Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 160 Sayı: 160, 21 - 43, 27.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Yılmaz, Y., Perinçek, D., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, İ., Meriç, E., Sarı, E., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö. Günhan, D., Özbal, H. 2007. The geoarchaeological significance of the ancient port Theodosius at Yenikapı: Late-Holocene environmental changes and the cultural history of Istanbul over the last ten thousand years. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.242-245. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978-975-6959-39-8.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, İ., Sarı, E., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö., Yılmaz, Y., Karamut, İ. 2009. A short note on the geo-archaeological significance of the ancient Theodosius Harbor (İstanbul-Turkey). Quaternary Research, 72, pp.457–461.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Yılmaz, İ., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Sarı, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö., Perinçek, D., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, Y., Karamut, İ. 2010. Geoarchaeology of the Theodosian Harbor at Yenikapı. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.175–181, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853- 6-9.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, Y., Sarı, E., Kırıcı-Elmas, E., Yılmaz, İ., Bulkan, Ö., Ongan, D., Gazioğlu, C., Nazik, A., Polat, M.İ., Meriç, E. 2011. Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history. Quaternary Research, 76, pp.30- 45.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M. 2014. Yenikapı Kazıları Jeoarkeoloji Çalışmaları-Son Buzul Döneminden Günümüze Çevre Koşullarındaki Değişimler ve Kültür Tarihine Yansımaları. Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü-Marmaray, pp.130-139. ISBN 978-605-64547-1-4.
  • Asal, R. 2010. Theodosian harbor and sea trade in Byzantine Istanbul. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.153- 160, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Blott, S.J. Pye, K. 2001. GRADISTAT: a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 26, pp.1237-1248.
  • Bony, G., Marriner, N., Morhange, C., Kaniewski, D., Perinçek, D. 2011. A high-energy deposit in the Byzantine harbour of Yenikapı. Quaternary International, 266, pp.117-130, doi: 10.1016/j. quaint.2011.03.031.
  • Coe, A.L., Church, K.D. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy and sea-level change (part 2). In: Coe, A.L. (Ed.), The Sedimentary Record of Sea-Level Change. Cambridge University Press, The Open University, pp.57–98.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Görür, N., Algan, O., Eastoe, C., Tchapalyga, A., Ongan, D., Kuhn, T., Kuşcu, İ. 2000. Last glacial–Holocene palaeoceanography of the Sea of Marmara: timing of the last connections with the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Marine Geology, 167, pp.191–206.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Görür, N., Polonia, A., Demirbağ, E., Sakınç, M., Cormier, M.-H., Capotondi, L., McHugh, C., Emre, Ö., Eriş, K. 2003. Sea level changes and depositional environments in the İzmit Gulf, eastern Marmara Sea, during the late glacial–Holocene period. Marine Geology 202, pp.159–173.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Eriş, K., Ryan, W.B.F., Sancar, Ü., Polonia, A., Akçer, S., Biltekin, D., Gasperini, L., Görür, N., Lericolais, G., Bard, E. 2009. Late Pleistocene-Holocene Evolution of the Northern Shelf of the Sea of Marmara. Marine Geology, 265, pp.87-100.
  • Çelik, G.B. 2007. Daily Life in Yenikapı. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.216-229. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978- 975-6959-39-8.
  • Folk, R. L., Ward, W. C. 1957. Brazos River Bar: a Study of Significance of Grain Size Parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27, pp.3-26.
  • Gedik, İ., Aksay, A. 2002. 1:100 000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Adapazarı-G25 Paftası: Pafta No.32, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, Ankara.
  • Gedik, İ., Pehlivan, Ş., Timur, E., Duru, M. 2005. 1:50 000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları, No.12, İstanbul F23d Paftası, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, Ankara.
  • Göktürk, O., Fleitmann, D., Badertscher, S., Cheng, H., Edwards, R., Leuenberger, M., Fankhauser, A., Tüysüz, O., Kramers, J. 2011. Climate on The Southern Black Sea Coast During The Holocene, Implications from The Sofular Cave Record. Quaternary Science Reviews, pp.1-13.
