, Southern Turkey. Ofioliti, 5 (2/3), 205-216.
• Dick, H.J.B., Bullen, T. 1984. Chromium spinel as a petrogenetic indicator in abyssal and Alpine- type peridotites and spatially associated lavas. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 86, 54–76.
• Dilek, Y., Moores, E.M. 1990. Regional tectonics of the eastern Mediterranean ophiolites. In: Malpas. J., Moores, E., Panayiotou, A. & Xenophontos, C. (eds), Proceeding of Troodos Ophiolite Symposium. Cyprus Geological Survey Department 295–309.
• Dilek, Y., Flower, M.F.J. 2003. Arc-trench rollback and forearc accretion: 2. A model template for ophiolites in Albania, Cyprus, and Oman. In: Ophiolites in Earth History, Dilek, Y., Robinson, P.T. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 218: 43–68.
• Dilek, Y., Thy, P. 2006. Age and petrogenesis of plagiogranite intrusions in the Ankara mélange central Turkey. Island Arc, 15, 44-57.
• Dilek, Y., Thy, P. 2009. Island arc tholeiite to boninitic melt evolution of the Cretaceous Kızıldağ (Turkey) ophiolite: Model for multi-stage early arc–forearc magmatism in Tethyan subduction factories. Lithos, 113: 68–87.
• Dilek, Y., Furnes, H. 2011. Ophiolite genesis and global tectonics: Geochemical and tectonic fingerprinting of ancient oceanic lithosphere. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 123, 387–411.
• Dilek, Y., Thy, P., Hacker, B., Grundvig, S. 1999. Structure and petrology of Tauride ophiolites and mafic dyke intrusions (Turkey): implications for the Neotethyan ocean. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 111: 1192-1216.
• Dilek, Y., Furnes, H., Shallo, M. 2008. Geochemistry of the Jurassic Mirdita ophiolite (Albania) and the MORB to SSZ evolution of a marginal basin oceanic crust. Lithos, 100, 174-209.
• Dubertret, L. 1955. Géologie des roches vertes du nord- ouest de la Syrie et du Hatay (Turquie). Notes Mémoires Moyen-Orient, 6, 227.
• Dupuy, C., Dostal, J., Marcelot, G., Bougault, H., Joron, J.L., Treuil, M. 1982. Geochemistry of basalt from central and southern New Hebrides arc: Implications for their source rock composition. Earth Planet Science. Letter., 60: 207-225.
• Floyd, P.A., Winchester, J.A. 1978. Identification and discrimination of altered and metamorphosed volcanic rocks using immobile elements. Chemical Geology, 21: 291-306.
• Floyd, P.A., Göncüoğlu, M.C., Winchester, J.A., Yalınız, M.K. 2000. Geochemical character and tectonic environment of Neotethyan ophiolitic fragments and metabasites in the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex, Turkey. Pp. In Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and the Surroundings Area, Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.D.A. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 173: 183-202
• Foden, J.D. 1983. The petrology of calcalkaline lavas of Rindjani volcano, East Sunda Arc: Model for island arcs. Journal of Petrology, 24:98-130.
• Fujimaki, H. 1986. Fractional crystallization of the basaltic suite of Usu volcano, southwest Hokkaido, Japan, and its relationships with the associated felsic suite. Lithos, 19: 129–140.
• Göncüoğlu, M., Turhan, N., Şentürk, K., Özcan, A., Uysal, S. 2000. A geotraverse across NW Turkey: tectonic units of the Central Sakarya region and their tectonic evolution. In: Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.D. (Eds.), Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and the Surrounding Area. Geological Society, London Special Publication, 173, 139–162.
• Göncüoğlu, M.C., Çapkınoğlu, Ş., Gürsu, S., Noble, P., Turhan, N., Tekin, U.K., Okuyucu, C.,Göncüoğlu, Y. 2007. The Mississippian in the Central and Eastern Taurides (Turkey): constraints on the tectonic setting of the Tauride–Anatolide Platform. Geologica Carpathica, 58, 427–442.
