FACIES CHARACTERISTICS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF RHODOLITHS AND MAERLS (RED ALGAE) IN SOUTHERN SHELF OF THE SEA OF MARMARA

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 120 Sayı: 120, 55 - 61, 01.01.1998

Nevbahar Atabey

Öz

 Irregular crusts, rhodolith and maerl facies of crustose coralline red algaes were determined in the recent
sediments of southern shelf of Marmara sea. Rhodoliths are found in western off shore of the Kapıdağ peninsula at a depth of
27-52.5 m. They have a diameter of 1-8 cm and are composed of Lithothamnion corallioides Crouan and Crouan (1867). They
exhibit different growth shapes depending on the environmental conditions and may be found as laminated, nodular, and ball
shapes in high-energy, shallow (0-30 m) aerated waters. Maerls are also composed of Lithothamnion corallioides. In between
Kapıdağ and Bozburun peninsulas and a depth of 27-52.5 m, they are observed as free, open branch, spheroidal, ellipsoidal,
and discoidal shapes. Phymatolithon calcareum Adey and McKibbin (1970) is another species of red algae. It forms irregular
crusts coiling around the rock fragments, pebbles, and corals. Rhodolith-bearing sandy and large pebbled, maerl-bearing sandy
and coarse pebbled, and skeletal sandy facies were described in these rhodolith and maerl-bearing deposits. In addition to these
facies, two other facies of bryzoa and serpulites were also determined. Crustose coralline red algaes and their depositional
environments in the southern shelf of Marmara sea indicate that Mediterranean conditions have prevailed in the sea of Marmara
during the interglacial periods along Quaternary and even in the recent time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rhodolith, Maerl, Quaternary, southern Marmara sea

Kaynakça

• Adey, W. H. and McKibbin, D.; 1970, Studies on the mearl species Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) nov. comb, and Lithothamnion corallioides Crouan in the Ria de Jigo.: Botanica Marina, 13,100-106.
• Adey, W. H. and Macintyre, I. G.; 1973, Crustose Coralline Algae; A-Re evolution in the Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull.: 84, 883-904.
• Alexdhderson, T., 1977, Carbonate cementation in recent corallin algal constructions fossil algae, Recent Results and Developments: Ed. by Erik Flügel, 262-269.
• Barnes, J.; Bellamy, D.J.; Jones, D.J.; Whitton, B.A.; Drew, E. and Lythogoe, J.; 1970, Sublittoral reef phenomena of Aldabra: Nature, 225, 268-269.
• Basso, D., 1995, Living calcareous algae by a Paleontological approach: The genus Lithothamnion Heydrich nom. cons. From the soft bottoms of the Tyrrehenian sea (Mediterranean): Riv. ita. di Paleontologia e stratigrafia 101, 349-366.
• Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A.; 1983, Glossary of Geology: Amer. Geol. Inst. Falls Church, Va, 749pp.
• Bornet, E. and Flauhalt, C.; 1889, Sur quelques plantes vivant dans le test calcaire de mollusques.: Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 36 CXIII et seq.
• Bosence, D., 1977, Ecological studies on two carbonate sediment-producing algae.: Fossil algae recent results and developments, 270-278.
• Bosellini, A. and Ginsburg, N.R.; 1971, Form and internal structure of recent algal nodules (Rhodolites) from Bermuda: J. of Geology, 79, 669-682.
• Crouan, P.L and Crouan, H.M.; 1867, Florolide Finistere, Brest.
• Duru, M., 1996, Ostracoda assemblage on the southern shelf of Marmara Sea, TÜBİTAK Ulusal Deniz Jeolojisi ve Jeofiziği programı: Marmara Denizi Workshopu.
• Ginsburg, R.N. and Bosellini, A.; 1973, Form and internal structure of recent algal nodules (Rhodolites) from Bermuda: a reply: J. of Geology, 81, 239-241 .
• İslamoğlu.Y. and Tchepaliga, LA.; 1997, Marmara Denizi Güney şelfinin Neoeuxinian- Holosen Mollusk topluluğu ve Paleoekolojik özelliği Marmara Denizi Araştırmaları: Workshop III, 88-92.
• Ladd, H. S., 1961, Reef building: Science, 134, 703-715.
• Leclaire, L, 1971, Aspects of Late Quaternary sedimentation on the Algerian precontinent and in the adjacent. Algiers-Balearic Basin. The Mediterranean Sea: 561-582.
• Milliman, J. D. and Emery, K.O.; 1971, Sea levels during the past 35, 000 years: Science, 162, 1121-1123.
• Muratov, M.V.; Neprochnov, Y.P.; Ross, D.A. and Trimonis, E.S.; 1978, Basic Features of the Black Sea Late Cenozoic history based on the results of deep see drilling, Leg 42 B. Initial Rep. of the deep sea drilling Project: XLII, 2,1141-1148.
• Prager, E.J. and Ginsburg, R.N.,1989, Carbonate nodule growth on Florida's outer shelf and its implications for fossil interpretations: Palaios, 4:310-317.
• Ross, D.A., 1978, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj. E.T. Degens and D.A.Ross. (Ed.): 1149-1178.
• Tchepaliga, A.L., 1995, Pliyo-Pleyistosen Karadeniz havzalarıve bunların Akdeniz ile ilişkileri, İzmit Körfezi'nin Kuvaterner istifi, Ed.: Engin Meriç.
• Vanney, R., 1965, Etude sedimentologique du mor Bras Bretagne: Marine Geology, 3,195-222