  • Hooton, D.H., Giorgetta, N.E. 1977. Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction Analysis by a Direct Calculation Method. X-Ray Spectrom. V.6, pp.2-5.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2007. Marmaray Project and the 8000 Years of Istanbul “brought to daylight”. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.18-27. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978-975- 6959-39-8.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2010. Excavations at Yenikapı, Sirkeci and Üsküdar within Marmaray and Metro Project.. In Kocabaş,U (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, İstanbul, pp.1-17, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2014. Marmaray-Metro Projesi Kurtarma Kazıları: Yenikapı-Sirkeci ve Üsküdar İstasyonları Arkeoloji Çalışmaları ve İstanbul’un 8 Bin Yılı. In Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü-Marmaray, ISBN 978-605- 64547-1-4, pp.54-76.
  • Kocabaş, U. 2010. Istanbul University Yenikapı shipwrecks project: ships. In Kocabaş,U (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage 27 Excavations, 5th-6th May 2008, İstanbul, pp.23-35, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Kocabaş, U. 2015. The Yenikapı Byzantine-Era Shipwrecks, Istanbul, Turkey: a preliminary report and inventory of the 27 wrecks studied by Istanbul University. The Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology, 44, 1, p.p5-38. doi: 10.1111/1095-9270.12084.
  • Kuniholm, P.I., Pearson, C.L., Wazny, T.J. 2014. Yenikapı ve diğer Marmaray Proje Alanlarında Dendrokronoloji Araştırmaları. Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü- Marmaray, pp.154-159. ISBN 978-605-64547-1- 4.
  • Kuniholm, P.I., Pearson, C.L., Wazny, T.J., Griggs, C.B. 2015. Of Harbors and Trees: The Marmaray Contribution to a 2367-Year Oak-Tree-Ring Chronology from 97 Sites for the Aegean, East Mediterranean, and Black Seas . Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Supplement Series V. 47, pp.47- 90, ISBN: 978-90-429-3062-9.
  • Lambeck, K., Antonioli, F., Purcell, A., Silenzi, S. 2004. Sea-Level Change Along The Italian Coast for The Past 10.000 yr. Quaternary Science Reviews 23, pp.1567-1598.
  • Marriner, N., Morhange, C. 2006. The ‘Ancient Harbor Parasequence’: anthropogenic forcing of the stratigraphic highstand record. Sedimentary Geology 186, pp.13–17.
  • Nichols, G. 1999. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Science Ltd, 355p.
  • Pearson, C., L., Griggs, C., B., Kunıholm, P.I., Brewer, P., W., Wazny, T., Canady, L. 2012. Dendroarchaeology of the Mid-First Millennium AD in Constantinople. Journal of Archaeological Science, 39, pp.3402-3414.
  • Perinçek, D. 2008. Yenikapı Antik Liman Kazılarıda Jeoarkeloji Çalışmaları ve Doğal Afetlerin Jeolojik Kesitteki İzleri. 1. Ulusal Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, pp.31-49, Sakarya.
  • Perinçek, D. 2010a. Geoarchaeology of the excavation site for the last 8000 years and traces of natural catastrophes in the geological profile. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th–6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.191–219, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978- 605-60853-6-9.
  • Perinçek, D. 2010b. The geoarcheology of the Yenikapı excavation site in the last 8000 years and geological traces of natural disasters (Istanbul - Turkey). Bull.Min.Res.Exp., 141, pp.69-92.
  • Perinçek, D., Meriç, E., Pulak, C., Körpe, R., Yalçıner, A.C., Gökçay, M., Avşar, N., Nazik, A., Kozanlı, C., Kapan-Yeşilyurt, S., Gökgöz, Z. 2007. Yenikapı Antik Liman Kazılarında Jeoarkeoloji Çalışmaları ve Yeni Bulgular. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 60, pp.16–22. April 2007, Ankara.
  • Pulak, C., Ingram, R., Jones, M., Matthews, S. 2015. Eight Byzantine Shipwrecks from the Theodosian Harbour Excavations at Yenikapı in Istanbul, Turkey: an introduction. Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology, 44, 1, pp.39–73. doi: 10.1111/1095- 9270.12083.
  • Sayar, C. 1977. İstanbul Yeni İskan Yöreleri Geoteknik ve Sismik Etüdü. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, Deprem Mühendisliği Araştırma Enstitüsü Raporu, Cilt 1., 119p.
  • Spencer, D.W. 1963. The interpretation of grain size distribution curves of clastic sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 33, 1, pp.180-190.
  • Yanko, V.V. 1990. Stratigraphy and paleogeography of marine Pleistocene and Holocene deposits of the Northern seas of the USSR, Memorie della Societa Geologica Italiana 44:167-187.
  • Yalçın, M., N., Sezerer, M., Pearson, C., L., Algan, O., Kuniholm, P. 2013. Establishment of a High- Resolution Stratigraphy with the Help of Dendrochronology: An Example From The Marine Holocene Sequence in The Ancient Thedosian Harbor (Istanbul, Turkey), Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs, Vol.45, No.7 (Abstract).
  • Yalçın, M.N., Bulkan, Ö., Algan, O., Konak, A. 2015. A Holocene aged swamp area in Yenikapı-Istanbul and it’s relation with the neighboring Neolithic settlement. Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Supplement Series V. 47, pp.31-46, ISBN: 978- 90-429-3062-9.
  • Yalçın, M.N., Sezerer Bulut, M., Pearson, C., Kuniholm, P., Algan, O., Wazny, T. 2019. Establishing a high- resolution stratigraphy in the Holocene marine sequence of the ancient Theodosian harbor of Istanbul with the help of dendrochronology, Geoarchaeology, 34:360–374.

Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 160 Sayı: 160, 21 - 43, 27.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415

Öz

During the
salvage excavations in the area of the former Theodosian harbor in
Yenikapı-İstanbul several ship wrecks from the Byzantine period, archaeological
objects from different periods    and a
Holocene aged sedimentary sequence have been uncovered. In this study the
lithological, lithostratigraphical and facies properties of the Holocene
sequence are investigated in detail and 
its depositional environment is determined. For this purpose along four
profiles (S1, S2, S3, S4) 14 different sections of a total thickness of 17.75 m
are studied and 100 samples are collected. The grain size distribution and
mineralogical composition of the samples are defined by sieve and sedigraph
analysis and by XRD method, respectively. Results of these analyses and facies
characteristics of this poorly known Holocene sequence are used for the definition
of the depositional environment. Accordingly, the marine sediments are
deposited in a near-shore environment, with a natural embayment or estuary transgressively.
Terrigenous and anthropogenic material carried by the Lycos River, at the mouth
of this natural embayment, resulted in first a regression and then a
high-energy fluvial system in the study area.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank to the Division of Scientific Research Projects of the Istanbul University (Project No:10025110), the NSF (National Science Foundation (Grant Nr. BNS 1236981) and Malcolm H. Wiener Foundation, which supported the MSc Thesis of M. Sezerer; to Prof. Peter Kuniholm and Dr. Charlotte Pearson (Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University) of Arizona, who contributed to the study with their suggestions; to Prof. Sinan Öngen, (Department of Geological Engineering of the Istanbul University) for his helps during mineralogical studies, and to Prof. Erol Sarı, (Institute of Marine Sciences and Management of the Istanbul University), for his helps during the laboratory studies. We also appreciate to Zeynep Kızıltan, the Director of Istanbul Archeological Museums who permitted this study in the excavation site, to all workers of the Yenikapı excavation site who helped during the study, to archeologists Mehmet Ali Polat and Sırrı Çömlekçi from the Directorate of Istanbul Archeological Museums and to Züleyha, Songül and Kadir for their helps who supported sampling stage of this study. We also offer our special thanks to Prof. Muhittin Görmüş, Assoc. Prof. M. Akif Sarıkaya and to another referee for their contributions, which helped improve the article.