• Görür, N., Oktay, F.Y., Seymen, I., Şengör, A.M.C. 1984. Paleotectonic evolution of Tuz Gölü Basin complex, central Turkey. In: Dixon, J.E., Robertson, A.H.F. (eds.), The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17, 81–96.
• Grove, T.L., Baker M.B. 1984. Phase equilibrium controls on the tholeiitic versus calc-alkaline differentiation trends. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89, 3253–3274.
• Gül, M. 1987. Kahramanmaraş bölgesinin jeolojisi ve petrol olanakları. TPAO Report No. 2359, Ankara.
• Hart, S.R., Erlank, A.J., Kable, E.J.D. 1974. Sea floor basalt alteration: some chemical and Sr isotopic effects. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44: 219-230.
• Hébert, R., Laurent, R. 1990. Mineral chemistry of the plutonic section of the Troodos ophiolite: New constraints for genesis of arc-related ophiolites. In Proceedins of Troodos Ophiolite Symposium, Malpas, J., Moores, E., Panayiotou, A., Xenophontos, C. (eds). Cyprus Geological Survey Department: 149–163.
• Humphris, S.E., Thompson, G. 1978. Trace element mobility during hydrothermal alteration of oceanic basalts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 42, 127–136.
• Ishii, T., Robinson, P.T., Maekawa, H., Fiske, R. 1992. Petrological studies of peridotites from diapiric serpentinite seamounts in the Izu-Ogasawara- Mariana Forearc, Leg 125. In: Fryer, P., Pearce, J.A., Stokking, L.B., (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 125, 445-485.
• Jakes, P., White, A.J.R. 1972. Hornblendes from calcalkaline volcanic rocks of island arcs and continental margins. American Mineralogist, 57, 887–902.
• Jaques, A.L. 1981. Petrology and petrogenesis of cumulate peridotite and gabbro from the Marum ophiolite complex, northern Papau-New Guinea. Journal of Petrology, 22: 1-40.
• Jean, M.M., Shervais, J.W., Choi, S.H., Mukasa, S.B. 2010. Melt extraction and melt refertilization in mantle peridotite of the Coast Range ophiolite: an LA– ICP–MS study. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 159, 113–136.
• Johnson, K.T.M., Dick, H.J.B., Shimizu, N. 1990. Melting in the oceanic upper mantle: an ion microprobe study of diopsides in abyssal peridotites. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 2661–2678.
• Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Klötzli, U., Thöni, M., Koller, F. 2012. U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronology of the ophiolites from the SE Turkey: Implications for the Neotethyan evolution. Geodinamica Acta, 25, 146-161.
• Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Klötzli, U., Thöni, M., Koller, F. 2013a. U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronology of the Kızıldag (Hatay, Turkey) ophiolite: implications for the timing and duration of suprasubduction zone type oceanic crust formation in southern Neotethys. Geological Magazine, 283–299.
• Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Klötzli, U., Koller, F., Rızaoğlu, T. 2013b. Age and duration of intra-oceanic arc volcanism built on a suprasubduction zone type oceanic crust in southern Neotethys, SE Anatolia. Geoscience Frontiers, 4, 399-408.
• Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Hejl, E., Neubaver, F., Kloetzli, U. 2016. The temporal evolution of the active margin along the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SE Turkey): Evidence from U-Pb, Ar-Ar and fission track chronology. Gondwana Research, 33, 190- 208.
• Koglin, N. 2008. Geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic setting of ophiolites and mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Northeastern Aegean region: New trace-element, isotopic and age constraints. PhD thesis, University of Mainz, Germany.
• Koglin, N., Kostopoulos, D., Reichmann, T. 2009. Reichmann, Geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the Samothraki mafic suite, NE Greece: Trace-element, isotopic and zircon age constraints. Tectonophysics, 473, 53-68.
