Systematics, biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental investigation of early Ypresian Alveolina assemblages in the northern part of Isparta Angle (Keçiborlu, Isparta, SW Turkey)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 164 Sayı: 164, 183 - 229, 15.04.2021

Alper Bozkurt Muhittin Görmüş

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.740944

Cited By: 2

Öz

Thanetian-early Ypresian (middle Ilerdian) limestones from the northern part of Isparta Angle (Keçiborlu, Isparta, SW Turkey) contain rich benthic foraminiferal assemblage. Ilerdian beds of the Büyükkırtepe formation are characterized by high diversity of the following Alveolina species: Alveolina (Glomalveolina) karsica, A. (G.) aff. karsica, A.(G.) lepidula, A.(G.) cf. subtilis, A. (Alveolina) aragonensis, A. (A.) cemali, A. (A.) corbarica, A. (A.) cf. coudurensis, A.(A.) decipiens, A.(A.) dedolia, A.(A.) ellipsoidalis, A.(A.) erki, A.(A.) guidonis, A.(A.) cf. ilerdensis, A.(A.) montanarii, A.(A.) moussoulensis, A.(A.) pasticillata, A.(A.) pisella, A.(A.) rotundata kazancii, A.(A.) trempina, A.(A.) varians, and A.(A.) vredenburgi. In this study, 30 different Alveolina species including two new species and a new subspecies namely as A. (A.) acari n. sp., A. (A.) ozbahcensis n. sp., and A.(A.) avsari fusunae n. ssp. were identified for the first time. Besides, some probable new subspecies that were unnamed yet due to the insufficient number of individuals were also defined and proposed. Despite having close stratigraphic distributions with coeval assemblages described in different regions of Tethyan Province, Alveolina assemblages of the study area exhibit some stratigraphical range differences and present SBZ 3-SBZ 8 biozone intervals. The obtained data show that the study area was a lagoon to low en rgy shallow marine paleoenvironment with normal salinity in Thanetian – middle Ilerdian interval.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alveolina, biostratigraphy, paleoenvironment, Eocene, Isparta.

Destekleyen Kurum

Geological Researches Department of General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration

Proje Numarası

2016-30-14-05

Teşekkür

This article was prepared from a part of the first author's PhD thesis. In the sample collecting, facilities of the project no 2016-30-14-05 of Geological Researches Department of General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) were benefited. We would like to thank Dr. Şükrü Acar (MTA) for his supports to the laboratory studies and foraminiferal descriptions. Prof. Dr. Wojciech Nemec (University of Bergen) made valuable contributions with his opinions on regional paleogeographic evaluations. We are thankful to Prof. Dr. Atike Nazik (Çukurova University), Prof. Dr. Marcelle BouDagher- Fadel (University College London) and the other two anonymous referees for their constructive criticism which improved the article.