Kaynakça

  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Yılmaz, Y., Perinçek, D., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, İ., Meriç, E., Sarı, E., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö. Günhan, D., Özbal, H. 2007. The geoarchaeological significance of the ancient port Theodosius at Yenikapı: Late-Holocene environmental changes and the cultural history of Istanbul over the last ten thousand years. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.242-245. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978-975-6959-39-8.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, İ., Sarı, E., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö., Yılmaz, Y., Karamut, İ. 2009. A short note on the geo-archaeological significance of the ancient Theodosius Harbor (İstanbul-Turkey). Quaternary Research, 72, pp.457–461.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Yılmaz, İ., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Sarı, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö., Perinçek, D., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, Y., Karamut, İ. 2010. Geoarchaeology of the Theodosian Harbor at Yenikapı. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.175–181, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853- 6-9.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, Y., Sarı, E., Kırıcı-Elmas, E., Yılmaz, İ., Bulkan, Ö., Ongan, D., Gazioğlu, C., Nazik, A., Polat, M.İ., Meriç, E. 2011. Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history. Quaternary Research, 76, pp.30- 45.
  • Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Özdoğan, M. 2014. Yenikapı Kazıları Jeoarkeoloji Çalışmaları-Son Buzul Döneminden Günümüze Çevre Koşullarındaki Değişimler ve Kültür Tarihine Yansımaları. Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü-Marmaray, pp.130-139. ISBN 978-605-64547-1-4.
  • Asal, R. 2010. Theodosian harbor and sea trade in Byzantine Istanbul. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.153- 160, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Blott, S.J. Pye, K. 2001. GRADISTAT: a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 26, pp.1237-1248.
  • Bony, G., Marriner, N., Morhange, C., Kaniewski, D., Perinçek, D. 2011. A high-energy deposit in the Byzantine harbour of Yenikapı. Quaternary International, 266, pp.117-130, doi: 10.1016/j. quaint.2011.03.031.
  • Coe, A.L., Church, K.D. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy and sea-level change (part 2). In: Coe, A.L. (Ed.), The Sedimentary Record of Sea-Level Change. Cambridge University Press, The Open University, pp.57–98.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Görür, N., Algan, O., Eastoe, C., Tchapalyga, A., Ongan, D., Kuhn, T., Kuşcu, İ. 2000. Last glacial–Holocene palaeoceanography of the Sea of Marmara: timing of the last connections with the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Marine Geology, 167, pp.191–206.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Görür, N., Polonia, A., Demirbağ, E., Sakınç, M., Cormier, M.-H., Capotondi, L., McHugh, C., Emre, Ö., Eriş, K. 2003. Sea level changes and depositional environments in the İzmit Gulf, eastern Marmara Sea, during the late glacial–Holocene period. Marine Geology 202, pp.159–173.
  • Çağatay, M.N., Eriş, K., Ryan, W.B.F., Sancar, Ü., Polonia, A., Akçer, S., Biltekin, D., Gasperini, L., Görür, N., Lericolais, G., Bard, E. 2009. Late Pleistocene-Holocene Evolution of the Northern Shelf of the Sea of Marmara. Marine Geology, 265, pp.87-100.
  • Çelik, G.B. 2007. Daily Life in Yenikapı. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.216-229. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978- 975-6959-39-8.
  • Folk, R. L., Ward, W. C. 1957. Brazos River Bar: a Study of Significance of Grain Size Parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27, pp.3-26.
  • Gedik, İ., Aksay, A. 2002. 1:100 000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Adapazarı-G25 Paftası: Pafta No.32, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, Ankara.
  • Gedik, İ., Pehlivan, Ş., Timur, E., Duru, M. 2005. 1:50 000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları, No.12, İstanbul F23d Paftası, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, Ankara.
  • Göktürk, O., Fleitmann, D., Badertscher, S., Cheng, H., Edwards, R., Leuenberger, M., Fankhauser, A., Tüysüz, O., Kramers, J. 2011. Climate on The Southern Black Sea Coast During The Holocene, Implications from The Sofular Cave Record. Quaternary Science Reviews, pp.1-13.
  • Hooton, D.H., Giorgetta, N.E. 1977. Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction Analysis by a Direct Calculation Method. X-Ray Spectrom. V.6, pp.2-5.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2007. Marmaray Project and the 8000 Years of Istanbul “brought to daylight”. In: Kızıltan, Z. (Ed.), Istanbul: 8000 years brought to daylight; Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet excavations, pp.18-27. Vehbi Koç Foundation, ISBN 978-975- 6959-39-8.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2010. Excavations at Yenikapı, Sirkeci and Üsküdar within Marmaray and Metro Project.. In Kocabaş,U (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th– 6th May 2008, İstanbul, pp.1-17, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Kızıltan, Z. 2014. Marmaray-Metro Projesi Kurtarma Kazıları: Yenikapı-Sirkeci ve Üsküdar İstasyonları Arkeoloji Çalışmaları ve İstanbul’un 8 Bin Yılı. In Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü-Marmaray, ISBN 978-605- 64547-1-4, pp.54-76.