• Koller, F., Höck, V. 1990. Mesozoic Ophiolites in the Eastern Alps. In: Malpas, J., Moores, E., Panayiotou, A. and Xenophontos, C. (eds.) Ophiolites-Oceanic Crustal Analogues. Proceedings of Troodos Ophiolite Symposium-1987, 253-263.
• Konstantinou, A., Wirth, K.R., Vervoort, J. 2007. U-Pb isotopic dating of Troodos plagiogranite, Cyprus by LA-ICP-MS. Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, 28, p31.
• Li, X-P., Rahn, M., Bucher, K. 2004. Metamorphic processes in rodingites of the Zermatt–Saas ophiolites, International Geology Review, 2004, 46, 28-51.
• Liati, A., Gebauer, D., Fanning, M. 2004. The age of ophiolitic rocks of the Hellenides (Vourinos, Pindos, Crete): First U-Pb ion microprobe (SHRIMP) zircon ages. Chemical Geology, 207, 171-188.
• Livermore, R.A., Smith, A.G. 1984. Some boundary conditions for the evolution of the Mediterrannean Region. In Geological Evolution of the Mediterranean Basin, Stanley, D.J., Wezel, F.C. (eds). Springer-Verlag: Berlin; 83–100.
• Mukasa, S.B., Ludden, J.N. 1987. Uranium-lead ages of plagiogranites from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus, and their tectonic significance. Geology, 5, 825-828.
• Niu, Y. 1997. Mantle melting and melt extraction processes beneath ocean ridges: Evidence from abyssal peridotites. Journal of Petrology, 38, 1047–1074.
• Niu, Y. 2004. Bulk–rock major and trace element composition of abyssal peridotites, implications for mantle melting, melt extraction and post– melting processes beneath Mid–ocean Ridges. Journal of Petrology, 45, 2423–2458.
• Nurlu, N., Parlak, O., Robertson, A.H.F., Quadt, A.V. 2016. Implications of Late cretaceous U-Pb zircon ages of granitic intrusions cutting ophiolitic and volcanogenic rocks for the assembly of the Tauride allochthon in SE Anatolia (Helete area, Kahramanmaraş Region, SE Turkey). International. Journal Earth Sciences (Geol. Rundsch), 105:283-314.
• Oberhansli, R. 2013. High-pressure-low-temperature evolution in the Indus-Tsangpa suture along the Kohistan are (Kaghan Valley, NF. Pakistan). Episodes, 36(2), 87-93.
• Oberhansli, R., Bousquet, R., Candan, O., Okay, A.I. 2012. Dating subduction event in East Anatolia. Turkish Journal Earth Sciences, 21:1-17.
• Okay, A.I. 2000. Was the Late Triassic orogeny in Turkey caused by the collision of an oceanic plateau? In: Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.D.A. (eds.), Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and Surrounding Area. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 173, 25–41.
• Palandri, J.L., Reed, M.H. 2004 Geochemical models of metasomatism in ultramafic systems: Serpentinization, rodingitization, and sea floor carbonate chimney precipitation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2004, 68, 1115-1133.
• Panjasawatwong, Y., Danyushevsky, L.V., Crawford, A.J., Haris, K.L. 1995. An experimental study of the effects of melt composition on plagioclase-melt equilibria at 5 and 10 kbars: implications for the origin of magmatic high-An plagioclase. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 11: 420–432.
• Parkinson, I.J., Pearce, J.A. 1998. Peridotites from the Izu- Bonin-Mariana forearc (ODP Leg 125), evidence for mantle melting and melt–mantle interaction in a suprasubduction zone setting. Journal of Petrology, 39, 1577–1618.
• Parkinson, I.J., Pearce, J.A., Thirlwall,M.F., Johnson, K.T.M., Ingram, G. 1992. Trace element geochemistry of peridotites from the Izu–Bonin– Mariana forearc, Leg 125. In: Fryer, P., Pearce, J.A., Stokking, L.B., et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results, 125. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, pp. 487–506.
