A BRAMATHERIUM SKULL (GIRAFFIDAE, MAMMALIA) FROM THE LATE MIOCENE OF KAVAKDERE (CENTRAL TURKEY). BIOGEOGRAPHIC AND PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS
Yıl 1999,
Cilt: 121 Sayı: 121, 51 - 56, 01.02.1999
Denis Geraads
Erksin Güleç
Öz
A sub-adult skull from the Late
Miocene of Kavakdere, desciribed and referred to the Indian genus Bramatherium.
increases the similarity between the Indian sub-continent and the Greco-Iranian
province. The contents and subdivisions of the subfamily Sivatheriinae are
reviewed, with 2 main groups being recognized, based upon the homologies and
position of horns. They are perhaps both of western European origin.
Kaynakça
- Bohlin, B., 1926, Die Familie Giraffidae: Palaeont.Sin., C, 4(l), 1-178.
- Bouvrain, G., 1982, Revision du genre Prostrepsiceros MAJOR, 1891 (Mammalia, Bovidae):Palaont. Ze- itschr., 56(1/2), 113-124.
- Colbert, E.H., 1935, Siwalik Mammals in the American Museum of Natural History: Trans.Amer.Phil.Soc., N.S. 26,1-401.
- Crusafont, M., 1952, Los Jirafidos fosiles de Espana: Mem.Com.Inst.Geol.Dip.Barcelona, 8, 1-239.
- Flynn, L.J., Barry, J.C., Morgan, M.E., Pilbeam, D., Ja- cobs. L.J. and Lindsay, E.H., 1995, Neogene Si- walik mammalian lineages: species longevities, rates of change and modes of speciation: Palaeo- geog., Palaeoclim., Palaeoecol., 115, 249-264.
- Geraads, D., 1979, Les Giraffinae (Artiodactyla, Mamma- lia) du Miocene superieur de la region de Thessa- lonique (Grece): Bull.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat., Paris, C, 4(1), 377-389.
- , 1985, Sivatherium maurusium (POMEL) (Giraf- fidae, Mammalia) du Pleistocene de la Republique de Djibouti: Palaont Zeitschr., 59(3-4), 311-321.
- , 1986, Remarques sur la sytematique et la phy- logenie des Giraffidae: Geobios, Lyon, 19(4), 465- 477.
- , 1989, Un nouveau Giraffide (Mammalia) du Miocene superieur de Macedoine: Bull.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat., Paris, C, 11(4), 189-199.
- , 1991, Derived features of Giraffid ossicones: J.Mamm., Baltimore. 72(1), 213-214.
- , 1994, Giraffes fossiles d'Ouganda: CIFEG oc- cas.Publ., 29, 375-381.
- Godina, A.IA., 1997, On new finds of Sivatherinae on the territory of the USSR: J.Palaeont. Soc.lndia.20, 21-25.
- Guerin, C., 1966, Diceros douariensis nov.sp., un Rhinoceros du Mio-Pliocene de la Tunisie du Nord: Doc.Lab.Geol.Fac.Sci.Lyon, 16. 1-50.
Harris, J.M., 1976, Pleistocene Giraffidae (Mammalia. Ar- tiodactyla) from East Rudolf, Kenya: In: Savage
R.J.G. and Coryndon S.C., Fossil Vertebrates of Africa, Acad. Press, London, 4, 283-332.
- Heintz, E., Brunet, M. and Sen, S. 1981, Un nouveau Gi- raffide du Miocene superieur d'lrak: Injanatherium hazimi n.g., n.sp: C.R.Acad.Sc., Paris, D, 292. 423-426.
- Köhler, M., 1987, Boviden des türkischen Miozans (Kanozoikum und Braunkohlen der Türkie. 28): Paleontologia i evolucio, 21, 133-246.
- Lewis. G.E., 1939, A new Bramatherium skull: Amer.J.Science, 237, 275-280.
- Montoya, P., and Morales, J., 1991, Birgerbohlinia schaubi Crusafont, 1952 (Giraffidae, Mammalia) del Turolinse inferior de Crevillente-2 (Alicante. Espana): Filogenia e historia biogeografica de la subfamilia Sivatheriinae: Bull.Mus.natl.Hist.Nat.. Paris, 4eme ser., C, 13(3-4), 177-200.
- Morales, J., 1985, Nuevos datos sobre Decennatherium pachecoi Crusafont, 1952 (Giraffidae, Mammalia): descripcion del craneo de Matillas: Col-Pa, 40, 51- 58.
- Ozansoy, F., 1965, Etude des gisements continentaux et des Mammiferes du Cenozoique de Turquie: Mem.Soc.Geol.Fr, N.S., 44(l), 1-92.
- Pilgrim, G.E., 1911, The fossil Giraffidae of India: Palaeont.lndica, N.S., 4(1), 1-29.