  • Kocabaş, U. 2010. Istanbul University Yenikapı shipwrecks project: ships. In Kocabaş,U (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage 27 Excavations, 5th-6th May 2008, İstanbul, pp.23-35, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978-605-60853-6-9.
  • Kocabaş, U. 2015. The Yenikapı Byzantine-Era Shipwrecks, Istanbul, Turkey: a preliminary report and inventory of the 27 wrecks studied by Istanbul University. The Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology, 44, 1, p.p5-38. doi: 10.1111/1095-9270.12084.
  • Kuniholm, P.I., Pearson, C.L., Wazny, T.J. 2014. Yenikapı ve diğer Marmaray Proje Alanlarında Dendrokronoloji Araştırmaları. Ş. Baltaş, Ş. Altun (Eds.), Hayalden Gerçeğe Bir İstanbul Öyküsü- Marmaray, pp.154-159. ISBN 978-605-64547-1- 4.
  • Kuniholm, P.I., Pearson, C.L., Wazny, T.J., Griggs, C.B. 2015. Of Harbors and Trees: The Marmaray Contribution to a 2367-Year Oak-Tree-Ring Chronology from 97 Sites for the Aegean, East Mediterranean, and Black Seas . Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Supplement Series V. 47, pp.47- 90, ISBN: 978-90-429-3062-9.
  • Lambeck, K., Antonioli, F., Purcell, A., Silenzi, S. 2004. Sea-Level Change Along The Italian Coast for The Past 10.000 yr. Quaternary Science Reviews 23, pp.1567-1598.
  • Marriner, N., Morhange, C. 2006. The ‘Ancient Harbor Parasequence’: anthropogenic forcing of the stratigraphic highstand record. Sedimentary Geology 186, pp.13–17.
  • Nichols, G. 1999. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Science Ltd, 355p.
  • Pearson, C., L., Griggs, C., B., Kunıholm, P.I., Brewer, P., W., Wazny, T., Canady, L. 2012. Dendroarchaeology of the Mid-First Millennium AD in Constantinople. Journal of Archaeological Science, 39, pp.3402-3414.
  • Perinçek, D. 2008. Yenikapı Antik Liman Kazılarıda Jeoarkeloji Çalışmaları ve Doğal Afetlerin Jeolojik Kesitteki İzleri. 1. Ulusal Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, pp.31-49, Sakarya.
  • Perinçek, D. 2010a. Geoarchaeology of the excavation site for the last 8000 years and traces of natural catastrophes in the geological profile. In: Kocabaş, U. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, 5th–6th May 2008, Istanbul, pp.191–219, Directorate of Istanbul Archaeological Museums, ISBN 978- 605-60853-6-9.
  • Perinçek, D. 2010b. The geoarcheology of the Yenikapı excavation site in the last 8000 years and geological traces of natural disasters (Istanbul - Turkey). Bull.Min.Res.Exp., 141, pp.69-92.
  • Perinçek, D., Meriç, E., Pulak, C., Körpe, R., Yalçıner, A.C., Gökçay, M., Avşar, N., Nazik, A., Kozanlı, C., Kapan-Yeşilyurt, S., Gökgöz, Z. 2007. Yenikapı Antik Liman Kazılarında Jeoarkeoloji Çalışmaları ve Yeni Bulgular. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 60, pp.16–22. April 2007, Ankara.
  • Pulak, C., Ingram, R., Jones, M., Matthews, S. 2015. Eight Byzantine Shipwrecks from the Theodosian Harbour Excavations at Yenikapı in Istanbul, Turkey: an introduction. Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology, 44, 1, pp.39–73. doi: 10.1111/1095- 9270.12083.
  • Sayar, C. 1977. İstanbul Yeni İskan Yöreleri Geoteknik ve Sismik Etüdü. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, Deprem Mühendisliği Araştırma Enstitüsü Raporu, Cilt 1., 119p.
  • Spencer, D.W. 1963. The interpretation of grain size distribution curves of clastic sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 33, 1, pp.180-190.
  • Yanko, V.V. 1990. Stratigraphy and paleogeography of marine Pleistocene and Holocene deposits of the Northern seas of the USSR, Memorie della Societa Geologica Italiana 44:167-187.
  • Yalçın, M., N., Sezerer, M., Pearson, C., L., Algan, O., Kuniholm, P. 2013. Establishment of a High- Resolution Stratigraphy with the Help of Dendrochronology: An Example From The Marine Holocene Sequence in The Ancient Thedosian Harbor (Istanbul, Turkey), Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs, Vol.45, No.7 (Abstract).
  • Yalçın, M.N., Bulkan, Ö., Algan, O., Konak, A. 2015. A Holocene aged swamp area in Yenikapı-Istanbul and it’s relation with the neighboring Neolithic settlement. Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Supplement Series V. 47, pp.31-46, ISBN: 978- 90-429-3062-9.
  • Yalçın, M.N., Sezerer Bulut, M., Pearson, C., Kuniholm, P., Algan, O., Wazny, T. 2019. Establishing a high- resolution stratigraphy in the Holocene marine sequence of the ancient Theodosian harbor of Istanbul with the help of dendrochronology, Geoarchaeology, 34:360–374.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Meltem Sezerer Bulut Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2743-6344