• Parlak, O. 2006. Geodynamic significance of granitoid magmatism in southeast Anatolia: geochemical and geochronogical evidence from Göksun-Afşin (Kahramanmaraş, Turkey) region. International Journal Earth Sciences (Geol. Rundsch), 95:609- 627.
• Parlak, O., Delaloye, M., Bingöl, E. 1996. Mineral chemistry of ultramafic and mafic cumulates as an indicator of the arc-related origin of the Mersin ophiolite (Southern Turkey). Geologische Rundschau, 85: 647–661.
• Parlak, O., Höck, V, Delaloye, M. 2000. Suprasubduction zone origin of the Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite (southern Turkey) deduced from whole-rock and mineral chemistry of the gabbroic cumulates. In Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and the Surroundings Area, Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.D.A. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 173: 219–234.
• Parlak, O., Höck, V., Delaloye, M. 2002. The suprasubduction zone Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite, southern Turkey: evidence for high-pressure crystal fractionation of ultramafic cumulates. Lithos, 65: 205–224.
• Parlak, O., Rızaoğlu, T., Bağcı, U., Karaoğlan, F., Höck, V. 2009. Tectonic significance of the geochemistry and petrology of ophiolites in southeast Anatolia, Turkey. Tectonophysics, 473: 173–187.
• Parlak, O., Karaoğlan F., Rızaoğlu, T., Klötzli, U., Koller, F., Billor, Z. 2013. U-Pb And Ar-40-Ar-39 Geochronology of the ophiolites and granitoids from the Tauride Belt: Implications for the evolution of the Inner Tauride Suture, Journal Of Geodynamics, vol.65, pp. 22-37.
• Parrot, J.F. 1973. Petrologie de la Coupe du Djebel Moussa Massif Basique-Ultrabasique du Kızıldağ (Hatay- Turquie). Sci. De la Tere, t XVIII, 2, 143-172.
• Pearce, J.A., 1982. Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries. In: R.S. Thorpe (Editor), Andesites. New York. John Wiley & Sons., 525–48.
• Pearce, J.A. 2003. Supra-subduction zone ophiolites: The search for modern analogues. In Ophiolite concept and the evolution of geological thought. In: Dilek, Y., Newcomb, S. (eds). Geological Society of America Special Paper, 373: 269–293.
• Pearce, J.A. 2008. Geochemical fingerprinting of oceanic basalts with applications to ophiolite classification and the search for Archean oceanic crust. Lithos, 100, 14–48.
• Pearce, J.A., Cann, J.R. 1973. Tectonic setting of basaltic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analysis. Earth Planet Science Letters, 19: 290– 300.
• Pearce, J.A., Lippard, S.J., Roberts, S. 1984. Characteristics and tectonic significance of supra-subduction zone ophiolites. In Marginal Basin Geology, Kokelaar, B.P., Howells, M.F. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 16: 77–89.
• Pearce, J.A., van der Laan, S.R., Arculus, R. J., Murton, B. J., Ishii, T., Peate, D.W., Parkinson, I.J. 1992. Boninite and harzburgite from LEG125 (Bonin– Mariana Forearc): a case study of magma genesis during the initial stages of subduction. In: Fryer P, Pearce JA, Stokking LB (eds) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, 125, 623–657.
• Pearce, J.A., Barker, P.F., Edwards, S.J., Parkinson, I.J., Leat, P.T. 2000. Geochemistry and tectonic significance of peridotites from the South Sandwich Arc- basin Systems, South Atlantic. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 139, 36–53.
• Pişkin, Ö., Delaloye, M., Moritz, R., Wagner, J.J. 1990. Geochemistry and geothermometry of the Hatay complex Turkey: implication for genesis of the ophiolite sequence. In Proceeding of Troodos Ophiolite Symposium, Malpas, J., Moores, E., Panayiotou, A., Xenophontos, C. (eds). Cyprus Geological Survey Department: 329–337.