Kaynakça

• Acar, Ş. 1995. Türkiye’nin değişik bölgelerinin Paleojen’inden bazı alveolin cinslerinin (Alveolina (Alveolina), Alveolina (Glomalveolina), Borelis ve Praebullalveolina) sistematik tanımları ve stratigrafik dağılımları. Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, 166s., 38 Lev., Konya.
• Acar, Ş. 2019a. Burdur güneybatısı (Yarışlı Gölü güneyi, Batı Türkiye) Selandiyen yaşlı bentik foraminifer toplulukları ve bazı taksonomik revizyonlar. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi (2019) 158: 49-121.
• Acar, Ş. 2019b. Alveolina (Glomalveolina) Hottinger, 1960 ve Alveolina (Alveolina) d’Orbigny, 1826 altcinslerinin (Foraminiferida) tanımı, sistematiği ve revizyonu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi (2019) 159, 91-99.
• Akıncı, Ö., Robertson, A., Poisson, A., Bozkurt, E. 2003. Preface: the Isparta Angle, SW Turkey – Its Role in the Evolution of Tethys in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Geological Journal 38 (Spec. Issue 3–4), 191–193.
• Akkiraz, M.S., Akgün, F., Örçen, S. 2011. Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Lower-“middle” Oligocene units in the northern part of the Western Taurides (Incesu area, Isparta, Turkey). Journal of Asian Earth Science 40, 452-474.
• Balcı, V. 2011. 1:100.000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Afyon L-24 paftası. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, No:162, 23s.
• Blumenthal, M. 1947. Seydişehir – Beyşehir hinterlandındaki Toros Dağlarının jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü Yayın Serisi, D2.
• Boudagher-Fadel, M.K. 2008. Evolution and Geological Significance of Larger Benthic Foraminifera, Developments in Paleontology and Stratigraphy 21, 1-540, Elsevier.
• BouDagher-Fadel, MK. 2018. Evolution and geological significance of larger Benthic Foraminifera. London: UCL Press. 704 p. Retrieved from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10047587/
• BouDagher-Fadel, M. K., Price, G. D., Hu, X., Li, J. 2015. Late Cretaceous to early Paleogene foraminiferal biozones in the Tibetan Himalayas, and a pan- Tethyan foraminiferal correlation scheme. Stratigraphy 12 (1), 67-91.
• Bozkurt, A., Görmüş, M. 2019. Description Criteria for Eocene Alveolinids: Examples from Inner Western Anatolia. IOP Conf. Ser: Earth Environ. Sci. 362, 012019.
• Bozkurt, A., Görmüş, M., Türkmen-Bozkurt, B. 2021. Keçiborlu Kuzeyi (Isparta) Tanesiyen - Erken İpresiyen Alveolinidlerinin Biyoçeşitlilik İncelemesi ve Mikrofasiyeslere Dayalı Paleoortamsal Yaklaşımlar. Uluslararası Katılımlı 73. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, Ankara, Türkiye (Baskıda).
• Bronn, H.G. 1825. System der urweltliche Pflanzenthiere durch Diagnose, Analyse und Abbildung der Geschlechter erläutert: zum Gebrauche bey Vorlesungen über Petrefactenkunde und zur Erleichterung des Selbststudiums derselben. J.C.B. Mohr (Heidelberg). 1-59.
• D’ Orbigny, A.D. 1826. Tableau méthodique de la classe des Cephalopodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1, (7), 245-314, pl. 10-17, Paris.
• Davies, L.M., Pinfold, E.S. 1937. The Eocene Beds of the Punjab Salt Range. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 24, 1-79.
• Debenay, J. P. 2012. A Guide to 1000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia. IRD éditions, Institut de recherche pourle développement, Marseille, Publications Scientifiques du Muséum, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris 378.
• Delage, Y., Hérouard, E. 1896. Traité de Zoologie Concrète Vol. I. La Cellule et les Protozoaires, Paris: Schleicher Fréres. Devoto, G. 1964. Zone ad Alveolinidae Nel Cretaceo e Paleocene Del Lazio Ed Abruzzo Centro- Meridionali. Geologica Romana III, 405-414.
• Dong, S., Lei, Y., Li, T., Jian, Z. 2018. Responses of benthic foraminifera to changes of temperature and salinity: Results from a laboratory culture experiment. Science China Earth Sciences 61, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-017-9269-3.
• Drobne, K. 1977. Alvéolines paléogenes de la Slovénie et de I’Istrie. Mémoires Suisses de Paléontologie 99, 9–174.