M. Namık Yalçın 0000-0002-4542-1218

Oya Algan Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8522-6030

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 160 Sayı: 160

Kaynak Göster

APA Sezerer Bulut, M., Yalçın, M. N., & Algan, O. (2019). Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 160(160), 21-43. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415
AMA Sezerer Bulut M, Yalçın MN, Algan O. Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. Aralık 2019;160(160):21-43. doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415
Chicago Sezerer Bulut, Meltem, M. Namık Yalçın, ve Oya Algan. “Sedimentological Properties and Depositional Environments of the Holocene Sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 160, sy. 160 (Aralık 2019): 21-43. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415.
EndNote Sezerer Bulut M, Yalçın MN, Algan O (01 Aralık 2019) Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 160 160 21–43.
IEEE M. Sezerer Bulut, M. N. Yalçın, ve O. Algan, “Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., c. 160, sy. 160, ss. 21–43, 2019, doi: 10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415.
ISNAD Sezerer Bulut, Meltem vd. “Sedimentological Properties and Depositional Environments of the Holocene Sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 160/160 (Aralık 2019), 21-43. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415.
JAMA Sezerer Bulut M, Yalçın MN, Algan O. Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2019;160:21–43.
MLA Sezerer Bulut, Meltem vd. “Sedimentological Properties and Depositional Environments of the Holocene Sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, c. 160, sy. 160, 2019, ss. 21-43, doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.502415.
Vancouver Sezerer Bulut M, Yalçın MN, Algan O. Sedimentological properties and depositional environments of the Holocene sequence in Yenikapı, İstanbul. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2019;160(160):21-43.

Copyright and Licence
The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration keeps the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No: 5846. The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration publishes the articles under the terms of “Creatice Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0)” licence which allows to others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.

For further details;
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en