THE IMPORTANCE OF AMOUNT OF SETTLEMENT IN DETERMINING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 154 Sayı: 154, 169 - 180, 04.04.2017

Selçuk Alemdağ , Aslıhan Cinoğlu Elif Gacener

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.298630

Cited By: 3

Öz

In this study, the aim was to determine safe bearing
capacity of soils, which outcrop around Tamzı and Akçakale located in
Gümüşhane, providing allowable settlement conditions for optimum foundation
design. To define the geotechnical properties of soils, three trenches were dug
and two seismic refractions with Multichannel Spectral Analysis of
Surface Waves (MASW) were carried out in each research area. Sieve analyses,
shear box tests, and triaxial compression tests were carried out on disturbed
and undisturbed samples taken from the trenches. Seismic velocities of the
soils were determined by seismic refraction and MASW methods. While determining
the safe bearing capacity; the equations proposed by Terzaghi, Meyerhof,
Kurtulus, Tezcan and Ozdemir, Turker, and Keceli were used and the obtained
safe bearing capacity values were compared with each other. Then, the soils
were modeled numerically by using finite element methods and safe bearing
capacities providing allowable settlement conditions were determined. According
to the results, safe bearing capacity values obtained from empirical equations
are not satisfactory for optimum foundation design. For the optimum foundation
design, safe bearing capacity should be accepted as 190 kN/m² for
clayey soil (CL) and 485 kN/m² for the clayey sand (SC).

Anahtar Kelimeler

geophysical methods, numerical analysis, seismic velocity, bearing capacity, soil

Kaynakça

• Alemdağ, S., Gürocak Z. 2006. Atasu (Trabzon) Baraj Yerindeki Bazaltların Taşıma Gücü. Fırat Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 18, 3, 285-396.
• Alemdag, S., Gurocak, Z., Solanki, P., Zaman, M. 2008. Estimation of Bearing Capacity of Basalts at Atasu Dam Site, Turkey. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 67, 1, 79-85.
• Alemdag, S. 2015. Assessment of Bearing Capacity and Permeability of Foundation Rocks at the Gumustas Waste Dam Site, (NE Turkey) Using Empirical and Numerical Analysis. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 8, 1099-1110.
• ASTM D 422-63, 2003. Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils, In:Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.08, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 93-99.
• ASTM D 4767-95, 2003. Standard test method for consolidated-undrained triaxial compression test for cohesive soils. Annual Book of ASTM standards. Volume 04.08, West Conshohocken, PA, pp.924-934.
• ASTM, 2011. Standard test method for direct shear test of soils under consolidated drained conditions. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM D3080, Philedelphia, USA.
• Bowles, J.E. 1998. Foundation Analysis and Desing, 6th ed., Mc Graw-Hill, 56799 9346, Newyork, USA.
• Çinicioğlu, S. F. 2005. Zeminlerde statik ve dinamik yükler altında taşıma gücü anlayışı ve hesabı, Seminer, IMO İstanbul Şubesi.
• Dokuz, A. 2011. A slab detachment and delamination model for the generation of Carboniferous high-potassium I-type magmatism in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: the Köse composite pluton. Gondwana Research, 19, 926–944.
• Kandemir, R., Yılmaz, C. 2009. Lithostratigraphy, facies, and deposition environment of the lower Jurassic Ammonitico Rosso type sediments (ARTS) in the Gümüşhane area, NE Turkey: implications for the opening of the northern branch of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 34, 586–598.
• Karsli, O., Dokuz, A., Kandemir, R. 2017. Subduction-related Late Carboniferous to Early Permian Magmatism in the Eastern Pontides, the Camlik and Casurluk plutons: Insights from geochemistry, whole-rock Sr-Nd and in situ zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, and U-Pb Geochronology. Lithos, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.10.007.
• Kayabaşı, A., Gökçeoğlu, C. 2012. Taşıma Kapasitesi ve Oturma Miktarının Hesaplanmasında Yaygın Kullanılan Yöntemlerin Mersin Arıtma Tesisi Temeli Örneğinde Uygulanması, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 36 (1), 1-22.
• Kaygusuz, A., Arslan, M., Siebel, W., Sipahi, F., Ilbeyli, N. 2012. Geochronological evidence and tectonic significance of Carboniferous magmatism in the southwest Trabzon area, eastern Pontides, Turkey. International Geology Review, 54, 1776–1800.
• Keçeli, A. 1990. Sismik yöntemlerle müsade edilebilir dinamik zemin taşıma kapasitesi ve oturmasının saptanması, Jeofizik, 4, 83-92.
• Keçeli, A. 2000. Sismik Yöntemlerle Kabul Edilebilir veya Emniyetli Taşıma Kapasitesi Saptanması, Jeofizik, 14, 61-72.
• Keçeli, A. 2010. Sismik Yöntem ile Zemin Taşıma Kapasitesi ve Oturmasının Saptanması. Jeofizik Bülteni, 22(63), 65-76.
• Keçeli A. 2012. Soil parameters which can be determined with seismic velocities. Jeofizik, 16(1), 17-29.
• Kurtuluş, C. 2000. Sismik Yöntemle Belirlenen Ampirik Taşıma Gücü Bağıntısı ve Uygulaması. Uygulamalı Yerbilimleri Dergisi, 6, 51-59.
• Meyerhof, G.G. 1963. Some recent research on the bearing capacity of foundations. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1(1), 16-26.
• Önalp, A., Sert, S., 2006. Geoteknik Bilgisi-III, Bina Temelleri, Birsen Yayınevi, İstanbul, 375 s.
• Richards, R., Elms, D.G., Budhu, M. 1993. Seismic bearing capacity and settlements of foundations. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 116 (5), 662-674.
• Rocscience, 2006. Phase2 v6.0, 2D finite element program for calculating stressesand estimating support around the underground excavations. Geomechanics Software and Research, Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• Skempton, A.W. 1951. The bearing capacity of clays. Proceedings, Building Research Congress, London.
• Terzaghi, K. 1943. Theoretical Soil Mechanics. Wiley Publishing, New York, USA.
• Tezcan, S. S., Keçeli, A. ve Özdemir, Z. 2010. Zemin ve Kayaçlarda Emniyet Gerilmesinin Sismik Yöntem ile Belirlenmesi, Tübav Bilim Dergisi, 3 (1), 1-10.
• Tezcan, S., Özdemir, Z. 2011. A Refined Formula for the Allowable Soil Pressure Using Shear Wave Velocities. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 5, 1-8.
• Topuz, G., Altherr, R., Siebel, W., Schwarz, W.H., Zack, T., Hasözbek, A., Barth, M., Satır, M., Şen, C. 2010. Carboniferous high-potassium I-type granitoid magmatism in the Eastern Pontides: The Gümüşhane pluton (NE Turkey). Lithos, 116, 92–110.
• Türker, E. 2004. Computation of Ground Bearing Capacity from Shear Wave Velocity. Continuum Models and Discrete Systems Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherland, 173-180.
• Uyanık, O., Gördesli, F. 2013. Sismik Hızlardan Taşıma Gücünün İncelenmesi. SDU International Journal of Technologic Sciences, 5(2), 78-86.
• Uzuner, B. A., Bektaş, F., Moroğlu, .B., 2000. Kumda Merkezi ve Eksantrik Yüklü Şerit Temellerde Taban Gerilmelerinin Dağılışları, Zemin Mekaniği ve Temel Mühendisliği Sekizinci Ulusal Kongresi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 32-38.