• Puga. E., Nieto, J.M., Diaz de Federico, A., Bodinier, J.L, Morten, L. 1999. Petrology and metamorphic evolution of ultramafic rocks and dolerite dykes of the Betic ophiolitic association (Mulhacen Complex, SE Spain): evidence of eo-Alpine subduction following an ocean-floor metasomatic process, Lithos, 1999, vol. 49, 23-56.
• Rızaoğlu, T., Parlak, O., Höck, V., İşler, F. 2006. Nature and significance of Late Cretaceous ophiolitic rocks and its relation to the Baskil granitoid in Elazığ region, SE Turkey. In Tectonic Development of the Eastern Mediterranean, Robertson, A.H.F., Mountrakis, D. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 260: 327–350.
• Rızaoğlu, T., Parlak, O., Höck, V., Koller, F., Hames, W.E. Billor, Z. 2009. Andean-type active margin formation in the eastern Taurides: Geochemical and geochronogical evidence from the Baskil granitoid (Elazığ, SE Turkey). Tectonophysics, 473, 188-207.
• Robertson, A.H.F. 1986a. Geochemistry and tectonic implications of metalliferous and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks associated with late ophiolitic extrusives in the Hatay area, southern Turkey. Ofioliti, 11, 121-40.
• Robertson, A.H.F. 2002. Overwiev of the genesis and emplacement of Mesozoic ophiolites in the Eastern Mediterranean Tethyan region. Lithos, 65: 1–67.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Dixon, J.E. 1984. Introduction: aspects of the geological evolution ofthe Eastern Mediterranean. In: Dixon, J.E., Robertson, A.H.F. (Eds.), The GeologicalEvolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society, London Special Publication, vol. 17, pp. 1–74.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Ustaömer, T. 2009. Formation of the Late Palaeozoic Konya Complex and comparable units in southernTurkey by subduction– accretion processes: Implications for the tectonicdevelopment of Tethys in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Tectonophysics, 473, 113- 148.
• Robertson, A.H., Ustaömer, T., Parlak, O., Ünlügenç, U.C., Taslı, K., İnan, N. 2006. The Berit transect of the Tauride thrust belt, S. Turkey: Late Cretaceous– Early Cenozoic accretionary/collisional processes related to closure of the southern Neotethys. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 27: 108–145.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Parlak, O., Rızaoğlu, T., Ünlügenç, U.C., İnan, N., Taslı, K., Ustaömer, T. 2007. Tectonic Evolution of the South Tethyan Ocean: Evidence from the Eastern Taurus Mountains (Elazığ region, SE Turkey). In: Ries, A.C., Butler, R.W.H. & Graham, R.H. (eds), Deformation of the Continental Crust. The Legacy of Mike Coward, Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 272, 231–270.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Parlak, O., Ustaömer, T. 2012. Overview of the Palaeozoic-Neogene evolution of Neotethys in the Eastern Mediterranean region (S Turkey, Cyprus, Syria). Petroleum Geoscience, Vol. 18, 381-404.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Parlak, O., Metin, Y., Vergili, Ö., Taslı, K., İnan, N., Soycan, H. 2013a. Late Palaeozoic- Cenozoic tectonic development of carbonate platform, margin and oceanic units in the Eastern Taurides, Turkey. In A.H.F. Robertson, O. Parlak and U.C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological Development of Anatolia and the Easternmost Mediterranean Region. Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 372: 167–218.
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., Ustaömer, T., Taslı, K., İnan, N., Dumitrica, P., Karaoğlan, F. 2013b. Subduction, ophiolite genesis and collision history of Tethys adjacent to the Eurasian continental margin: new evidence from the Eastern Pontides, Turkey. Geodinamica Acta, 26 (3-4), 230-293.
• Rojay, B., Heimann, A., Toprak, V. 2001. Neotectonic and volcanic characteristics of the Karasu fault zone (Anatolia, Turkey): the transition zone between the Dead Sea transform and the East Anatolian fault zone. Geodinamica Acta, 14, 197–212.