• Drobne, K., Ćosović, V., Moro, A., Bucković, D. 2011. The role of the Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform in the spatial distribution of Alveolinids. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 20, 721–751.
• Ehrenberg, C. G. 1839. Über die Bildung dei Kreidefelsen und des Kreidemergels durch unsichtbare organismen. Physikalische Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 59-147.
• Fornaciari, B., Giusberti, L., Papazzoni, C.A. 2019. Alveolina postalensis n. sp. (Foraminiferida, Alveolinidae) from the upper Ypresian of Monte Postale and Pesciara di Bolca (northern Italy). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 58 (2).
• Gaemers, P.A.M. 1978. Systematics of the Alveolinids of the Tremp Basin, South-Central Pyrenees, Spain. Leidse Geologische Mededelingen, Deel 51, Aflevering 1, 103-129.
• Görmüş, M., Karaman, E. 1992. Facies Changes and New Stratigraphical-Paleontological Data in the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary Around Söbüdağ (Çünür-Isparta). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Geosound 21, 43-57, Adana.
• Görmüş, M., Özkul, M. 1995. Gönen–Atabey (Isparta) ve Ağlasun (Burdur) arasındaki bölgenin stratigrafisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 1, 43–64.
• Görmüş, M., Nielsen, J.K. 2006. Borings in Larger Benthic Foraminifers From Turkey And Their Paleoenvironmental Significance. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 36 (2), 152-165.
• Gutnic, M., Monod, O., Poisson, A., Dumont, J.F. 1979. Géologie du Taurus occidentals (Turquie). Mémoires de la Société géologique de France 137, 1–112.
• Hadi, M., Vahidina, M., Abbasi, N. 2019. Ilerdian-Cuisian alveolinids from the western Alborz and eastern Iran zones: systematic and biostratigrapic implications. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 141–162.
• Hadi, M., Özgen-Erdem, N., Sinanoğlu, D., Sarkar, S., Zareh, A. 2020. Distribution of Alveolina assemblages in the Ypresian (Ilerdian-Cuisian) successions from Iran and Turkey (central and western Tethys): biostratigraphic implications for regional correlation. Micropaleontology 66 (1), 51-74.
• Hallock, P., Hansen, H.J. 1979. Depth adaptation in Amphistegina: change in lamellar thickness: Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 27, 99-104.
• Hallock, P., Glenn, E.C. 1982. Larger Foraminifera: A Tool for Paleoenvironmental Analysis of Cenozoic Carbonate Depositional Facies. Palaios 1 (1), 55-64.
• Hottinger, L. 1960. Recherches sur les Alveolines du Paleocene et de 1’Eocene: Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Palaontologischen Gesellschaft 75-76, 1-243.
• Hottinger, L. 1974. Alveolinids, Cretaceous-Tertiary Larger Foraminifera. Esso Production Research- European Laboratories, Text and Plate Volumes 70p., 106 plates, Basle.
• Hottinger, L. 1977. Distribution of larger Peneroplidae, Borelis and Nummulitidae in the Gulf of Elat, Red Sea: Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletins 15, 35-109.
• Hottinger, L. 1997. Shallow benthic foraminiferal assemblages as signals for depth of their deposition and their limitations. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 168 (4), 491-505.
• Jarvis, A., Reuter, H.I., Nelson, A., Guevara, E. 2008. Hole- filled SRTM for the Globe, Version 4. CGIAR- CSI SRTM 90m Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org
• Jorissen, F., Fontanier, C., Thomas, E. 2007. Paleoceanographical proxies based on deep-sea benthic foraminiferal assemblage characteristics. In:Hillaire-Marcel C, Vernal A de, eds. Proxies in Late Cenozoic paleoceanography. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. 263–326.
• Karaman, M.E. 1990. Isparta güneyinin temel jeolojik özellikleri. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni C.33, 57–67.
• Karaman, M.E. 1994. Isparta-Burdur arasının jeolojisi ve tektonik özellikleri. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 37 (2), 119-134.
• Karaman, M.E. 2000. Tectono-Stratigraphic Outline of the Burdur-Isparta Area (Western Taurides, Turkey). Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 43 (2), 71-81.