- Sickenberg, O., 1975, Die Gliederung des hoheren Jung- tertiars und Altquartars in der Türkei nach Verteb- raten und ihre Bedeutung fur die Internationale Neogen-Stratigraphie: Geol.Jb., B, 15, 1-167.
Yıl 1999,
Cilt: 121 Sayı: 121, 51 - 56, 01.02.1999
Denis Geraads
Erksin Güleç
Kaynakça
- Bohlin, B., 1926, Die Familie Giraffidae: Palaeont.Sin., C, 4(l), 1-178.
- Bouvrain, G., 1982, Revision du genre Prostrepsiceros MAJOR, 1891 (Mammalia, Bovidae):Palaont. Ze- itschr., 56(1/2), 113-124.
- Colbert, E.H., 1935, Siwalik Mammals in the American Museum of Natural History: Trans.Amer.Phil.Soc., N.S. 26,1-401.
- Crusafont, M., 1952, Los Jirafidos fosiles de Espana: Mem.Com.Inst.Geol.Dip.Barcelona, 8, 1-239.
- Flynn, L.J., Barry, J.C., Morgan, M.E., Pilbeam, D., Ja- cobs. L.J. and Lindsay, E.H., 1995, Neogene Si- walik mammalian lineages: species longevities, rates of change and modes of speciation: Palaeo- geog., Palaeoclim., Palaeoecol., 115, 249-264.
- Geraads, D., 1979, Les Giraffinae (Artiodactyla, Mamma- lia) du Miocene superieur de la region de Thessa- lonique (Grece): Bull.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat., Paris, C, 4(1), 377-389.
- , 1985, Sivatherium maurusium (POMEL) (Giraf- fidae, Mammalia) du Pleistocene de la Republique de Djibouti: Palaont Zeitschr., 59(3-4), 311-321.
- , 1986, Remarques sur la sytematique et la phy- logenie des Giraffidae: Geobios, Lyon, 19(4), 465- 477.
- , 1989, Un nouveau Giraffide (Mammalia) du Miocene superieur de Macedoine: Bull.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat., Paris, C, 11(4), 189-199.
- , 1991, Derived features of Giraffid ossicones: J.Mamm., Baltimore. 72(1), 213-214.
- , 1994, Giraffes fossiles d'Ouganda: CIFEG oc- cas.Publ., 29, 375-381.
- Godina, A.IA., 1997, On new finds of Sivatherinae on the territory of the USSR: J.Palaeont. Soc.lndia.20, 21-25.
- Guerin, C., 1966, Diceros douariensis nov.sp., un Rhinoceros du Mio-Pliocene de la Tunisie du Nord: Doc.Lab.Geol.Fac.Sci.Lyon, 16. 1-50.
Harris, J.M., 1976, Pleistocene Giraffidae (Mammalia. Ar- tiodactyla) from East Rudolf, Kenya: In: Savage
R.J.G. and Coryndon S.C., Fossil Vertebrates of Africa, Acad. Press, London, 4, 283-332.
- Heintz, E., Brunet, M. and Sen, S. 1981, Un nouveau Gi- raffide du Miocene superieur d'lrak: Injanatherium hazimi n.g., n.sp: C.R.Acad.Sc., Paris, D, 292. 423-426.
- Köhler, M., 1987, Boviden des türkischen Miozans (Kanozoikum und Braunkohlen der Türkie. 28): Paleontologia i evolucio, 21, 133-246.
- Lewis. G.E., 1939, A new Bramatherium skull: Amer.J.Science, 237, 275-280.
- Montoya, P., and Morales, J., 1991, Birgerbohlinia schaubi Crusafont, 1952 (Giraffidae, Mammalia) del Turolinse inferior de Crevillente-2 (Alicante. Espana): Filogenia e historia biogeografica de la subfamilia Sivatheriinae: Bull.Mus.natl.Hist.Nat.. Paris, 4eme ser., C, 13(3-4), 177-200.
- Morales, J., 1985, Nuevos datos sobre Decennatherium pachecoi Crusafont, 1952 (Giraffidae, Mammalia): descripcion del craneo de Matillas: Col-Pa, 40, 51- 58.
- Ozansoy, F., 1965, Etude des gisements continentaux et des Mammiferes du Cenozoique de Turquie: Mem.Soc.Geol.Fr, N.S., 44(l), 1-92.
- Pilgrim, G.E., 1911, The fossil Giraffidae of India: Palaeont.lndica, N.S., 4(1), 1-29.
- Sickenberg, O., 1975, Die Gliederung des hoheren Jung- tertiars und Altquartars in der Türkei nach Verteb- raten und ihre Bedeutung fur die Internationale Neogen-Stratigraphie: Geol.Jb., B, 15, 1-167.