• Rollinson, H. 1993. Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, presentation, interpretation. Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow.
• Ross, C.S., Foster, M.D., Myers, A.T. 1954. Origin of dunites and olivine rich inclusions in basaltic Rocks. American Mineralogist, 39, 693-737.
• Saccani, E., Photiades, A. 2004. Mid-ocean ridge and supra-subduction affinities in the Pindos Massif ophiolites (Greece): implications for magma genesis in a proto-forearc setting. Lithos, 73, 229–53.
• Saka, S., Uysal, İ., Akmaz, R.M., Kaliwoda, M., Hochleitner, R. 2014. The effects of partial melting, melt- mantle interaction and fractionation on ophiolite generation: constraints from the Late Cretaceous Pozanti-Karsanti Ophiolite, Southern Turkey”. Lithos, 202, 300-316.
• Sarıfakıoğlu, E., Özen, H., Winchester, J.A. 2009. Whole rock and mineral chemistry of ultramafic-mafic cumulates from the Orhaneli (Bursa) ophiolite, NW Anatolia. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 18: 55–83.
• Sarıfakıoğlu, E., Dilek, Y., Uysal, I. 2012. The Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of Bahçe (Osmaniye) ophiolite. 5th Geochemistry Symposium, Abstracts, 112-113.
• Savostin, L.A., Sibuet, J.C., Zonenshain, L.P., Le Pichon, X., Rolet, J. 1986. Kinematic evolution of the Tethys belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs since the Triassic. Tectonophysics, 123: 1–35.
• Selçuk, H. 1981. Etude geologique de la partie meridonale du Hatay (Turquie), PhD. Thesis, Univ. De Geneve, 116p.
• Selçuk, H. 1985. Kızıldağ-Keldağ-Hatay dolayının jeolojisi ve jeodinamik evrimi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Jeoloji Etütler Dairesi Başkanlığı, Report No, 1787. Ankara (unpublished).
• Shervais, J.W. 2001. Birth, death and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 2: 45.
• Shervais, J.W., Kolesar, P., Andreasen, K. 2005. A field and chemical study of serpentinization—Stonyford, California: chemical flux and mass balance, International Geology Review, 2005, 47, 1-28.
• Sisson, T.W., Grove, T.L. 1993. Experimental investigations of the role of H2O in calc-alkaline differentiation and subduction zone magmatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 113: 143–166.
• Smith, R.E., Smith, S.E. 1976. Comments on the use of Ti, Zr, Y, Sr, K, P and Nb in classification of basaltic magmas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 32, 114–120.
• Sun, S.S., Mcdonough, W.F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of ocean basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes. In Magmatism in the Ocean Basins, Saunders, A.D., Norry, M.J. (eds). Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 42: 313–46.
• Şengör, A.M.C., Yılmaz, Y. 1981. Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics, 75, 181-241.
• Tanırlı, M., Rızaoğlu, T. 2016. Whole-rock and mineral chemistry of mafic cumulates from the low-Ti ophiolite in the southern part of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Russian Geology and Geophysics, 57(10): 1398–1418.
• Tekeli, O., Erendil, M. 1984. Kızıldağ ofiyolitinin (Hatay) jeolojisi ve petrolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü (Temel Araştırmalar Dairesi), Report No, 7778. Ankara (unpublished).
• Tekeli, O.. Erendil, M. 1986. Geology and petrology of the Kızıldağ ophiolite (Hatay). Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration, No: 107, 21-37.
• Terlemez, H.Ç.İ., Şentürk, K., Ateş, Ş., Sümengen, M., Oral, A. 1992. Gaziantep dolayının ve Pazarcık- Sakçagöz-Kilis-Elbeyli-Oğuzeli arasının jeolojisi Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Report No: 9526, Ankara (unpublished).
• Thompson, G. 1991. Metamorphic and hydrothermal processes: basalt seawater interactions. In: FLOYD, P.A. (ed), Oceanic Basalts. Blackie, 148–173.