• Karaman, M.E., Meriç, E., Tansel, İ. 1988. Çünür (Isparta) dolaylarında Kretase-Tersiyer geçişi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Isparta Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 4, 80-100.
• Koçyiğit, A. 1980. Hoyran Gölü yöresinin (Afyon-Isparta) stratigrafik ve tektonik özellikleri. Doçentlik Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi 172 s (unpublished).
• Koçyiğit, A. 1983. Hoyran Gölü (Isparta Büklümü) Dolayının Tektoniği. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 26, 1 -10.
• Köse-Yeşilot, S. 2000. Dinar-Isparta arasındaki eosen bentik foraminiferlerinin sistematik ve biyofabrik incelemesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü 116 s.
• Loeblich, A.R., Tappan, H. 1987. Foraminiferal genera and their classifi cation. Vol. 1, 1-970; 2. New York (Von Nostrand Reinhold).
• Luterbacher, H.P. 1970. Environmental distribution of early Tertiary microfossils, Tremp Basin, Northeastern Spain. ESSO Production Research-European Laboratories, 46p.
• Murray, J.W. 1991. Ecology and Palaeoecology of Benthic Foraminifera. Routledge Taylor ve Francis Group, ISBN13: 978-0-582-05122-5 (pbk)
• Murray, J.W. 2006. Ecology and Applications of Benthic Foraminifera. Cambridge University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0-511-33519-8.
• Nemec, W., Alçiçek, M.C., Özaksoy, V. 2017. Sedimentation in a foreland basin within synorogenic orocline: Palaeogene of the Isparta Bend, Taurides, SW Turkey. Basin Research 30: 650-670.
• Özcan, E., Abbasi, İ.A., Drobne, K., Govindan, A., Jovane, L., Boukhalfa, K. 2015. Early Eocene orthophragminids and alveolinids from the Jafnayn Formation, N Oman: significance of Nemkovella stockari Less ve Özcan, 2007 in Tethys. Geodinamica Acta, DOI: 10.1080/09853111.2015.1107437.
• Özgen-Erdem, N. 2008. Akçataş - Cebeci Yöresinin (KB Tosya – GD Kastamonu) Tanesiyen - İlerdiyen Bentik Foraminifer Biyostratigrafisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 137, 67-77.
• Özgen Erdem, N., İnan, N., Akyazı, M., Tunoğlu C. 2005. Benthonic foraminiferal assemblages and microfacies analysis of Paleocene-Eocene carbonate rocks in the Kastamonu region, Northern Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 25 (3), 403-417.
• Özgen-Erdem, N. Akyazı, M. Karabaşoğlu, A. 2007. Biostratigraphic interpretation and systematics of Alveolina assemblages from the Ilerdian–Cuisian limestones of Southern Eskişehir, Central Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 29, 911-927.
• Özgen-Erdem, N., Canbolat, M.Y., Sinanoğlu, D. 2016. Araç Kuzeydoğusu (Kastamonu) Erken Eosen Sığ-Denizel Bentik Foraminifer Topluluğu ve Paleoekolojik Yorum. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 59 (3), 259-273.
• Özkan, T. 1991. Göltaş-Senirce-Çünür (Isparta ili) dolayında Kretase-Tersiyer geçişi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 54 s.
• Öztürk, Z., Öztürk, E.M. 1989. Balçıkhisar - Karadilli (Afyon) - Dereköy (Isparta) dolayının jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor no:8946 ( unpublished).
• Pawlowski, J., Holzmann, M., Tyszka, J. 2013. New supraordinal classification of Foraminifera: Molecules meet morphology. Marine Micropaleontology Volume 100, 1-10.
• Poisson, A., Orsay, A., Akay, E., Dumont, J.F., Uysal, S. 1984. The Isparta Angle: a Mesozoic palaeorift in the Western Taurides. In Geology of Taurus Belt, Tekeli O., Göncüoğlu M.C. (eds). Proceedings of International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, Mineral Research and Exploration Institute (MTA) of Turkey Publication, 11–26.
• Reiss, Z., Hottinger, L. 1984. The Gulf of Aqaba, Ecological Micropaleontology. Ecological Studies vol. 50. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
• Robertson, A.H.F., Poisson, A., Akıncı, Ö. 2003. Developments in research concerning Mesozoic– Tertiary Tethys and neotectonics in the Isparta Angle, SW Turkey. Geol. J. 38, 195–234.
