Evaluation of potential rock falls with three-dimensional analysis: Example of Oltanbey and Hasanbey districts (Gümüşhane city center)

Yıl 2022, , 87 - 104, 05.12.2022

Selçuk Alemdağ Rasim Taylan Kara Hasan Tahsin Bostancı

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.977928

Cited By: 2

Öz

The central district campus of Gümüşhane, located on the Trabzon-Erzurum Highway, has a steep topography, and because of the effect of climatic and morphological structure, frequent rockfall events can cause loss of life and property from time to time. For these reasons, the slopes in some parts of the Oltanbey and Hasanbey districts of the central district of Gümüşhane, which pose a great threat in terms of rockfall potential, were chosen as the study area. In this study, three-dimensional rockfall analyzes were carried out using the RocPro3D program on the lines determined in the rockfall source zones with a high probability of rockfall. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the rock blocks rolled from the O1, O2 and H1 source rock lines determined at the upper elevations of the study area threaten the settlements and road networks in Oltanbey and Hasanbey districts. With the 3D rockfall analysis, steel barrier was applied as a precautionary structure in the areas determined to be under the risk of rockfall, and the analyzes were carried out again considering the precautionary structures. By examining the results of the analyzes, the safest and most economical different barrier types have been proposed to eliminate the danger of rockfall.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Steel Barrier, Rockfall Inventory Map, Rocpro3D, Three Dimensional Rockfall Analysis.

Teşekkür

We would like to express our gratitude to the editors and referees for their suggestions and contributions during the review and evaluation phase of the article.

Kaynakça

• Akın, M., Dinçer İ., Orhan A., Ok, A. Ö., Akın M. K., Topal T. 2019. Kaya tutma hendek performansının 3-boyutlu kaya düşme analizleriyle değerlendirilmesi: Akköy (Ürgüp) örneği, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 43, 211-232.
• Alemdağ, S., Kaya, A., Gürocak, Z. ve Dağ, S. 2011. Farklı ayrışma derecesine sahip kaya kütlelerinin kazılabilirlik özellikleri: Gümüşhane Granitoyidi örneği, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 35 (2), 135-152.
• Alemdag, S., Akgun, A., Kaya A. ve Gokceoglu C. 2014. A large and rapid planar failure, causes, mechanism, and consequences (Mordut, Gumushane, Turkey), Arabian Journal of Geosciences 7 (3), 1205–1221.
• Aydınçakır, E. 2014. The Petrogenesis of Early Eocene Non-adakitic 108 Volcanism in NE Turkey, Constraints on the Geodynamic Implications, Lithos 208-209, 361-377.
• Apltekin A., Yakar, M. 2020. Kaya bloklarının 3B nokta bulutunun yersel lazer tarayıcı kullanarak elde edilmesi, Türkiye LİDAR Dergisi 2(1), 01-04.
• Gurocak, Z., Alemdag, S., Bostanci, H.T. ve Gokceoglu, C. 2017. Discontinuity Controlled Slope Failure Zoning for a Granitoid Complex: A Fuzzy Approach. Feng, Xia-Ting (Editor), Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Surface and Underground Projects 5, 1–25.
• Kandemir, R. 2004. Gümüşhane ve yakın yöresindeki erken-orta Jura yaşlı Şenköy Formasyonunun çökel özellikleri ve birikim koşulları. Doktora Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Trabzon, 272.
• Kaygusuz, A., Şen, C. 2011. Calc-alkaline I-type plutons in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: U-Pb zircon ages, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions, Chemie der Erde 71, 59-75.
• Keskin, I. 2013. Evaluation of rock falls in an urban area: the case of Boğazici (Erzincan/Turkey), Environ Earth Sciences 70, 1619–1628. Lato, M.J. and Vöge, M. 2012. Automated mapping of rock discontinuities in 3D lidar and photogrammetry models, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences 54, 150–158
• Riquelme, AJ., Abellán A., Tomás R. 2015. Discontinuity spacing analysis in rock masses using 3D point clouds, Engineering Geology 195:185–195.
• RocPro3D, 2014. RocPro3D software. User's Guide, RocPro3D version 5.
• Sarro, R., Mateos R.M., Moreno G., Herrera G., Reichenbach P., Laín L., Paredes C. 2014. The son poc rockfall (Mallorca, Spain) on the 6th of March 2013. 3D simulation, Landslides 11, 493–503.
• Şener, E. 2019. İnsansız hava araçları kullanılarak olası kaya düşmelerinin coğrafi bilgi sistemleri tabanlı 3D modellenmesi: Kasımlar Köyü (Isparta-Türkiye) örneği, Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 23(2), 419-426.
• Tokel, S. 1972. Stratigraphical and volcanic history of Gümüşhane region (Kuzeydoğu Türkiye). Yayınlanmamış. Ph. D. Thesis. University College London.
• Tonini, M., Abellán, A. 2014. Rockfall detection from terrestrial LiDAR point clouds, a clustering approach using R, Journal of Spatial Information Science 8, 95-110.
• Topal, T., Akin., M.K., Akin, M. 2012. Rockfall hazard analysis for an historical castle in Kastamonu (Turkey), Natural Hazards 62, 255-274.
• Tudes, S., Ceryan, S., Bulut, F. 2012. Geoenvironmental evaluation for planning: an example from Gumushane City, close to the North Anatolia Fault Zone, NE Turkey, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 71 (4), 679–690.
• Tüdeş, Ş. 2001. Gümüşhane Kenti ve Yakın Çevresinin Yerleşime Uygunluk Açısından Araştırılması, Doktora Tezi. KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon, 203.
• Wang, X.; Zou, L., Shen, X., Ren, Y., Qin, Y. 2017. A region-growing approach for automatic outcrop fracture extraction from a three-dimensional point cloud, Computers & Geosciences 99, 100–106.
• Yakar, M., Doğan, Y., Çelik, M.Ö., Alptekin, A. 2015. İHA fotogrametresi ile kaya düşme bölgelerinin 3 boyutlu, sayısal arazi modeli, ortofoto ve vektör haritalarını oluşturulması. 10. Türkiye Ulusal Fotogrametri ve Uzaktan Algılama Birliği Teknik Sempozyumu, Aksaray.
• URL-1, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkalığı www.afad.gov.tr. 30 Kasım 2020
• URL-2, www.gumushane.gen.tr/v2/gumushanede-kaya-dusmesi-p3-aid,4514.html#galeri. 14 Ekim 2015.
• URL-3, www.gumushane.gen.tr/v2/gumushane/gumushanede-dev-kayalar-apartmanin uzerine-dustu-h22660.html. 3 Ocak 2019.
• URL-4, www.gumushane.gen.tr/v2/gumushane/gumushanede-insaat-alaninda-gocuk-meydana-geldi-h25500.html. 29 Şubat 2020.
• URL-5, www.haber29.net/gumushane/dagdan-kopan-kayalar-eve-zarar-verdi-h18965.html. 11 Mart 2019.
• URL-6, www.gumushane.gen.tr/v2/gumushane/gumushane-kayalar-park-halindeki-aracin-uzerine-dustu-h14747.html