• Tinkler, C., Wagner, J.J., Delaloye, M., Selçuk, H. 1981. Tectonic history of the Hatay ophiolites (south Turkey) and their interpretation with the Dead Sea rift. Tectonophysics, 72, 23–41.
• Topuz, G., Göçmengil, G., Rolland, Y., Çelik, F, Zack, T., Schmitt, A.K. 2013. Jurassic accretionary complex and ophiolite from northeast Turkey: No evidence for the Cimmerian continental ribbon. Geology, 41, 255-258.
• Ulu, Ü. 2002. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü 1/500.000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Serisi, Hatay Paftası. Ankara.
• Uysal, İ., Ersoy, E.Y., Karslı, O., Dilek Y., Sadıklar, M.B., Ottley, C.J., Tieplo, M., Meisel, T. 2012. Coexistence of abyssal and ultra-depleted SSZ type mantle peridotites in a Neo-Tethyan Ophiolite in SW Turkey: Constraints from mineral composition, whole-rock geochemistry (major–trace–REE–PGE), and Re–Os isotope systematics. Lithos 132–133, 50–69.
• van Hinsbergen, D.J., Maffione, M., Plunder, A., Kaymakci, N., Ganerød, M., Hendriks, B.W.H., Corfu, F., Gürer, D., de Gelder, G.I.N.O., Peters, K., McPhee, P.J., Brouwer, F.M., Advokaat, E.L., Vissers, R.L.M. 2016. Tectonic evolution and paleogeography of the Kırşehir Block and the Central Anatolian Ophiolites, Turkey. Tectonics, 35, 983-1014.
• Vergili, Ö., Parlak, O. 2005. Geochemistry and tectonic setting of metamorphic sole rocks and mafic dikes from the Pınarbaşı (Kayseri) ophiolite, Central Anatolia. Ofioliti, 30: 37-52.
• Wallin, E.T., Metcalfe, R.V. 1998. Supra-subduction zone ophiolite formed in an extensional forearc: Trinity Terrane, Klamath Mountains, California. Journal of Geology, 106: 591-608.
• Whitney, D.L., Evans, B.W. 2010. Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95: 185–187.
• Yalınız, K.M., Floyd, P., Göncüoğlu, M.C. 1996. Supra- subduction zone ophiolites of Central Anatolia: geochemical evidence from the Sarikaraman ophiolite, Aksaray, Turkey. Mineralogical Magazine, 60: 697-710.
• Yapıcı, N. 1990. Yarpuz-Kaypak (Adana) yöresi jeolojisi mineralojisi ve petrografisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, 81s.
• Yapıcı, N., İşler, F. 1991. Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) yöresinin jeolojisi ve petrografik incelenmesi Ahmet ACAR Jeoloji Sempozyumu, Adana, Bildiri özleri kitabı, 269-275.
• Yazgan, E., Chessex, R. 1991. Geology and tectonic evolution of the southeastern Taurides in the region of Malatya. Turkish Association of Petroleum Geologist, 3, 1–42.
• Yılmaz, Y. 1993. New evidence and model on the evolution of the Southeast Anatolian orogen. Bulletin of Geological Society of America, 105: 251-71.
• Yılmaz, Y., Demirkol, C., Yalçın, N., Yiğitbaş, E., Gürpınar, O., Yetiş, C., Günay, Y., Sarıtaş, B. 1984. Amanos Dağlarının Jeolojisi, II Ofiyolit. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Yayını 351.
• Yılmaz, Y., Yiğitbaş, E., Genç, Ş.C. 1993. Ophiolitic and metamorphic assemblages of southeast Anatolia and their significance in the geological evolution of the orogenic Belt. Tectonics, 12: 1280-1297.
• Yogodzinski, G.M., Rubenstone, J.L., Kay, S.M., Kay, R.W. 1993. Magmatic and tectonic development of the western Aleutians: An oceanic arc in a strike-slip setting. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98:11807–11834.