• Roskov, Y., Ower, G., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P.M., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J., Penev, L. (eds.) 2019. Species 2000 ve ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2019 Annual Checklist. Dijital kaynak erişimi: www.catalogueoflife.org/annual- checklist/2019. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-884X.
• Sagular, E.K., Görmüş, M. 2006. New stratigraphical results and significance of reworking based on nannofossil, foraminiferal and sedimentological records in the Lower Tertiary sequence from the northern Isparta Angle, Eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 27, 78–98.
• Sarıiz, K. 1985. Keçiborlu kükürt yataklarının oluşumu ve yörenin jeolojisi. Anadolu Üniv. yayın no: 91, Doktora Tezi.
• Scheibner, C. Speijer, R.P. 2009. Recalibration of the Tethyan shallow-benthic zonation across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: the Egyptian record. Geologica Acta 7, (1-2), 195-214.
• Schwager, C. 1883. Die Foraminiferen aus den Eocaenablagerungen der lybischen Wüste und Aegyptens. Paleontographica (A), 30 (1), 79-154.
• Serra-Kiel, J., Hottinger, L., Caus, E., Drobne, K., Ferrandez, C., Jauhri, A.K., Less, G., Pavlovec, R., Pignatti, J., Samso, J.M., Schaub, H., Sirel, E., Strougo, A., Tambareau, Y., Tosquella, J., Zakrevskaya, E. 1998. Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bulletin Société Géologique France 169 (2), 281–299.
• Sirel, E. 1998. Foraminiferal description and biostratigraphy of the Paleocene-lower Eocene shallow-water limestones and discussions on the Cretaceous- Tertiary boundary in Turkey. General Directorate of the Mineral Research and Exploration, Monography series 2, 1-117, Pls. 68.
• Sirel, E. 2003. Foraminiferal description and biostratigraphy of the Bartonian, Priabonian and Oligocene shallow-water sediments of the southern and eastern Turkey. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 22 (1), 269-339.
• Sirel, E., Acar, Ş. 1982. Praebullalveolina, a new foraminiferal genus from the Upper Eocene of the Afyon and Çanakkale region (west of Turkey). Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae 75 (3), 821-839.
• Sirel, E., Acar, Ş. 2008. Description and Biostratigraphy of the Thanetian-Bartonian Glomalveolinids and Alveolinids of Turkey. TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası Yayınları 103 (Chamber of Geological Engineers of Turkey, Publication 103), Scientific Synthesis of the Lifelong Achievement, Special 2, 108 p., 108 pls., Ankara.
• Sirel, E. Özgen-Erdem, N. Kangal, Ö. 2013. Systematics and biostratigraphy of Oligocene (Rupelian- Early Chattian) foraminifera from lagoonal-very shallow water limestone in the eastern Sivas Basin (Central Turkey). Geologia Croatica 66 (2), 83-109.
• Şenel, M. 1997. 1:100.000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Isparta J-10 (M24) paftası. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, No:13.
• Vecchio, E., Barattolo, F., Hottinger, L. 2007. Alveolina horizons in the Trentinara Formation (Southern Apennines, Italy): stratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research In Paleontology and Stratigraphy) 113: 509–533.
• Waldron, J.W.F. 1984. Structural history of the Antalya Complex in the ‘Isparta Angle’, southwest Turkey. In: The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean (Ed. by J.E. Dixon and A.H.F. Robertson), Geological Society of London,Special Publications 17, 273–286.
• White, M. R. 1992. On species identification in the foraminiferal genus Alveolina (Late Paleocene– Middle Eocene). Journal of Foraminiferal Research 22 (1), 52–70.
• Yalçınkaya, S., Ergin, A., Afşar, Ö.P., Taner, K. 1986. Batı Torosların Jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor no:7898 ( unpublished).
• Yıldız, A., Toker, V. 1991. Çünür köyü yöresindeki (Isparta kuzeyi) Üst Kretase-Eosen yaşlı birimlerin planktik foraminiferler ile biyostratigrafik incelemesi. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 34 (2), 43-58.
• Yüzgül, N.S. 2016. Gökçebağ (Burdur) ve Gölbaşı (Isparta) yöresindeki erken tersiyer denizel kayaç serilerinin nannoplankton stratigrafisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 144 s.